-
Kaske, N.K.: ¬A comparative study of subject searching in an OPAC among branch libraries of a university library system (1988)
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- Abstract
- The degree of variability in the percentage of subject searching in an online public access catalog (OPAC) among branch libraries of one university was studied. A full semester's worth of transactions was analyzed, not sampled. The time units used were hour of the day, day of the week, and week of the semester. The findings show that subject searching varies from a low of 22% to a high of 74% over the hours of a day. Variability for the days of the week ranged from 17% to 64%, and for the weeks of the semester variability ranged from 12% to 70%. Valuable management information on the utilization of the OPAC within each brach library and among all the branch libraries is provided through numerous charts and graphs.
- Source
- Information technology and libraries. 7(1988), S.359-372
- Type
- a
-
Carson, E.: OPACs: the user and subject access (1985)
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- Source
- Canadian library journal. 42(1985), S.65-70
- Type
- a
-
Hufford, J.R.: Use studies and OPACs (1991)
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- Abstract
- This article discusses the major catalog use studies that have been conducted in the United States and Great Britain. The potential to influence the construction of new online public access catalogs is emphasized. The cumulative findings could serve as an information base which designers of OPAC systems could refer to in the course of their work
- Source
- Technical services quarterly. 9(1991) no.1, S.57-70
- Type
- a
-
Sapa, R.: Zachowania informacy jne uzytkownika OPAC w Bibliotece Jagiellonskiej (1997)
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- Abstract
- Discusses the necessity of providing new methods of research into user information retrieval behaviour. Notes that the user using the catalogue via the Internet and communicating exclusively with the computer system, disappears from the librarian's direct view. Implementing adequate software facilities in some sense broadens research prospects and improves its quality. Describes research carried out at the Jagiellonian Library, Poland, into the extent of use of OPAC retrieval facilities, throught the application of software that records all information retrieval commands
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: OPAC user's information behaviours in Jagiellonian Library
- Source
- Zagadnienia informacji naukowej. 1997, no.2, S.70-79
- Type
- a
-
Schlacher, W.: Benützererwartung an die elektronische Bibliothek und Benützerzufriedenheit im Bereich Sacherschließung : Ergebnisse einer Umfrage an der Universitätsbibliothek Grza (1998)
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- Series
- Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie: Sonderh.70
- Type
- a
-
Gregory, K.; Groth, P.; Cousijn, H.; Scharnhorst, A.; Wyatt, S.: Searching data : a review of observational data retrieval practices in selected disciplines (2019)
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- Abstract
- A cross-disciplinary examination of the user behaviors involved in seeking and evaluating data is surprisingly absent from the research data discussion. This review explores the data retrieval literature to identify commonalities in how users search for and evaluate observational research data in selected disciplines. Two analytical frameworks, rooted in information retrieval and science and technology studies, are used to identify key similarities in practices as a first step toward developing a model describing data retrieval.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.5, S.419-432
- Type
- a
-
Micco, M.: ¬The next generation of online public access catalogs : a new look at subject access using hypermedia (1991)
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- Abstract
- Current online catalogs have problems providing reasonable subject access, often resulting in searches with too few or too many hits. These problems can be improved by enhancing MARC records, building semantic networks through cross-references, and linking subject headings to classification numbers. This paper describes a pilot project to design a hypertext search engine using these principles
- Content
- Dieser Beitrag enthält beispielsweise die Zahlen, daß 30% der Recherchen bei 0 Treffern landen, daß bei den verbleibenden 70% die durchschnittliche Trefferzahl bei 170 liegt, daß Benutzer durchschnittlich aber nur 7 Treffer genauer ansehen
- Footnote
- Simultaneously published as Enhancing Access to Information: Designing Catalogs for the 21st Century
- Type
- a
-
Spink, A.; Beatty, L.: Multiple search sessions by end-users of online catalogs and CD-ROM databases (1995)
0.09
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- Abstract
- Reports from a study investigating the extent to which academic end users conduct multiple search sessions, over time woth OPAC or CD-ROM databases at different stages of their information seeking related to a current research project. Interviews were conducted using a questionnaire with 200 academic end users at Rutgers University Alexander Library, NJ and University of North Texas, to investigate the occurrence of multiple search sessions. Results show that at the time of the survey interview, 57% of end users had conducted multiple search sessions during their research project and 86% of end users conducted their 1st search session at the beginning stage of their information seeking process. 49% of end users had conducted between 1 and 6 search sessions and 8% more than 6 search sessions. 70% of multiple search sessionss end users had modified their search terms since their 1st search session. Discusses the implications of the findings for end user training, information retrieval systems design and further research
- Imprint
- Medford, NJ : Learned Information
- Source
- Forging new partnerships in information: converging technologies. Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, ASIS'95, Chicago, IL, 9-12 October 1995. Ed.: T. Kinney
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Pedersen, J.: ¬A temporal comparison of AItaVista Web searching (2005)
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- Abstract
- Major Web search engines, such as AItaVista, are essential tools in the quest to locate online information. This article reports research that used transaction log analysis to examine the characteristics and changes in AItaVista Web searching that occurred from 1998 to 2002. The research questions we examined are (1) What are the changes in AItaVista Web searching from 1998 to 2002? (2) What are the current characteristics of AItaVista searching, including the duration and frequency of search sessions? (3) What changes in the information needs of AItaVista users occurred between 1998 and 2002? The results of our research show (1) a move toward more interactivity with increases in session and query length, (2) with 70% of session durations at 5 minutes or less, the frequency of interaction is increasing, but it is happening very quickly, and (3) a broadening range of Web searchers' information needs, with the most frequent terms accounting for less than 1% of total term usage. We discuss the implications of these findings for the development of Web search engines.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.6, S.559-570
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Booth, D.L.; Spink, A.: Patterns of query reformulation during Web searching (2009)
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- Abstract
- Query reformulation is a key user behavior during Web search. Our research goal is to develop predictive models of query reformulation during Web searching. This article reports results from a study in which we automatically classified the query-reformulation patterns for 964,780 Web searching sessions, composed of 1,523,072 queries, to predict the next query reformulation. We employed an n-gram modeling approach to describe the probability of users transitioning from one query-reformulation state to another to predict their next state. We developed first-, second-, third-, and fourth-order models and evaluated each model for accuracy of prediction, coverage of the dataset, and complexity of the possible pattern set. The results show that Reformulation and Assistance account for approximately 45% of all query reformulations; furthermore, the results demonstrate that the first- and second-order models provide the best predictability, between 28 and 40% overall and higher than 70% for some patterns. Implications are that the n-gram approach can be used for improving searching systems and searching assistance.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.7, S.1358-1371
- Type
- a
-
Vuong, T.; Saastamoinen, M.; Jacucci, G.; Ruotsalo, T.: Understanding user behavior in naturalistic information search tasks (2019)
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- Abstract
- Understanding users' search behavior has largely relied on the information available from search engine logs, which provide limited information about the contextual factors affecting users' behavior. Consequently, questions such as how users' intentions, task goals, and substances of the users' tasks affect search behavior, as well as what triggers information needs, remain largely unanswered. We report an experiment in which naturalistic information search behavior was captured by analyzing 24/7 continuous recordings of information on participants' computer screens. Written task diaries describing the participants' tasks were collected and used as real-life task contexts for further categorization. All search tasks were extracted and classified under various task categories according to users' intentions, task goals, and substances of the tasks. We investigated the effect of different task categories on three behavioral factors: search efforts, content-triggers, and application context. Our results suggest four findings: (i) Search activity is integrally associated with the users' creative processes. The content users have seen prior to searching more often triggers search, and is used as a query, within creative tasks. (ii) Searching within intellectual and creative tasks is more time-intensive, while search activity occurring as a part of daily routine tasks is associated with more frequent searching within a search task. (iii) Searching is more often induced from utility applications in tasks demanding a degree of intellectual effort. (iv) Users' leisure information-seeking activity is occurring inherently within social media services or comes from social communication platforms. The implications of our findings for information access and management systems are discussed.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.11, S.1248-1261
- Type
- a
-
McKay, D.; Chang, S.; Smith, W.; Buchanan, G.: ¬The things we talk about when we talk about browsing : an empirical typology of library browsing behavior (2019)
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- Abstract
- Libraries increasingly offer much of their collection online, rendering it invisible or unavailable to readers who, for reasons of information experience, prefer to browse the shelves. Although the evidence that shelf browsing is an important part of information behavior is increasing, information browsing as a behavior is somewhat of a black box (in contrast to web browsing, which is relatively well understood). It seems likely from early work that browsing is not, in fact, a monolithic behavior, but rather a set of behaviors and goals. The typologies presented in these works, however, are of a too high level to offer much insight into what support is needed for successful online browsing. In contrast, a recent spate of speculative browsing technologies meet some browsing needs, but offer little theoretical understanding of how systems support browsing. The major contribution of this article is a new typology of library browsing behavior based on recent observations of browsing behavior in libraries. The secondary contribution is an understanding of the interface features that would support these types of information browsers in an online environment.
- Footnote
- Part of a special issue for research on people's engagement with technology.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.12, S.1383-1394
- Type
- a
-
Wu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Tsai, Y.-H.R.; Yau, S.-T.: Investigating the role of eye movements and physiological signals in search satisfaction prediction using geometric analysis (2019)
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- Abstract
- Two general challenges faced by data analysis are the existence of noise and the extraction of meaningful information from collected data. In this study, we used a multiscale framework to reduce the effects caused by noise and to extract explainable geometric properties to characterize finite metric spaces. We conducted lab experiments that integrated the use of eye-tracking, electrodermal activity (EDA), and user logs to explore users' information-seeking behaviors on search engine result pages (SERPs). Experimental results of 1,590 search queries showed that the proposed strategies effectively predicted query-level user satisfaction using EDA and eye-tracking data. The bootstrap analysis showed that combining EDA and eye-tracking data with user behavior data extracted from user logs led to a significantly better linear model fit than using user behavior data alone. Furthermore, cross-user and cross-task validations showed that our methods can be generalized to different search engine users performing different preassigned tasks.
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einem 'Special issue on neuro-information science'.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.9, S.981-999
- Type
- a
-
Branch, J.L.: Investigating the information-seeking process of adolescents : the value of using think alouds and think afters (2000)
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- Source
- Library and information science research. 22(2000) no.4, S.371-382
- Type
- a
-
Liu, J.; Zhang, X.: ¬The role of domain knowledge in document selection from search results (2019)
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- Abstract
- It is a frequently seen scenario that when people are not familiar with their search topics, they use a simple keyword search, which leads to a large amount of search results in multiple pages. This makes it difficult for users to pick relevant documents, especially given that they are not knowledgeable of the topics. To explore how systems can better help users find relevant documents from search results, the current research analyzed document selection behaviors of users with different levels of domain knowledge (DK). Data were collected in a laboratory study with 35 participants each searching on four tasks in the genomics domain. The results show that users with high and low DK levels selected different sets of documents to view; those high in DK read more documents and gave higher relevance ratings for the viewed documents than those low in DK did. Users with low DK tended to select documents ranking toward the top of the search result lists, and those with high in DK tended to also select documents ranking down the search result lists. The findings help design search systems that can personalize search results to users with different levels of DK.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.11, S.1236-1247
- Type
- a
-
Yoo, E.-Y.; Robbins, L.S.: Understanding middle-aged women's health information seeking on the web : a theoretical approach (2008)
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- Date
- 9. 2.2008 17:52:22
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.4, S.577-590
- Type
- a
-
Nicholas, D.: ¬An assessment of the online searching behaviour of practitioner end users (1996)
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- Abstract
- The study set out to determine: (1) what were the searching characteristics of end-users in a non-academic environment and explain this in the light of their information needs; (2) whether these characteristics were those that were ascribed to end users in the professional literature; (3) whether they differed materially from those of information professionals working in the same fields. Searching characteristics were interpreted in their widest sense to include: command utilisation/knowledge; search success a satisfaction; volume of searching; searching style / approach; duration of searches; file selection; willingness to delegate and levels of training. These issues were explored in relation to 2 practitioner groups - journalists from he Guardian newspaper, and politicians from The House of Commons. Comparative data were also sought from information professionals in these 2 organisations. A mixture of social and statistical methods was used to monitor end-user and professional searching, though transactional log analysis was strongly featured. Altogether the searching behaviour of 170 end users was evaluated in the light of the searching behaviour of 70 librarians. The principal findings were that: in some respects end users did conform to the picture that information professionals have of them: they did seartch with a limited range of commands; more of their searches produced no results, and search statements were simplly constructed. But in other respects they confounded their image - they could be very quick and economical searchers, and they did not display meters of print-out. However, there were variations between individual end users, and it was often possible to find an end-user group that matched an information professional group on one aspect of online searching or another. The online behaviour of end users was very much related to their general information seeking behaviour; and to the fact that they were not trained
- Footnote
- Based upon a PhD dissertation: An assessment of stereotypical online searching behaviour: practitioner end users (City University, 1995)
- Type
- a
-
Pedretti, G.: ¬L'¬uso dei cataloghi in biblioteca (1996)
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- Abstract
- Reports an empirical study at the Queriniana Civic Library, Brescia, of interaction betwee researchers and printed catalogues during bibliographic data retrieval. The study sought to ascertain frequency of catalogue use; research success rate and time taken; and to identify user profiles. Data were obtained by a mixture of questionnaires, interviews and direct observation. Findings showed that 64% of the catalogue users were female; 70% were aged 19-30; 65% were university students or had good school grades; and hardly any were working class. University students preferred keyword access. 50% or all searches were successful. Most search failures related to subject catalogues, which usually required more time. Provides statistics on time spent in research
- Type
- a
-
Meadow, C.T.: Speculations on the measurement and use of user characteristics in information retrieval experimentation (1994)
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- Abstract
- Presents a recently composite view of several user studies in information retrieval. Contains personal conclusions and speculations based on these studies, rather than formal statistical results, which so often are not comparable from 1 experiment to another. Suggests a taxonomy of user characteristics for such studies, in order to make results comparable. Discusses methods and effects of user training, then manner of expression of a query or information need, conduct of a search, use of the system command language or its equivalent, analysis by the user of retrieved information, and user satisfaction with outcome. Concludes with suggestions for system design and experimental methodology
- Source
- Canadian journal of information and library science. 19(1994) no.4, S.1-22
- Type
- a
-
Tomney, H.; Burton, P.F.: Electronic journals : a case study of usage and attitudes among academics (1998)
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- Abstract
- Reports results of a questionnaire survey to assess the attitudes of scholarly users towards electronic journals and examines the current level of use of these publications by university academics in 2 departments in each of 5 faculties of a UK university
- Date
- 22. 5.1999 19:07:29
- Source
- Journal of information science. 24(1998) no.6, S.419-429
- Type
- a
