Search (475 results, page 24 of 24)

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Footnote

Sie betonte, dass wir keinen Kulturbruch zu erwarten haben, nur weil sich die Präsentation des Lesestoffes wandelt. Mit Bibliotheksbeständen als nachhaltiger Ressource befassten sich die Vorträge von Christine Hasemann, Thomas Eismann und Annette Gerlach, die vor allem die Problematik bei der Archivierung von Tageszeitungen darstellten. Eng mit der Bestandspräsentation sind Katalogisierungsfragen verwoben (Bernhard Eversberg, Barbara Tillett, Gerhard Stumpf), wobei insbesondere die internationalen Verflechtungen nach AACR-Standards kritisch diskutiert wurden. Die Zeiten, in denen jeder neue Bibliotheksdirektor ein eigenes System entwarf und die alten Katalogkarten dem Friedhof überantwortete sind ganz offenbar Vergangenheit, die Probleme indes nicht kleiner geworden. Einen Bogen zur modernen Leserforschung und zur Bedeutung der Lektüre für Kinder schlug Georg Braun, der ein Leseförderungsprojekt der Stadtbücherei Landshut vorstellte, in dessen Rahmen mit Hilfeeiner HBI-Studentin bibliothekarische Arbeit für Kindergärten organisiert wurde, vor. Seine ausführliche Darstellung von Projektziel und konkreter Planung kann als Anleitung für analoge Projekte dienen, die die Zusammenarbeit öffentlicher Bibliotheken mit Schulen ausweiten möchten; ein Beitrag, der von Klaus Oberdieck aufgegriffen wurde, der ein Plädoyer für die Zusammenarbeit von Sekundarstufe II und Universitätsbibliotheken hielt. Jürgen Babendreier kritisierte die Konzentration der bibliothekarischen Arbeit auf Suchmodelle ohne Möglichkeit zur Synopsis und Synonymie und ohne den tentativen Ansatz, wie ihn Stimulationsmodelle bieten. Die digitale Bibliothek ist für ihn ein Typus ohne Nachhaltigkeit. Sie ermuntert zum Gebrauch ohne Verbrauch und lebt dank Pay-per-View von der Hand in den Mund. Babendreier wies zu Recht darauf hin, dass sich die Bibliotheken mittlerweile vielfach gerieren, als handelten sie als Franchisenehmer kommerzieller Verlage. Von Thomas Elsmann stammte eine Darstellung der Probleme, die Bestandsrestitution aufwerfen kann. Er bezog sich nur auf aus Deutschland entfernte Bestände. Erfahrungen zeigten vielfach aufgrund der föderalistischen Struktur der Bundesrepublik akute Probleme mit Behörden. Zudem ist mit erheblichem Aufwand an Buchbearbeitung zu rechnen, was letztlich häufig nur der Einarbeitung von Dubletten dient, da die relevanten entführten Buchbestände vielfach antiquarisch nachgekauft worden waren. Von Annette Gerlach stammt ein Vortrag zu terminologischen und physikalischen Aspekten der Bestandserhaltung insbesondere von Zeitungen. Gerlach plädierte für den Erhalt der Originale aufgrund deren anderen Informationscharakters, den weder Verfilmungen noch Digitalkopien erreichen können. Bernhard Eversberg stellte einen detaillierten Vergleich der Suchstrategien in konventionellen Katalogen, Online-Katalogen und der Charakteristika von Suchmaschinen vor, der dazu einlädt, ihn an unseren Terminals auszuhängen, um den Benutzern die Problematik aller drei Darbietungsformen deutlich zu machen. Eversberg wies auf die gerne verdrängte Tatsache hin, dass Online-Kataloge dem Nutzer in der Regel nicht anzeigen, dass er möglicherweise die relevantesten Treffer gar nicht zu sehen bekommt. Nutzer aber sind in der Regel nicht zu animieren, verschiedene Suchstrategien zu kombinieren, obwohl weder Internet noch Bibliotheken heute den Kosmos des Wissens wie der Information alleine abzudecken vermögen und interdisziplinäre Suche notwendiger als je zuvor ist - die »Vergooglerisierung« der Informationslandschaft nimmt eher zu als ab. Abgerundet wird der Band durch die Themenblöcke Fachreferat, Fachinformation und Fachportale, Handschriften und Alte Drucke, Digitale Bibliothek, Aus- und Fortbildung, Bibliotheksmanagement und Bibliothekspolitik sowie Verbünde, wobei deutliche Konfundierungseffekte nichtvermeidbar sondern wünschenswert sind.

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Content

Workshops Data Collectors meet Data Suppliers an the Internet (DirkHennig, Wolfgang Sander-Beuermann) CERIF-2000 (Common European Research Information Format) (Andrei Lopatenko) Embedding of CRIS in a university research information management system (Jostein Helland Hauge) A European Research Information System (ERIS): an infrastructure tool in a European research world without boundaries? (M.L.H. Lalieu)

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Abstract

Since 1988, two issues of Library Trends have been devoted to various aspects of image and multimedia information retrieval. In each issue, the editors call for a synergy across the disciplines that develop image retrieval systems and those that utilize these systems. Stam and Giral, in the 1988 issue of Library Trends titled "Linking Art Objects and Art Information," emphasize the need for a thorough understanding of the visual information-seeking behaviors of image database users. Writing in a 1990 issue of Library Trends devoted to graphical information retrieval, Mark Rorvig takes up the fundamental issue that "what can be listed cannot always be found" and uses that statement as a framework for examining progress in intellectual access to visual information. In the ensuing decade, several critical events have unfolded that have brought about some of the needed collaboration across disciplines and have enhanced the potential for advancements in the area of visual information retrieval. First, the field of computer vision has grown exponentially within the past decade, producing tools that enable the retrieval of visual information, especially for objects with no accompanying structural, administrative, or descriptive text information. Second, the Internet, more specifically the Web, has become a common channel for the transmission of graphical information, thus moving visual information retrieval rapidly from stand-alone workstations and databases into a networked environment. Third, the use of the Web to provide access to the search and retrieval mechanisms for visual and other forms of information has spawned the development of emerging standards for metadata about these objects as well as the creation of commonly employed methods to achieve interoperability across the searching of visual, textual, and other multimedia repositories. Practicality has begun to dictate that the indexing of huge collections of images by hand is a task that is both labor intensive and expensive-in many cases more than can be afforded to provide some method of intellectual access to digital image collections. In the world of text retrieval, text "speaks for itself" whereas image analysis requires a combination of high-level concept creation as well as the processing and interpretation of inherent visual features. In the area of intellectual access to visual information, the interplay between human and machine image indexing methods has begun to influence the development of visual information retrieval systems. Research and application by the visual information retrieval (VIR) community suggests that the most fruitful approaches to VIR involve analysis of the type of information being sought, the domain in which it will be used, and systematic testing to identify optimal retrieval methods.

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Classification

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Date

24. 3.2008 12:22:52

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Date

22. 2.2008 14:05:48

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Theme

Internet

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Footnote

There is only one article in the issue that claims to offer a theory of the scope that discussed by McGrath, and I am sorry that it appears in this issue. Bor-Sheng Tsai's "Theory of Information Genetics" is an almost incomprehensible combination of four different "models" wich names like "Möbius Twist" and "Clipping-Jointing." Tsai starts by posing the question "What is it that makes the `UNIVERSAL' information generating, representation, and transfer happen?" From this ungrammatical beginning, things get rapidly worse. Tsai makes side trips into the history of defining information, offers three-dimensional plots of citation data, a formula for "bonding relationships," hypothetical data an food consumption, sample pages from a web-based "experts directory" and dozens of citations from works which are peripheral to the discussion. The various sections of the article seem to have little to do with one another. I can't believe that the University of Illinois would publish something so poorly-edited. Now I will turn to the dominant, "bibliometric" articles in this issue, in order of their appearance: Judit Bar-Ilan and Bluma Peritz write about "Informetric Theories and Methods for Exploring the Internet." Theirs is a survey of research an patterns of electronic publication, including different ways of sampling, collecting and analyzing data an the Web. Their contribution to the "theory" theme lies in noting that some existing bibliometric laws apply to the Web. William Hood and Concepción Wilson's article, "Solving Problems ... Using Fuzzy Set Theory," demonstrates the widespread applicability of this mathematical tool for library-related problems, such as making decisions about the binding of documents, or improving document retrieval. Ronald Rosseau's piece an "Journal Evaluation" discusses the strength and weaknesses of various indicators for determining impact factors and rankings for journals. His is an exceptionally well-written article that has everything to do with measurement but almost nothing to do with theory, to my way of thinking. "The Matthew Effect for Countries" is the topic of Manfred Bonitz's paper an citations to scientific publications, analyzed by nation of origin. His research indicates that publications from certain countries-such as Switzerland, Denmark, the USA and the UK-receive more than the expected number of citations; correspondingly, some rather large countries like China receive much fewer than might be expected. Bonitz provides an extensive discussion of how the "MEC" measure came about, and what it ments-relating it to efficiency in scientific research. A bonus is his detour into the origins of the Matthew Effect in the Bible, and the subsequent popularization of the name by the sociologist Robert Merton. Wolfgang Glänzel's "Coauthorship patterns and trends in the sciences (1980-1998)" is, as the title implies, another citation analysis. He compares the number of authors an papers in three fields-Biomedical research, Chemistry and Mathematics - at sixyear intervals. Among other conclusions, Glänzel notes that the percentage of publications with four or more authors has been growing in all three fields, and that multiauthored papers are more likely to be cited.

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Date

22. 2.2007 18:56:23
22. 2.2007 19:12:10

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Footnote

Rez. in: Knowledge organization 30(2003) no.1, S.42-44 (D. Mercier): "This work is a collection of lecture notes following the 22"d Sarada Ranganathan Endowment Lectures which took place in Bangalore, India, from 4-6 December 2000. This compilation has been divided into four sections: historical introduction, compilation of several definitions about knowledge and its management, impacts of knowledge management (KM) an information professionals and, review of information technologies as tools for knowledge management. The aim of this book is to provide "a succinct overview of various aspects of knowledge management, particularly in companies" (p. v). Each chapter focuses an a dominant text in a specific area. Most of the quoted authors are known consultants in KM. Each chapter is similarly handled: a review of a dominant book, some subject matter from a few other consultants and, last but not least, comments an a few broadly cited cases. Each chapter is uneven with regards to the level of detail provided, and ending summaries, which would have been useful, are missing. The book is structured in two parts containing five chapters each. The first part is theoretical, the second deals with knowledge workers and technologies. Haravu begins the first chapter with a historical overview of information and knowledge management (IKM) essentially based an the review previously made by Drucker (1999). Haravu emphasises the major facts and events of the discipline from the industrial revolution up to the advent of the knowledge economy. On the whole, this book is largely technology-oriented. The lecturer presents micro-economic factors contributing to the economic perspective of knowledge management, focusing an the existing explicit knowledge. This is Haravu's prevailing perspective. He then offers a compilation of definitions from Allee (1997) and Sveiby (1997), both known for their contribution in the area of knowledge evaluation. As many others, Haravu confirms his assumption regarding the distinction between information and knowledge, and the knowledge categories: explicit and tacit, both actions oriented and supported by rules (p. 43). The SECI model (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), also known as "knowledge conversion spiral" is described briefly, and the theoretically relational dimension between individual and collectivities is explained. Three SECI linked concepts appear to be missing: contexts in movement, intellectual assets and leadership.

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Date

23. 3.2008 19:10:22