Search (39 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

Human beings are information omnivores: we are constantly collecting, labeling, and organizing data. But today, the shift from the physical to the digital is mixing, burning, and ripping our lives apart. In the past, everything had its one place--the physical world demanded it--but now everything has its places: multiple categories, multiple shelves. Simply put, everything is suddenly miscellaneous. In Everything Is Miscellaneous, David Weinberger charts the new principles of digital order that are remaking business, education, politics, science, and culture. In his rollicking tour of the rise of the miscellaneous, he examines why the Dewey decimal system is stretched to the breaking point, how Rand McNally decides what information not to include in a physical map (and why Google Earth is winning that battle), how Staples stores emulate online shopping to increase sales, why your children's teachers will stop having them memorize facts, and how the shift to digital music stands as the model for the future in virtually every industry. Finally, he shows how by "going miscellaneous," anyone can reap rewards from the deluge of information in modern work and life. From A to Z, Everything Is Miscellaneous will completely reshape the way you think--and what you know--about the world.

Footnote

Rez. in: Publishers Weekly. May 2007: "In a high-minded twist on the Internet-has-changed-everything book, Weinberger (Small Pieces Loosely Joined) joins the ranks of social thinkers striving to construct new theories around the success of Google and Wikipedia. Organization or, rather, lack of it, is the key: the author insists that "we have to get rid of the idea that there's a best way of organizing the world." Building on his earlier works' discussions of the Internet-driven shift in power to users and consumers, Weinberger notes that "our homespun ways of maintaining order are going to break-they're already breaking-in the digital world." Today's avalanche of fresh information, Weinberger writes, requires relinquishing control of how we organize pretty much everything; he envisions an ever-changing array of "useful, powerful and beautiful ways to make sense of our world." Perhaps carried away by his thesis, the author gets into extended riffs on topics like the history of classification and the Dewey Decimal System. At the point where readers may want to turn his musings into strategies for living or doing business, he serves up intriguing but not exactly helpful epigrams about "the third order of order" and "useful miscellaneousness." But the book's call to embrace complexity will influence thinking about "the newly miscellanized world.""

LCSH

Knowledge management
Information technology / Management
Personal information management
Information resources management

Subject

Knowledge management
Information technology / Management
Personal information management
Information resources management

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Classification

006.7 22

Date

7. 3.2007 19:30:22

DDC

006.7 22

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.3, S.457-458 (A.M.A. Ahmad): "The concept of the semantic web has emerged because search engines and text-based searching are no longer adequate, as these approaches involve an extensive information retrieval process. The deployed searching and retrieving descriptors arc naturally subjective and their deployment is often restricted to the specific application domain for which the descriptors were configured. The new era of information technology imposes different kinds of requirements and challenges. Automatic extracted audiovisual features are required, as these features are more objective, domain-independent, and more native to audiovisual content. This book is a useful guide for researchers, experts, students, and practitioners; it is a very valuable reference and can lead them through their exploration and research in multimedia content and the semantic web. The book is well organized, and introduces the concept of the semantic web and multimedia content analysis to the reader through a logical sequence from standards and hypotheses through system examples, presenting relevant tools and methods. But in some chapters readers will need a good technical background to understand some of the details. Readers may attain sufficient knowledge here to start projects or research related to the book's theme; recent results and articles related to the active research area of integrating multimedia with semantic web technologies are included. This book includes full descriptions of approaches to specific problem domains such as content search, indexing, and retrieval. This book will be very useful to researchers in the multimedia content analysis field who wish to explore the benefits of emerging semantic web technologies in applying multimedia content approaches. The first part of the book covers the definition of the two basic terms multimedia content and semantic web. The Moving Picture Experts Group standards MPEG7 and MPEG21 are quoted extensively. In addition, the means of multimedia content description are elaborated upon and schematically drawn. This extensive description is introduced by authors who are actively involved in those standards and have been participating in the work of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/MPEG for many years. On the other hand, this results in bias against the ad hoc or nonstandard tools for multimedia description in favor of the standard approaches. This is a general book for multimedia content; more emphasis on the general multimedia description and extraction could be provided.
The final part of the book discusses research in multimedia content management systems and the semantic web, and presents examples and applications for semantic multimedia analysis in search and retrieval systems. These chapters describe example systems in which current projects have been implemented, and include extensive results and real demonstrations. For example, real case scenarios such as ECommerce medical applications and Web services have been introduced. Topics in natural language, speech and image processing techniques and their application for multimedia indexing, and content-based retrieval have been elaborated upon with extensive examples and deployment methods. The editors of the book themselves provide the readers with a chapter about their latest research results on knowledge-based multimedia content indexing and retrieval. Some interesting applications for multimedia content and the semantic web are introduced. Applications that have taken advantage of the metadata provided by MPEG7 in order to realize advance-access services for multimedia content have been provided. The applications discussed in the third part of the book provide useful guidance to researchers and practitioners properly planning to implement semantic multimedia analysis techniques in new research and development projects in both academia and industry. A fourth part should be added to this book: performance measurements for integrated approaches of multimedia analysis and the semantic web. Performance of the semantic approach is a very sophisticated issue and requires extensive elaboration and effort. Measuring the semantic search is an ongoing research area; several chapters concerning performance measurement and analysis would be required to adequately cover this area and introduce it to readers."

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2003, held in Trondheim, Norway in August 2003. The 39 revised full papers and 8 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on uses, users, and user interfaces; metadata applications; annotation and recommendation; automatic classification and indexing; Web technologies; topical crawling and subject gateways; architectures and systems; knowledge organization; collection building and management; information retrieval; digital preservation; and indexing and searching of special documents and collection information.

Content

Inhalt: Uses, Users, and User Interaction Metadata Applications - Semantic Browsing / Alexander Faaborg, Carl Lagoze Annotation and Recommendation Automatic Classification and Indexing - Cross-Lingual Text Categorization / Nuria Bel, Cornelis H.A. Koster, Marta Villegas - Automatic Multi-label Subject Indexing in a Multilingual Environment / Boris Lauser, Andreas Hotho Web Technologies Topical Crawling, Subject Gateways - VASCODA: A German Scientific Portal for Cross-Searching Distributed Digital Resource Collections / Heike Neuroth, Tamara Pianos Architectures and Systems Knowledge Organization: Concepts - The ADEPT Concept-Based Digital Learning Environment / T.R. Smith, D. Ancona, O. Buchel, M. Freeston, W. Heller, R. Nottrott, T. Tierney, A. Ushakov - A User Evaluation of Hierarchical Phrase Browsing / Katrina D. Edgar, David M. Nichols, Gordon W. Paynter, Kirsten Thomson, Ian H. Witten - Visual Semantic Modeling of Digital Libraries / Qinwei Zhu, Marcos Andre Gongalves, Rao Shen, Lillian Cassell, Edward A. Fox Collection Building and Management Knowledge Organization: Authorities and Works - Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR / Christian Monch, Trond Aalberg Information Retrieval in Different Application Areas Digital Preservation Indexing and Searching of Special Document and Collection Information

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Abstract

A practical approach to developing and operating an effective programme to manage hybrid records within an organization. This title positions records management as an integral business function linked to the organisation's business aims and objectives. The authors also address the records requirements of new and significant pieces of legislation, such as data protection and freedom of information, as well as exploring strategies for managing electronic records. Bullet points, checklists and examples assist the reader throughout, making this a one-stop resource for information in this area.

Footnote

1. Aufl. u.d.T.: Developing a records management programme

LCSH

Records / Management

Subject

Records / Management

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Abstract

Unternehmen sehen sich heutzutage regelmäßig der Herausforderung gegenübergestellt, aus umfangreichen Mengen an Dokumenten schnell relevante Informationen zu identifizieren. Dabei zeigt sich jedoch, dass Suchverfahren, die lediglich syntaktische Abgleiche von Informationsbedarfen mit potenziell relevanten Dokumenten durchführen, häufig nicht die an sie gestellten Erwartungen erfüllen. Viel versprechendes Potenzial bietet hier der Einsatz von Ontologien für das Information Retrieval. Beim ontologiebasierten Information Retrieval werden Ontologien eingesetzt, um Wissen in einer Form abzubilden, die durch Informationssysteme verarbeitet werden kann. Eine Berücksichtigung des so explizierten Wissens durch Suchalgorithmen führt dann zu einer optimierten Deckung von Informationsbedarfen. Jan Hermans stellt in seinem Buch ein adaptives Referenzmodell für die Entwicklung von ontologiebasierten Information Retrieval-Systemen vor. Zentrales Element seines Modells ist die einsatzkontextspezifische Adaption des Retrievalprozesses durch bewährte Techniken, die ausgewählte Aspekte des ontologiebasierten Information Retrievals bereits effektiv und effizient unterstützen. Die Anwendung des Referenzmodells wird anhand eines Fallbeispiels illustriert, bei dem ein Information Retrieval-System für die Suche nach Open Source-Komponenten entwickelt wird. Das Buch richtet sich gleichermaßen an Dozenten und Studierende der Wirtschaftsinformatik, Informatik und Betriebswirtschaftslehre sowie an Praktiker, die die Informationssuche im Unternehmen verbessern möchten. Jan Hermans, Jahrgang 1978, studierte Wirtschaftsinformatik an der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität in Münster. Seit 2003 war er als Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am European Research Center for Information Systems der WWU Münster tätig. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte lagen in den Bereichen Wissensmanagement und Information Retrieval. Im Mai 2008 erfolgte seine Promotion zum Doktor der Wirtschaftswissenschaften.

Series

Advances in information systems and management science; 39

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Classification

ST 270 [Informatik # Monographien # Software und -entwicklung # Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme]

Footnote

CIR Concepts - Interactive information retrieval: Bringing the user to a selection state, von Charles Cole et al. (Montréal), konzentriert sich auf den kognitiven Aspekt von Benutzern bei der Interaktion mit den bzw. der Reaktion auf die vom IR-System ausgesandten Stimuli; "selection" bezieht sich dabei auf die Auswahl, die das System den Benutzern abverlangt und die zur Veränderung ihrer Wissensstrukturen beiträgt. - Cognitive overlaps along the polyrepresentation continuum, von Birger Larsen und Peter Ingwersen (Kopenhagen), beschreibt einen auf Ingwersens Principle of Polyrepresentation beruhenden methodischen Ansatz, der dem IR-System ein breiteres Bild des Benutzers bzw. der Dokumente vermittelt als dies bei herkömmlichen, lediglich anfragebasierten Systemen möglich ist. - Integrating approaches to relevance, von Ian Ruthven (Glasgow), analysiert den Relevanzbegriff und schlägt anstelle des gegenwärtig in IR-Systemverwendeten, eindimensionalen Relevanzkonzepts eine multidimensionale Sichtweise vor. - New cognitive directions, von Nigel Ford (Sheffield), führt neue Begriffe ein: Ford schlägt anstelle von information need und information behaviour die Alternativen knowledge need und knowledge behaviour vor.
CIR Processes - A multitasking framework for cognitive information retrieval, von Amanda Spink und Charles Cole (Australien/Kanada), sieht - im Gegensatz zu traditionellen Ansätzen - die simultane Bearbeitung verschiedener Aufgaben (Themen) während einer Informationssuche als den Normalfall an und analysiert das damit verbundene Benutzerverhalten. - Explanation in information seeking and retrieval, von Pertti Vakkari und Kalervo Järvelin (Tampere), plädiert anhand zweier empirischer Untersuchungen für die Verwendung des aufgabenorientierten Ansatzes ("task") in der IR-Forschung, gerade auch als Bindeglied zwischen nicht ausreichend mit einander kommunizierenden Disziplinen (Informationswissenschaft, Informatik, diverse Sozialwissenschaften). - Towards an alternative information retrieval system for children, von Jamshid Beheshti et al. (Montréal), berichtet über den Stand der IR-Forschung für Kinder und schlägt vor, eine Metapher aus dem Sozialkonstruktivismus (Lernen als soziales Verhandeln) als Gestaltungsprinzip für einschlägige IR-Systeme zu verwenden. CIR Techniques - Implicit feedback: using behavior to infer relevance, von Diane Kelly (North Carolina), setzt sich kritisch mit den Techniken zur Analyse des von Benutzern von IR-Systemen geäußerten Relevance-Feedbacks - explizit und implizit - auseinander. - Educational knowledge domain visualizations, von Peter Hook und Katy Börner (Indiana), beschreibt verschiedene Visualisierungstechniken zur Repräsentation von Wissensgebieten, die "Novizen" bei der Verwendung fachspezifischer IR-Systeme unterstützen sollen. - Learning and training to search, von Wendy Lucas und Heikki Topi (Massachusetts), analysiert, im breiteren Kontext der Information- Seeking-Forschung, Techniken zur Schulung von Benutzern von IRSystemen.

RVK

ST 270 [Informatik # Monographien # Software und -entwicklung # Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme]

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LCSH

Knowledge management
Information technology / Management
Personal information management
Information resources management

Subject

Knowledge management
Information technology / Management
Personal information management
Information resources management

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Abstract

Das Werk behandelt die aktuellen Entwicklungen zur inhaltlichen Erschließung von Informationsquellen im Internet. Topic Maps, semantische Modelle vernetzter Informationsressourcen unter Verwendung von XML bzw. HyTime, bieten alle notwendigen Modellierungskonstrukte, um Dokumente im Internet zu klassifizieren und ein assoziatives, semantisches Netzwerk über diese zu legen. Neben Einführungen in XML, XLink, XPointer sowie HyTime wird anhand von Einsatzszenarien gezeigt, wie diese neuartige Technologie für Content Management und Information Retrieval im Internet funktioniert. Der Entwurf einer Abfragesprache wird ebenso skizziert wie der Prototyp einer intelligenten Suchmaschine. Das Buch zeigt, wie Topic Maps den Weg zu semantisch gesteuerten Suchprozessen im Internet weisen.

RSWK

Content Management / Semantisches Netz / HyTime
Content Management / Semantisches Netz / XML

Subject

Content Management / Semantisches Netz / HyTime
Content Management / Semantisches Netz / XML

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Abstract

Many information professionals working in small units today fail to find the published tools for subject-based organization that are appropriate to their local needs, whether they are archivists, special librarians, information officers, or knowledge or content managers. Large established standards for document description and organization are too unwieldy, unnecessarily detailed, or too expensive to install and maintain. In other cases the available systems are insufficient for a specialist environment, or don't bring things together in a helpful way. A purpose built, in-house system would seem to be the answer, but too often the skills necessary to create one are lacking. This practical text examines the criteria relevant to the selection of a subject-management system, describes the characteristics of some common types of subject tool, and takes the novice step by step through the process of creating a system for a specialist environment. The methodology employed is a standard technique for the building of a thesaurus that incidentally creates a compatible classification or taxonomy, both of which may be used in a variety of ways for document or information management. Key areas covered are: What is a thesaurus? Tools for subject access and retrieval; what a thesaurus is used for? Why use a thesaurus? Examples of thesauri; the structure of a thesaurus; thesaural relationships; practical thesaurus construction; the vocabulary of the thesaurus; building the systematic structure; conversion to alphabetic format; forms of entry in the thesaurus; maintaining the thesaurus; thesaurus software; and; the wider environment. Essential for the practising information professional, this guide is also valuable for students of library and information science.

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Abstract

Extracting content from text continues to be an important research problem for information processing and management. Approaches to capture the semantics of text-based document collections may be based on Bayesian models, probability theory, vector space models, statistical models, or even graph theory. As the volume of digitized textual media continues to grow, so does the need for designing robust, scalable indexing and search strategies (software) to meet a variety of user needs. Knowledge extraction or creation from text requires systematic yet reliable processing that can be codified and adapted for changing needs and environments. This book will draw upon experts in both academia and industry to recommend practical approaches to the purification, indexing, and mining of textual information. It will address document identification, clustering and categorizing documents, cleaning text, and visualizing semantic models of text.

Classification

ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme

RVK

ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme

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Abstract

The Architecture of Cyberspace is aimed at students taking information management as a minor in their course as well as those who manage document collections but who are not professional librarians. The first part of this book looks at how users find documents and the problems they have; the second part discusses how to manage the information space using various tools such as classification and controlled vocabularies. It also explores the general issues of publishing, including legal considerations, as well the main issues of creating and managing archives. Supported by exercises and discussion questions at the end of each chapter, the book includes some sample assignments suitable for use with students of this subject. A glossary is also provided to help readers understand the specialised vocabulary and the key concepts in the design and assessment of information spaces.

LCSH

Information resources management

Subject

Information resources management

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Classification

ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme

RVK

ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme

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Classification

ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme

RVK

ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2007, held in Budapest, Hungary, in September 2007. The 36 revised full papers presented together with the extended abstracts of 36 revised poster, demo papers and 2 panel descriptions were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 153 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ontologies, digital libraries and the web, models, multimedia and multilingual DLs, grid and peer-to-peer, preservation, user interfaces, document linking, information retrieval, personal information management, new DL applications, and user studies.

Content

Inhalt u.a.: Ontologies - Ontology-Based Question Answering for Digital Libraries / Stephan Bloehdorn, Philipp Cimiano, Alistair Duke, Peter Haase, Jörg Heizmann, Ian Thurlow and Johanna Völker Digital libraries and the Web Models Multimedia and multilingual DLs - Roadmap for MultiLingual Information Access in the European Library / Maristella Agosti, Martin Braschler, Nicola Ferro, Carol Peters and Sjoerd Siebinga Grid and peer-to-peer Preservation User interfaces Document linking Information retrieval - Thesaurus-Based Feedback to Support Mixed Search and Browsing Environments / Edgar Meij and Maarten de Rijke - Extending Semantic Matching Towards Digital Library Contexts / László Kovács and András Micsik Personal information management New DL applications User studies

LCSH

Database management

Subject

Database management

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Date

23. 3.2008 19:10:22

Footnote

In 13 chapters, Part Two provides an introduction to KDD, an overview of data mining techniques, and examples of the usefulness of data model visualizations. The importance of visualization throughout the KDD process is stressed in many of the chapters. In particular, the need for measures of visualization effectiveness, benchmarking for identifying best practices, and the use of standardized sample data sets is convincingly presented. Many of the important data mining approaches are discussed in this complementary context. Cluster and outlier detection, classification techniques, and rule discovery algorithms are presented as the basic techniques common to the KDD process. The potential effectiveness of using visualization in the data modeling process are illustrated in chapters focused an using visualization for helping users understand the KDD process, ask questions and form hypotheses about their data, and evaluate the accuracy and veracity of their results. The 11 chapters of Part Three provide an overview of the KDD process and successful approaches to integrating KDD, data mining, and visualization in complementary domains. Rhodes (Chapter 21) begins this section with an excellent overview of the relation between the KDD process and data mining techniques. He states that the "primary goals of data mining are to describe the existing data and to predict the behavior or characteristics of future data of the same type" (p. 281). These goals are met by data mining tasks such as classification, regression, clustering, summarization, dependency modeling, and change or deviation detection. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how visualization can aid users in the interactive process of knowledge discovery by graphically representing the results from these iterative tasks. Finally, examples of the usefulness of integrating visualization and data mining tools in the domain of business, imagery and text mining, and massive data sets are provided. This text concludes with a thorough and useful 17-page index and lengthy yet integrating 17-page summary of the academic and industrial backgrounds of the contributing authors. A 16-page set of color inserts provide a better representation of the visualizations discussed, and a URL provided suggests that readers may view all the book's figures in color on-line, although as of this submission date it only provides access to a summary of the book and its contents. The overall contribution of this work is its focus an bridging two distinct areas of research, making it a valuable addition to the Morgan Kaufmann Series in Database Management Systems. The editors of this text have met their main goal of providing the first textbook integrating knowledge discovery, data mining, and visualization. Although it contributes greatly to our under- standing of the development and current state of the field, a major weakness of this text is that there is no concluding chapter to discuss the contributions of the sum of these contributed papers or give direction to possible future areas of research. "Integration of expertise between two different disciplines is a difficult process of communication and reeducation. Integrating data mining and visualization is particularly complex because each of these fields in itself must draw an a wide range of research experience" (p. 300). Although this work contributes to the crossdisciplinary communication needed to advance visualization in KDD, a more formal call for an interdisciplinary research agenda in a concluding chapter would have provided a more satisfying conclusion to a very good introductory text.

Series

Morgan Kaufmann series in data management systems

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Content

- Information Domains & Concepts Michal Golinski: Use, but verify Mohammad Nazim, Bhaskar Mukherjee: Problems and prospects of implementing knowledge management in university libraries: A case study of Banaras Hindu University Library System Daniela Becks, Julia Maria Schulz: Domänenübergreifende Phrasenextraktion mithilfe einer lexikonunabhängigen Analysekomponente Wolfram Sperber, Bernd Wegner: Content Analysis in der Mathematik: Erschließung und Retrieval mathematischer Publikationen Jürgen Reischer: Das Konzept der Informativität - Information Society Joseph Adjei, Peter Tobbin: Identification Systems Adoption in Africa; The Case of Ghana Alexander Botte, Marc Rittberger, Christoph Schindler: Virtuelle Forschungsumgebungen Rainer Kuhlen: Der Streit um die Regelung des Zweitveröffentlichungsrechts im Urheberrecht - E-Learning / Social Media Marketing Tobias Fries, Sebastian Boosz, Andreas Henrich: Integrating industrial partners into e-teaching efforts Christopher Stehr, Melanie Hiller: E-Learningkurs Globalisierung Manuel Burghardt, Markus Heckner, Tim Schneidermeier, Christian Wolff: Social-Media-Marketing im Hochschulbereich

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Classification

ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme

RVK

ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme

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LCSH

Knowledge management

Subject

Knowledge management

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Classification

ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme

RVK

ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme

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Classification

ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme

RVK

ST 270 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme