-
Adler, M.: ¬The strangeness of subject cataloging : afterword (2020)
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- Abstract
- "I can't presume to know how other catalogers view the systems, information resources, and institutions with which they engage on a daily basis. David Paton gives us a glimpse in this issue of the affective experiences of bibliographers and catalogers of artists' books in South Africa, and it is clear that the emotional range among them is wide. What I can say is that catalogers' feelings and worldviews, whatever they may be, give the library its shape. I think we can agree that the librarians who constructed the Library of Congress Classification around 1900, Melvil Dewey, and the many classifiers around the world past and present, have had particular sets of desires around control and access and order. We all are asked to submit to those desires in our library work, as well as our own pursuit of knowledge and pleasure reading. And every decision regarding the aboutness of a book, or about where to place it within a particular discipline, takes place in a cataloger's affective and experiential world. While the classification provides the outlines, the catalogers color in the spaces with the books, based on their own readings of the book descriptions and their interpretations of the classification scheme. The decisions they make and the structures to which they are bound affect the circulation of books and their readers across the library. Indeed, some of the encounters will be unexpected, strange, frustrating, frightening, shame-inducing, awe-inspiring, and/or delightful. The emotional experiences of students described in Mabee and Fancher's article, as well as those of any visitor to the library, are all affected by classificatory design. One concern is that a library's ordering principles may reinforce or heighten already existing feelings of precarity or marginality. Because the classifications are hidden from patrons' view, it is difficult to measure the way the order affects a person's mind and body. That a person does not consciously register the associations does not mean that they are not affected."
- Content
- Afterword to a special issue "Strange Circulations".
- Type
- a
-
Noever, D.; Ciolino, M.: ¬The Turing deception (2022)
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- Abstract
- This research revisits the classic Turing test and compares recent large language models such as ChatGPT for their abilities to reproduce human-level comprehension and compelling text generation. Two task challenges- summary and question answering- prompt ChatGPT to produce original content (98-99%) from a single text entry and sequential questions initially posed by Turing in 1950. We score the original and generated content against the OpenAI GPT-2 Output Detector from 2019, and establish multiple cases where the generated content proves original and undetectable (98%). The question of a machine fooling a human judge recedes in this work relative to the question of "how would one prove it?" The original contribution of the work presents a metric and simple grammatical set for understanding the writing mechanics of chatbots in evaluating their readability and statistical clarity, engagement, delivery, overall quality, and plagiarism risks. While Turing's original prose scores at least 14% below the machine-generated output, whether an algorithm displays hints of Turing's true initial thoughts (the "Lovelace 2.0" test) remains unanswerable.
- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN
- Type
- a
-
Zhang, L.: ¬The knowledge organization education within and beyond the master of library and information science (2023)
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- Abstract
- By analyzing 63 English-speaking institutions that offer ALA-accredited master's programs in library and information studies, this research aims to explore the education for knowledge organization (KO) at different levels and across fields. This research examines the KO courses that are the required courses and elective courses in the MLIS programs, that are offered in other master's programs and graduate certificate programs, that are adapted to the undergraduate degree and certificate programs, and that are particularly developed for programs other than MLIS. The findings indicate that the great majority of MLIS programs still have a focus on or a significant component of knowledge organization as their required course and include the knowledge organization elective courses, particularly library cataloging and classification, on their curriculum. However, there is a variety of the offerings of KO related courses across the programs in an institution or in the same program across the institutions. It shows a promising trend that the traditional and new KO courses play an important role in many other programs, at different levels and across fields. With the conventional, adapted, or innovative content, these courses demonstrate that the principles and skills of knowledge organization are applicable to a wide variety of settings, can be integrated with other disciplinary knowledge and emerging technologies, and meet the needs of different career pathways and groups of learners.
- Type
- a
-
Moore, S.M.; Kiser, T.; Hodge, C.: Classification of print-based cartographic materials : a survey and analysis (2022)
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- Abstract
- This paper examines the predominant systems used for the classification of print-based cartographic materials (primarily atlases and sheet maps). We present the results of a brief, widely distributed survey on the topic, followed by discussions of the distinctive characteristics of the classification systems used by survey respondents. The Library of Congress Classification and Dewey Decimal Classification systems were found to be widely used, with several other schemes also in use.
- Type
- a
-
Higgins, C.: 'I coulda had class' : the difficulties of classifying film in Library of Congress Classification and Dewey Decimal Classification (2022)
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- Abstract
- This paper analyzes how two systems of classification - Library of Congress Classification and Dewey Decimal Classification - are applied to physical collections of films within libraries. It studies the history of the evolving approach to classification of film in these schemes, and identifies several ways that the underlying principles and philosophical assumptions of both are unconducive to arrangements of films. It also identifies several practical failings and contradictions within these systems, and confusions as to how their principles are to be mapped onto non-book objects of cultural production. The paper concludes that many of these failings are born of uncritical assumptions about film culture, whose differences from literary productions may not have been fully appreciated.
- Type
- a
-
Clarke, R.I.: Library classification systems in the U.S. : basic ideas and examples (2021)
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- Abstract
- This article offers a basic introduction to classification in the context of librarianship in the United States with an aim toward filling gaps in formal education and practical experience. The article defines the concept of classification and discusses the goals and purposes of classification, both functional and intellectual. Overviews of two common classification systems frequently used in U.S. libraries are presented: Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), Library of Congress Classification (LCC), as well as an introduction to a group of classifications known as "reader-interest classifications."
- Type
- a
-
Hider, P.; Coe, M.: Academic disciplines in the context of library classification : mapping university faculty structures to the DDC and LCC schemes (2022)
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- Abstract
- We investigated the extent to which the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) and the Library of Congress Classification reflect the organizational structures of Australian universities. The mapping of the faculty structures of ten universities to the two schemes showed strong alignment, with very few fields represented in the names of the organizational units not covered at all by either bibliographic scheme. This suggests a degree of universality and "scientific and educational consensus" with respect to both the schemes and academic disciplines. The article goes on to discuss the concept of discipline and its application in bibliographic classification.
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- a
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¬Der Student aus dem Computer (2023)
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- Date
- 27. 1.2023 16:22:55
- Type
- a
-
Balakrishnan, U.; Peters, S.; Voß, J.: Coli-conc : eine Infrastruktur zur Nutzung und Erstellung von Konkordanzen (2021)
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- Abstract
- coli-conc ist eine Dienstleistung der Verbundzentrale des Gemeinsamen Bibliotheksverbundes (VZG). Sie stellt webbasierte Dienste für einen effektiveren Austausch von Wissensorganisationssystemen und für die effiziente Erstellung und Wartung von Mappings zur Verfügung. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf den im deutschsprachigen Raum verbreiteten bibliothekarischen Klassifikationen und Normdateien, vor allem den bedeutenden Universalklassifikationen wie Dewey Dezimalklassifikation (DDC), Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK), Basisklassifikation (BK) und den Sachgruppen der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie (SDNB). Dieser Bericht beschreibt den Hintergrund, die Architektur und die Funktionalitäten von coli-conc sowie das Herzstück der Infrastruktur - das Mapping-Tool Cocoda. Außerdem wird auf Maßnahmen zur Qualitätssicherung eingegangen und ein Einblick in das neue Mapping-Verfahren mit dem Konzept- Hub gewährt.
- Type
- a
-
Gnoli, C.: Faceted classifications as linked data : a logical analysis (2021)
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- Abstract
- Faceted knowledge organization systems have sophisticated logical structures, making their representation as linked data a demanding task. The term facet is often used in ambiguous ways: while in thesauri facets only work as semantic categories, in classification schemes they also have syntactic functions. The need to convert the Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) into SKOS stimulated a more general analysis of the different kinds of syntactic facets, as can be represented in terms of RDF properties and their respective domain and range. A nomenclature is proposed, distinguishing between common facets, which can be appended to any class, that is, have an unrestricted domain; and special facets, which are exclusive to some class, that is, have a restricted domain. In both cases, foci can be taken from any other class (unrestricted range: free facets), or only from subclasses of an existing class (parallel facets), or be defined specifically for the present class (bound facets). Examples are given of such cases in ILC and in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC).
- Type
- a
-
Jaeger, L.: Wissenschaftler versus Wissenschaft (2020)
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- Date
- 2. 3.2020 14:08:22
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- a
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Ibrahim, G.M.; Taylor, M.: Krebszellen manipulieren Neurone : Gliome (2023)
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- Source
- Spektrum der Wissenschaft. 2023, H.10, S.22-24
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- a
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Dewey, S.H.: Foucault's toolbox : use of Foucault's writings in LIS journal literature, 1990-2016 (2020)
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- Abstract
- Purpose To provide a close, detailed analysis of the frequency, nature, and depth of visible use of Michel Foucault's works by library and information science/studies (LIS) scholars. Design/methodology/approach The study conducted extensive full-text searches in a large number of electronically available LIS journal databases to find citations of Foucault's works, then examined each cited article to evaluate the nature and depth of use. Findings Most uses of Foucault are brief or in passing. In-depth explorations of Foucault's works are comparatively rare and relatively little-used by other LIS scholars. Yet the relatively brief uses of Foucault encompass a wide array of different topics spread across a wide spectrum of LIS journal literature. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to articles from particular relatively prominent LIS journals. Results might vary if different journals or non-journal literature were studied. More sophisticated bibliometric techniques might reveal different relative performance among journals and might better test, confirm, or reject various patterns and relationships found here. Other research approaches, such as discourse analysis, social network analysis, or scholar interviews, might reveal patterns of use and influence not visible in this literature sample. Originality/value This intensive study of both quality and quantity of citations may challenge some existing assumptions regarding citation analysis, plus illuminating Foucault scholarship. It also indicates possible problems for future application of artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to similar depth-of-use studies.
- Type
- a
-
Buente, W.; Baybayan, C.K.; Hajibayova, L.; McCorkhill, M.; Panchyshyn, R.: Exploring the renaissance of wayfinding and voyaging through the lens of knowledge representation, organization and discovery systems (2020)
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- Abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical analysis from an ethical perspective of how the concept of indigenous wayfinding and voyaging is mapped in knowledge representation, organization and discovery systems. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the Dewey Decimal Classification, the Library of Congress Subject Headings, the Library of Congress Classifications systems and the Web of Science citation database were methodically examined to determine how these systems represent and facilitate the discovery of indigenous knowledge of wayfinding and voyaging. Findings The analysis revealed that there was no dedicated representation of the indigenous practices of wayfinding and voyaging in the major knowledge representation, organization and discovery systems. By scattering indigenous practice across various, often very broad and unrelated classes, coherence in the record is disrupted, resulting in misrepresentation of these indigenous concepts. Originality/value This study contributes to a relatively limited research literature on representation and organization of indigenous knowledge of wayfinding and voyaging. This study calls to foster a better understanding and appreciation for the rich knowledge that indigenous cultures provide for an enlightened society.
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- a
-
Sokolow, A.: Es menschelt in der KI-Welt (2023)
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- Date
- 27. 1.2023 16:22:55
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Sokolow, A.: Chaostage bei ChatGPT (2023)
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- Date
- 27. 1.2023 16:22:55
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Koch, C.: Was ist Bewusstsein? (2020)
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- Date
- 17. 1.2020 22:15:11
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Wagner, E.: Über Impfstoffe zur digitalen Identität? (2020)
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- Date
- 4. 5.2020 17:22:40
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Engel, B.: Corona-Gesundheitszertifikat als Exitstrategie (2020)
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- Date
- 4. 5.2020 17:22:28
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Arndt, O.: Totale Telematik (2020)
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- Date
- 22. 6.2020 19:11:24
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- a
