-
Silvester, J.P.: Computer supported indexing : a history and evaluation of NASA's MAI system (1998)
0.15
0.14833848 = product of:
0.2472308 = sum of:
0.013485395 = weight(_text_:a in 1302) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.013485395 = score(doc=1302,freq=4.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.25222903 = fieldWeight in 1302, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1302)
0.22269404 = weight(_text_:91 in 1302) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.22269404 = score(doc=1302,freq=2.0), product of:
0.25837386 = queryWeight, product of:
5.5722036 = idf(docFreq=456, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.86190623 = fieldWeight in 1302, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.5722036 = idf(docFreq=456, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1302)
0.011051352 = product of:
0.022102704 = sum of:
0.022102704 = weight(_text_:information in 1302) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.022102704 = score(doc=1302,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.27153665 = fieldWeight in 1302, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1302)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.6 = coord(3/5)
- Pages
- S.76-91
- Source
- Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.61, [=Suppl.24]
- Type
- a
-
RIAO 91 : Computer aided information retrieval. Conference, Barcelona, 2.-4.5.1991 (1991)
0.13
0.1335688 = product of:
0.33392197 = sum of:
0.31813434 = weight(_text_:91 in 4651) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.31813434 = score(doc=4651,freq=2.0), product of:
0.25837386 = queryWeight, product of:
5.5722036 = idf(docFreq=456, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
1.2312946 = fieldWeight in 4651, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.5722036 = idf(docFreq=456, maxDocs=44218)
0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=4651)
0.015787644 = product of:
0.03157529 = sum of:
0.03157529 = weight(_text_:information in 4651) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.03157529 = score(doc=4651,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.38790947 = fieldWeight in 4651, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=4651)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
-
Voorhees, E.M.: Implementing agglomerative hierarchic clustering algorithms for use in document retrieval (1986)
0.05
0.054669764 = product of:
0.1366744 = sum of:
0.010897844 = weight(_text_:a in 402) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010897844 = score(doc=402,freq=2.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.20383182 = fieldWeight in 402, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=402)
0.12577656 = sum of:
0.025260232 = weight(_text_:information in 402) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.025260232 = score(doc=402,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.3103276 = fieldWeight in 402, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=402)
0.100516334 = weight(_text_:22 in 402) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.100516334 = score(doc=402,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.61904186 = fieldWeight in 402, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=402)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 22(1986) no.6, S.465-476
- Type
- a
-
Hlava, M.M.K.: Automatic indexing : comparing rule-based and statistics-based indexing systems (2005)
0.05
0.047836047 = product of:
0.11959012 = sum of:
0.009535614 = weight(_text_:a in 6265) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009535614 = score(doc=6265,freq=2.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.17835285 = fieldWeight in 6265, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6265)
0.1100545 = sum of:
0.022102704 = weight(_text_:information in 6265) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.022102704 = score(doc=6265,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.27153665 = fieldWeight in 6265, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6265)
0.087951794 = weight(_text_:22 in 6265) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.087951794 = score(doc=6265,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 6265, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6265)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Source
- Information outlook. 9(2005) no.8, S.22-23
- Type
- a
-
Rasmussen, E.M.: Indexing and retrieval for the Web (2002)
0.04
0.04477921 = product of:
0.07463202 = sum of:
0.008258085 = weight(_text_:a in 4285) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.008258085 = score(doc=4285,freq=24.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.1544581 = fieldWeight in 4285, product of:
4.8989797 = tf(freq=24.0), with freq of:
24.0 = termFreq=24.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=4285)
0.05567351 = weight(_text_:91 in 4285) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05567351 = score(doc=4285,freq=2.0), product of:
0.25837386 = queryWeight, product of:
5.5722036 = idf(docFreq=456, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.21547656 = fieldWeight in 4285, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
5.5722036 = idf(docFreq=456, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=4285)
0.010700425 = product of:
0.02140085 = sum of:
0.02140085 = weight(_text_:information in 4285) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02140085 = score(doc=4285,freq=30.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.2629142 = fieldWeight in 4285, product of:
5.477226 = tf(freq=30.0), with freq of:
30.0 = termFreq=30.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=4285)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.6 = coord(3/5)
- Abstract
- The introduction and growth of the World Wide Web (WWW, or Web) have resulted in a profound change in the way individuals and organizations access information. In terms of volume, nature, and accessibility, the characteristics of electronic information are significantly different from those of even five or six years ago. Control of, and access to, this flood of information rely heavily an automated techniques for indexing and retrieval. According to Gudivada, Raghavan, Grosky, and Kasanagottu (1997, p. 58), "The ability to search and retrieve information from the Web efficiently and effectively is an enabling technology for realizing its full potential." Almost 93 percent of those surveyed consider the Web an "indispensable" Internet technology, second only to e-mail (Graphie, Visualization & Usability Center, 1998). Although there are other ways of locating information an the Web (browsing or following directory structures), 85 percent of users identify Web pages by means of a search engine (Graphie, Visualization & Usability Center, 1998). A more recent study conducted by the Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society confirms the finding that searching for information is second only to e-mail as an Internet activity (Nie & Ebring, 2000, online). In fact, Nie and Ebring conclude, "... the Internet today is a giant public library with a decidedly commercial tilt. The most widespread use of the Internet today is as an information search utility for products, travel, hobbies, and general information. Virtually all users interviewed responded that they engaged in one or more of these information gathering activities."
Techniques for automated indexing and information retrieval (IR) have been developed, tested, and refined over the past 40 years, and are well documented (see, for example, Agosti & Smeaton, 1996; BaezaYates & Ribeiro-Neto, 1999a; Frakes & Baeza-Yates, 1992; Korfhage, 1997; Salton, 1989; Witten, Moffat, & Bell, 1999). With the introduction of the Web, and the capability to index and retrieve via search engines, these techniques have been extended to a new environment. They have been adopted, altered, and in some Gases extended to include new methods. "In short, search engines are indispensable for searching the Web, they employ a variety of relatively advanced IR techniques, and there are some peculiar aspects of search engines that make searching the Web different than more conventional information retrieval" (Gordon & Pathak, 1999, p. 145). The environment for information retrieval an the World Wide Web differs from that of "conventional" information retrieval in a number of fundamental ways. The collection is very large and changes continuously, with pages being added, deleted, and altered. Wide variability between the size, structure, focus, quality, and usefulness of documents makes Web documents much more heterogeneous than a typical electronic document collection. The wide variety of document types includes images, video, audio, and scripts, as well as many different document languages. Duplication of documents and sites is common. Documents are interconnected through networks of hyperlinks. Because of the size and dynamic nature of the Web, preprocessing all documents requires considerable resources and is often not feasible, certainly not an the frequent basis required to ensure currency. Query length is usually much shorter than in other environments-only a few words-and user behavior differs from that in other environments. These differences make the Web a novel environment for information retrieval (Baeza-Yates & Ribeiro-Neto, 1999b; Bharat & Henzinger, 1998; Huang, 2000).
- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 37(2003), S.91-126
- Type
- a
-
Biebricher, N.; Fuhr, N.; Lustig, G.; Schwantner, M.; Knorz, G.: ¬The automatic indexing system AIR/PHYS : from research to application (1988)
0.04
0.036784384 = product of:
0.09196096 = sum of:
0.0068111527 = weight(_text_:a in 1952) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0068111527 = score(doc=1952,freq=2.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.12739488 = fieldWeight in 1952, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1952)
0.08514981 = sum of:
0.022327103 = weight(_text_:information in 1952) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.022327103 = score(doc=1952,freq=4.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.27429342 = fieldWeight in 1952, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1952)
0.06282271 = weight(_text_:22 in 1952) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06282271 = score(doc=1952,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 1952, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1952)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Date
- 16. 8.1998 12:51:22
- Footnote
- Wiederabgedruckt in: Readings in information retrieval. Ed.: K. Sparck Jones u. P. Willett. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann 1997. S.513-517.
- Source
- Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on research and development in information retrieval. Ed.: Y. Chiaramella
- Type
- a
-
Kutschekmanesch, S.; Lutes, B.; Moelle, K.; Thiel, U.; Tzeras, K.: Automated multilingual indexing : a synthesis of rule-based and thesaurus-based methods (1998)
0.04
0.03529711 = product of:
0.08824278 = sum of:
0.009632425 = weight(_text_:a in 4157) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009632425 = score(doc=4157,freq=4.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.18016359 = fieldWeight in 4157, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4157)
0.07861035 = sum of:
0.015787644 = weight(_text_:information in 4157) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.015787644 = score(doc=4157,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.19395474 = fieldWeight in 4157, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4157)
0.06282271 = weight(_text_:22 in 4157) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06282271 = score(doc=4157,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 4157, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4157)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Source
- Information und Märkte: 50. Deutscher Dokumentartag 1998, Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Dokumentation e.V. (DGD), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 22.-24. September 1998. Hrsg. von Marlies Ockenfeld u. Gerhard J. Mantwill
- Type
- a
-
Riloff, E.: ¬An empirical study of automated dictionary construction for information extraction in three domains (1996)
0.03
0.031936046 = product of:
0.079840116 = sum of:
0.00770594 = weight(_text_:a in 6752) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.00770594 = score(doc=6752,freq=4.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.14413087 = fieldWeight in 6752, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6752)
0.072134174 = sum of:
0.021876005 = weight(_text_:information in 6752) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.021876005 = score(doc=6752,freq=6.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.2687516 = fieldWeight in 6752, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6752)
0.050258167 = weight(_text_:22 in 6752) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.050258167 = score(doc=6752,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 6752, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6752)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- AutoSlog is a system that addresses the knowledge engineering bottleneck for information extraction. AutoSlog automatically creates domain specific dictionaries for information extraction, given an appropriate training corpus. Describes experiments with AutoSlog in terrorism, joint ventures and microelectronics domains. Compares the performance of AutoSlog across the 3 domains, discusses the lessons learned and presents results from 2 experiments which demonstrate that novice users can generate effective dictionaries using AutoSlog
- Date
- 6. 3.1997 16:22:15
- Type
- a
-
Newman, D.J.; Block, S.: Probabilistic topic decomposition of an eighteenth-century American newspaper (2006)
0.03
0.027656192 = product of:
0.06914048 = sum of:
0.009535614 = weight(_text_:a in 5291) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009535614 = score(doc=5291,freq=8.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.17835285 = fieldWeight in 5291, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5291)
0.05960487 = sum of:
0.015628971 = weight(_text_:information in 5291) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.015628971 = score(doc=5291,freq=4.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.1920054 = fieldWeight in 5291, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5291)
0.043975897 = weight(_text_:22 in 5291) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043975897 = score(doc=5291,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 5291, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5291)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- We use a probabilistic mixture decomposition method to determine topics in the Pennsylvania Gazette, a major colonial U.S. newspaper from 1728-1800. We assess the value of several topic decomposition techniques for historical research and compare the accuracy and efficacy of various methods. After determining the topics covered by the 80,000 articles and advertisements in the entire 18th century run of the Gazette, we calculate how the prevalence of those topics changed over time, and give historically relevant examples of our findings. This approach reveals important information about the content of this colonial newspaper, and suggests the value of such approaches to a more complete understanding of early American print culture and society.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 17:32:00
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.6, S.753-767
- Type
- a
-
Bordoni, L.; Pazienza, M.T.: Documents automatic indexing in an environmental domain (1997)
0.03
0.02714518 = product of:
0.06786295 = sum of:
0.008258085 = weight(_text_:a in 530) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.008258085 = score(doc=530,freq=6.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.1544581 = fieldWeight in 530, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=530)
0.05960487 = sum of:
0.015628971 = weight(_text_:information in 530) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.015628971 = score(doc=530,freq=4.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.1920054 = fieldWeight in 530, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=530)
0.043975897 = weight(_text_:22 in 530) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043975897 = score(doc=530,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 530, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=530)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- Describes an application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, in HIRMA (Hypertextual Information Retrieval Managed by ARIOSTO), to the problem of document indexing by referring to a system which incorporates natural language processing techniques to determine the subject of the text of documents and to associate them with relevant semantic indexes. Describes briefly the overall system, details of its implementation on a corpus of scientific abstracts related to environmental topics and experimental evidence of the system's behaviour. Analyzes in detail an experiment designed to evaluate the system's retrieval ability in terms of recall and precision
- Source
- International forum on information and documentation. 22(1997) no.1, S.17-28
- Type
- a
-
Hodges, P.R.: Keyword in title indexes : effectiveness of retrieval in computer searches (1983)
0.03
0.026539028 = product of:
0.06634757 = sum of:
0.0067426977 = weight(_text_:a in 5001) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0067426977 = score(doc=5001,freq=4.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.12611452 = fieldWeight in 5001, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5001)
0.05960487 = sum of:
0.015628971 = weight(_text_:information in 5001) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.015628971 = score(doc=5001,freq=4.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.1920054 = fieldWeight in 5001, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5001)
0.043975897 = weight(_text_:22 in 5001) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043975897 = score(doc=5001,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 5001, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5001)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- A study was done to test the effectiveness of retrieval using title word searching. It was based on actual search profiles used in the Mechanized Information Center at Ohio State University, in order ro replicate as closely as possible actual searching conditions. Fewer than 50% of the relevant titles were retrieved by keywords in titles. The low rate of retrieval can be attributes to three sources: titles themselves, user and information specialist ignorance of the subject vocabulary in use, and to general language problems. Across fields it was found that the social sciences had the best retrieval rate, with science having the next best, and arts and humanities the lowest. Ways to enhance and supplement keyword in title searching on the computer and in printed indexes are discussed.
- Date
- 14. 3.1996 13:22:21
- Type
- a
-
Wolfekuhler, M.R.; Punch, W.F.: Finding salient features for personal Web pages categories (1997)
0.03
0.025314135 = product of:
0.063285336 = sum of:
0.008258085 = weight(_text_:a in 2673) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.008258085 = score(doc=2673,freq=6.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.1544581 = fieldWeight in 2673, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2673)
0.05502725 = sum of:
0.011051352 = weight(_text_:information in 2673) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011051352 = score(doc=2673,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.13576832 = fieldWeight in 2673, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2673)
0.043975897 = weight(_text_:22 in 2673) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043975897 = score(doc=2673,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 2673, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2673)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- Examines techniques that discover features in sets of pre-categorized documents, such that similar documents can be found on the WWW. Examines techniques which will classifiy training examples with high accuracy, then explains why this is not necessarily useful. Describes a method for extracting word clusters from the raw document features. Results show that the clustering technique is successful in discovering word groups in personal Web pages which can be used to find similar information on the WWW
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:08:06
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special issue of papers from the 6th International World Wide Web conference, held 7-11 Apr 1997, Santa Clara, California
- Type
- a
-
Ward, M.L.: ¬The future of the human indexer (1996)
0.02
0.021697827 = product of:
0.054244567 = sum of:
0.007078358 = weight(_text_:a in 7244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.007078358 = score(doc=7244,freq=6.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.13239266 = fieldWeight in 7244, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=7244)
0.04716621 = sum of:
0.009472587 = weight(_text_:information in 7244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009472587 = score(doc=7244,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.116372846 = fieldWeight in 7244, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=7244)
0.037693623 = weight(_text_:22 in 7244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.037693623 = score(doc=7244,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 7244, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=7244)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- Considers the principles of indexing and the intellectual skills involved in order to determine what automatic indexing systems would be required in order to supplant or complement the human indexer. Good indexing requires: considerable prior knowledge of the literature; judgement as to what to index and what depth to index; reading skills; abstracting skills; and classification skills, Illustrates these features with a detailed description of abstracting and indexing processes involved in generating entries for the mechanical engineering database POWERLINK. Briefly assesses the possibility of replacing human indexers with specialist indexing software, with particular reference to the Object Analyzer from the InTEXT automatic indexing system and using the criteria described for human indexers. At present, it is unlikely that the automatic indexer will replace the human indexer, but when more primary texts are available in electronic form, it may be a useful productivity tool for dealing with large quantities of low grade texts (should they be wanted in the database)
- Date
- 9. 2.1997 18:44:22
- Source
- Journal of librarianship and information science. 28(1996) no.4, S.217-225
- Type
- a
-
Plaunt, C.; Norgard, B.A.: ¬An association-based method for automatic indexing with a controlled vocabulary (1998)
0.02
0.021547971 = product of:
0.053869925 = sum of:
0.01129502 = weight(_text_:a in 1794) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.01129502 = score(doc=1794,freq=22.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.21126054 = fieldWeight in 1794, product of:
4.690416 = tf(freq=22.0), with freq of:
22.0 = termFreq=22.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1794)
0.042574905 = sum of:
0.011163551 = weight(_text_:information in 1794) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011163551 = score(doc=1794,freq=4.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.13714671 = fieldWeight in 1794, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1794)
0.031411353 = weight(_text_:22 in 1794) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.031411353 = score(doc=1794,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1794, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1794)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- In this article, we describe and test a two-stage algorithm based on a lexical collocation technique which maps from the lexical clues contained in a document representation into a controlled vocabulary list of subject headings. Using a collection of 4.626 INSPEC documents, we create a 'dictionary' of associations between the lexical items contained in the titles, authors, and abstracts, and controlled vocabulary subject headings assigned to those records by human indexers using a likelihood ratio statistic as the measure of association. In the deployment stage, we use the dictiony to predict which of the controlled vocabulary subject headings best describe new documents when they are presented to the system. Our evaluation of this algorithm, in which we compare the automatically assigned subject headings to the subject headings assigned to the test documents by human catalogers, shows that we can obtain results comparable to, and consistent with, human cataloging. In effect we have cast this as a classic partial match information retrieval problem. We consider the problem to be one of 'retrieving' (or assigning) the most probably 'relevant' (or correct) controlled vocabulary subject headings to a document based on the clues contained in that document
- Date
- 11. 9.2000 19:53:22
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.10, S.888-902
- Type
- a
-
Milstead, J.L.: Thesauri in a full-text world (1998)
0.02
0.021239052 = product of:
0.053097628 = sum of:
0.005898632 = weight(_text_:a in 2337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.005898632 = score(doc=2337,freq=6.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.11032722 = fieldWeight in 2337, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2337)
0.047198996 = sum of:
0.015787644 = weight(_text_:information in 2337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.015787644 = score(doc=2337,freq=8.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.19395474 = fieldWeight in 2337, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2337)
0.031411353 = weight(_text_:22 in 2337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.031411353 = score(doc=2337,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 2337, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2337)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- Despite early claims to the contemporary, thesauri continue to find use as access tools for information in the full-text environment. Their mode of use is changing, but this change actually represents an expansion rather than a contrdiction of their utility. Thesauri and similar vocabulary tools can complement full-text access by aiding users in focusing their searches, by supplementing the linguistic analysis of the text search engine, and even by serving as one of the tools used by the linguistic engine for its analysis. While human indexing contunues to be used for many databases, the trend is to increase the use of machine aids for this purpose. All machine-aided indexing (MAI) systems rely on thesauri as the basis for term selection. In the 21st century, the balance of effort between human and machine will change at both input and output, but thesauri will continue to play an important role for the foreseeable future
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
- Imprint
- Urbana-Champaign, IL : Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, Graduate School of Library and Information Science
- Source
- Visualizing subject access for 21st century information resources: Papers presented at the 1997 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, 2-4 Mar 1997, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Ed.: P.A. Cochrane et al
- Type
- a
-
Stankovic, R. et al.: Indexing of textual databases based on lexical resources : a case study for Serbian (2016)
0.02
0.016417513 = product of:
0.04104378 = sum of:
0.009632425 = weight(_text_:a in 2759) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009632425 = score(doc=2759,freq=4.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.18016359 = fieldWeight in 2759, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2759)
0.031411353 = product of:
0.06282271 = sum of:
0.06282271 = weight(_text_:22 in 2759) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06282271 = score(doc=2759,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 2759, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2759)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Date
- 1. 2.2016 18:25:22
- Type
- a
-
Greiner-Petter, A.; Schubotz, M.; Cohl, H.S.; Gipp, B.: Semantic preserving bijective mappings for expressions involving special functions between computer algebra systems and document preparation systems (2019)
0.02
0.016060803 = product of:
0.040152006 = sum of:
0.006092081 = weight(_text_:a in 5499) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.006092081 = score(doc=5499,freq=10.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.11394546 = fieldWeight in 5499, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5499)
0.034059923 = sum of:
0.0089308405 = weight(_text_:information in 5499) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0089308405 = score(doc=5499,freq=4.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.10971737 = fieldWeight in 5499, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5499)
0.025129084 = weight(_text_:22 in 5499) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.025129084 = score(doc=5499,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.15476047 = fieldWeight in 5499, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5499)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- Purpose Modern mathematicians and scientists of math-related disciplines often use Document Preparation Systems (DPS) to write and Computer Algebra Systems (CAS) to calculate mathematical expressions. Usually, they translate the expressions manually between DPS and CAS. This process is time-consuming and error-prone. The purpose of this paper is to automate this translation. This paper uses Maple and Mathematica as the CAS, and LaTeX as the DPS. Design/methodology/approach Bruce Miller at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed a collection of special LaTeX macros that create links from mathematical symbols to their definitions in the NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions (DLMF). The authors are using these macros to perform rule-based translations between the formulae in the DLMF and CAS. Moreover, the authors develop software to ease the creation of new rules and to discover inconsistencies. Findings The authors created 396 mappings and translated 58.8 percent of DLMF formulae (2,405 expressions) successfully between Maple and DLMF. For a significant percentage, the special function definitions in Maple and the DLMF were different. An atomic symbol in one system maps to a composite expression in the other system. The translator was also successfully used for automatic verification of mathematical online compendia and CAS. The evaluation techniques discovered two errors in the DLMF and one defect in Maple. Originality/value This paper introduces the first translation tool for special functions between LaTeX and CAS. The approach improves error-prone manual translations and can be used to verify mathematical online compendia and CAS.
- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einem Special Issue: Information Science in the German-speaking Countries.
- Source
- Aslib journal of information management. 71(2019) no.3, S.415-439
- Type
- a
-
Martins, A.L.; Souza, R.R.; Ribeiro de Mello, H.: ¬The use of noun phrases in information retrieval : proposing a mechanism for automatic classification (2014)
0.02
0.016023858 = product of:
0.04005964 = sum of:
0.008615503 = weight(_text_:a in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.008615503 = score(doc=1441,freq=20.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.16114321 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
4.472136 = tf(freq=20.0), with freq of:
20.0 = termFreq=20.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
0.03144414 = sum of:
0.006315058 = weight(_text_:information in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.006315058 = score(doc=1441,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.0775819 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
0.025129084 = weight(_text_:22 in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.025129084 = score(doc=1441,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.15476047 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- This paper presents a research on syntactic structures known as noun phrases (NP) being applied to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the mechanisms for the document's classification. Our hypothesis is the fact that the NP can be used instead of single words as a semantic aggregator to reduce the number of words that will be used for the classification system without losing its semantic coverage, increasing its efficiency. The experiment divided the documents classification process in three phases: a) NP preprocessing b) system training; and c) classification experiments. In the first step, a corpus of digitalized texts was submitted to a natural language processing platform1 in which the part-of-speech tagging was done, and them PERL scripts pertaining to the PALAVRAS package were used to extract the Noun Phrases. The preprocessing also involved the tasks of a) removing NP low meaning pre-modifiers, as quantifiers; b) identification of synonyms and corresponding substitution for common hyperonyms; and c) stemming of the relevant words contained in the NP, for similitude checking with other NPs. The first tests with the resulting documents have demonstrated its effectiveness. We have compared the structural similarity of the documents before and after the whole pre-processing steps of phase one. The texts maintained the consistency with the original and have kept the readability. The second phase involves submitting the modified documents to a SVM algorithm to identify clusters and classify the documents. The classification rules are to be established using a machine learning approach. Finally, tests will be conducted to check the effectiveness of the whole process.
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
- Type
- a
-
Tsujii, J.-I.: Automatic acquisition of semantic collocation from corpora (1995)
0.01
0.013826758 = product of:
0.034566894 = sum of:
0.009437811 = weight(_text_:a in 4709) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009437811 = score(doc=4709,freq=6.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.17652355 = fieldWeight in 4709, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4709)
0.025129084 = product of:
0.050258167 = sum of:
0.050258167 = weight(_text_:22 in 4709) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.050258167 = score(doc=4709,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16237405 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 4709, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4709)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Abstract
- Proposes automatic linguistic knowledge acquisition from sublanguage corpora. The system combines existing linguistic knowledge and human intervention with corpus based techniques. The algorithm involves a gradual approximation which works to converge linguistic knowledge gradually towards desirable results. The 1st experiment revealed the characteristic of this algorithm and the others proved the effectiveness of this algorithm for a real corpus
- Date
- 31. 7.1996 9:22:19
- Type
- a
-
Griffiths, A.; Luckhurst, H.C.; Willett, P.: Using interdocument similarity information in document retrieval systems (1986)
0.01
0.011645746 = product of:
0.029114366 = sum of:
0.013485395 = weight(_text_:a in 2415) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.013485395 = score(doc=2415,freq=4.0), product of:
0.053464882 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.25222903 = fieldWeight in 2415, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2415)
0.015628971 = product of:
0.031257942 = sum of:
0.031257942 = weight(_text_:information in 2415) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.031257942 = score(doc=2415,freq=4.0), product of:
0.08139861 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046368346 = queryNorm
0.3840108 = fieldWeight in 2415, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2415)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.4 = coord(2/5)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 37(1986) no.1, S.3-11
- Type
- a
