Search (46 results, page 1 of 3)

  • × theme_ss:"Retrievalalgorithmen"
  • × year_i:[1990 TO 2000}
  1. Efthimiadis, E.N.: User choices : a new yardstick for the evaluation of ranking algorithms for interactive query expansion (1995) 0.06
    0.063451454 = product of:
      0.09517717 = sum of:
        0.032236047 = weight(_text_:management in 5697) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.032236047 = score(doc=5697,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.18620178 = fieldWeight in 5697, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5697)
        0.06294113 = sum of:
          0.02814634 = weight(_text_:system in 5697) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.02814634 = score(doc=5697,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.16177002 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                0.051362853 = queryNorm
              0.17398985 = fieldWeight in 5697, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5697)
          0.03479479 = weight(_text_:22 in 5697) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03479479 = score(doc=5697,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.17986396 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.051362853 = queryNorm
              0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 5697, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5697)
      0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
    
    Abstract
    The performance of 8 ranking algorithms was evaluated with respect to their effectiveness in ranking terms for query expansion. The evaluation was conducted within an investigation of interactive query expansion and relevance feedback in a real operational environment. Focuses on the identification of algorithms that most effectively take cognizance of user preferences. user choices (i.e. the terms selected by the searchers for the query expansion search) provided the yardstick for the evaluation of the 8 ranking algorithms. This methodology introduces a user oriented approach in evaluating ranking algorithms for query expansion in contrast to the standard, system oriented approaches. Similarities in the performance of the 8 algorithms and the ways these algorithms rank terms were the main focus of this evaluation. The findings demonstrate that the r-lohi, wpq, enim, and porter algorithms have similar performance in bringing good terms to the top of a ranked list of terms for query expansion. However, further evaluation of the algorithms in different (e.g. full text) environments is needed before these results can be generalized beyond the context of the present study
    Date
    22. 2.1996 13:14:10
    Source
    Information processing and management. 31(1995) no.4, S.605-620
  2. Srinivasan, P.: Query expansion and MEDLINE (1996) 0.05
    0.0493965 = product of:
      0.07409475 = sum of:
        0.051577676 = weight(_text_:management in 8453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.051577676 = score(doc=8453,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.29792285 = fieldWeight in 8453, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=8453)
        0.022517072 = product of:
          0.045034144 = sum of:
            0.045034144 = weight(_text_:system in 8453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.045034144 = score(doc=8453,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.16177002 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.051362853 = queryNorm
                0.27838376 = fieldWeight in 8453, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=8453)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
    
    Abstract
    Evaluates the retrieval effectiveness of query expansion strategies on a test collection of the medical database MEDLINE using Cornell University's SMART retrieval system. Tests 3 expansion strategies for their ability to identify appropriate MeSH terms for user queries. Compares retrieval effectiveness using the original unexpanded and the alternative expanded user queries on a collection of 75 queries and 2.334 Medline citations. Recommends query expansions using retrieval feedback for adding MeSH search terms to a user's initial query
    Source
    Information processing and management. 32(1996) no.4, S.431-443
  3. Reddaway, S.: High speed text retrieval from large databases on a massively parallel processor (1991) 0.03
    0.03438512 = product of:
      0.10315535 = sum of:
        0.10315535 = weight(_text_:management in 7745) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.10315535 = score(doc=7745,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.5958457 = fieldWeight in 7745, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=7745)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information processing and management. 27(1991), S.311-316
  4. Ciocca, G.; Schettini, R.: ¬A relevance feedback mechanism for content-based image retrieval (1999) 0.03
    0.030086977 = product of:
      0.09026093 = sum of:
        0.09026093 = weight(_text_:management in 6498) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.09026093 = score(doc=6498,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.521365 = fieldWeight in 6498, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6498)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information processing and management. 35(1999) no.5, S.605-632
  5. Koyama, M.: ¬A fast retrieving algorithm of hierarchical relationships using tree structures (1998) 0.03
    0.030086977 = product of:
      0.09026093 = sum of:
        0.09026093 = weight(_text_:management in 6403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.09026093 = score(doc=6403,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.521365 = fieldWeight in 6403, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6403)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information processing and management. 34(1998) no.6, S.761-763
  6. Lee, J.H.: Combining the evidence of different relevance feedback methods for information retrieval (1998) 0.03
    0.030086977 = product of:
      0.09026093 = sum of:
        0.09026093 = weight(_text_:management in 6469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.09026093 = score(doc=6469,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.521365 = fieldWeight in 6469, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6469)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information processing and management. 34(1998) no.6, S.681-691
  7. Cole, C.: Intelligent information retrieval: diagnosing information need : Part I: the theoretical framework for developing an intelligent IR tool (1998) 0.03
    0.02578884 = product of:
      0.077366516 = sum of:
        0.077366516 = weight(_text_:management in 6431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.077366516 = score(doc=6431,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.44688427 = fieldWeight in 6431, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6431)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information processing and management. 34(1998) no.6, S.709-720
  8. Cole, C.: Intelligent information retrieval: diagnosing information need : Part II: uncertainty expansion in a prototype of a diagnostic IR tool (1998) 0.03
    0.02578884 = product of:
      0.077366516 = sum of:
        0.077366516 = weight(_text_:management in 6432) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.077366516 = score(doc=6432,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.44688427 = fieldWeight in 6432, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6432)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information processing and management. 34(1998) no.6, S.721-731
  9. Loughran, H.: ¬A review of nearest neighbour information retrieval (1994) 0.02
    0.021490699 = product of:
      0.064472094 = sum of:
        0.064472094 = weight(_text_:management in 616) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.064472094 = score(doc=616,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.37240356 = fieldWeight in 616, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=616)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information management report. 1994, August, S.11-14
  10. Hüther, H.: Selix im DFG-Projekt Kascade (1998) 0.02
    0.021490699 = product of:
      0.064472094 = sum of:
        0.064472094 = weight(_text_:management in 5151) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.064472094 = score(doc=5151,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.37240356 = fieldWeight in 5151, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5151)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Knowledge Management und Kommunikationssysteme: Proceedings des 6. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI '98) Prag, 3.-7. November 1998 / Hochschulverband für Informationswissenschaft (HI) e.V. Konstanz ; Fachrichtung Informationswissenschaft der Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken. Hrsg.: Harald H. Zimmermann u. Volker Schramm
  11. Burgin, R.: ¬The retrieval effectiveness of 5 clustering algorithms as a function of indexing exhaustivity (1995) 0.02
    0.020980377 = product of:
      0.06294113 = sum of:
        0.06294113 = sum of:
          0.02814634 = weight(_text_:system in 3365) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.02814634 = score(doc=3365,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.16177002 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                0.051362853 = queryNorm
              0.17398985 = fieldWeight in 3365, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3365)
          0.03479479 = weight(_text_:22 in 3365) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03479479 = score(doc=3365,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.17986396 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.051362853 = queryNorm
              0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 3365, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3365)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Abstract
    The retrieval effectiveness of 5 hierarchical clustering methods (single link, complete link, group average, Ward's method, and weighted average) is examined as a function of indexing exhaustivity with 4 test collections (CR, Cranfield, Medlars, and Time). Evaluations of retrieval effectiveness, based on 3 measures of optimal retrieval performance, confirm earlier findings that the performance of a retrieval system based on single link clustering varies as a function of indexing exhaustivity but fail ti find similar patterns for other clustering methods. The data also confirm earlier findings regarding the poor performance of single link clustering is a retrieval environment. The poor performance of single link clustering appears to derive from that method's tendency to produce a small number of large, ill defined document clusters. By contrast, the data examined here found the retrieval performance of the other clustering methods to be general comparable. The data presented also provides an opportunity to examine the theoretical limits of cluster based retrieval and to compare these theoretical limits to the effectiveness of operational implementations. Performance standards of the 4 document collections examined were found to vary widely, and the effectiveness of operational implementations were found to be in the range defined as unacceptable. Further improvements in search strategies and document representations warrant investigations
    Date
    22. 2.1996 11:20:06
  12. Uratani, N.; Takeda, M.: ¬A fast string-searching algorithm for multiple patterns (1993) 0.02
    0.01719256 = product of:
      0.051577676 = sum of:
        0.051577676 = weight(_text_:management in 6275) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.051577676 = score(doc=6275,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.29792285 = fieldWeight in 6275, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6275)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.6, S.775-791
  13. Smith, M.; Smith, M.P.; Wade, S.J.: Applying genetic programming to the problem of term weight algorithms (1995) 0.02
    0.01719256 = product of:
      0.051577676 = sum of:
        0.051577676 = weight(_text_:management in 5803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.051577676 = score(doc=5803,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.29792285 = fieldWeight in 5803, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5803)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    New review of document and text management. 1995, no.1, S.101-110
  14. Smith, M.P.; Pollitt, S.A.: ¬A comparison of ranking formulae and their ranks (1995) 0.02
    0.015043489 = product of:
      0.045130465 = sum of:
        0.045130465 = weight(_text_:management in 5802) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.045130465 = score(doc=5802,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.2606825 = fieldWeight in 5802, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5802)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    New review of document and text management. 1995, no.1, S.85-100
  15. Paris, L.A.H.; Tibbo, H.R.: Freestyle vs. Boolean : a comparison of partial and exact match retrieval systems (1998) 0.02
    0.015043489 = product of:
      0.045130465 = sum of:
        0.045130465 = weight(_text_:management in 3329) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.045130465 = score(doc=3329,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.17312427 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051362853 = queryNorm
            0.2606825 = fieldWeight in 3329, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.3706124 = idf(docFreq=4130, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3329)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Source
    Information processing and management. 34(1998) nos.2/3, S.175-190
  16. Gauch, S.; Smith, J.B.: ¬An expert system for automatic query reformation (1993) 0.01
    0.014893645 = product of:
      0.044680934 = sum of:
        0.044680934 = product of:
          0.08936187 = sum of:
            0.08936187 = weight(_text_:system in 3693) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.08936187 = score(doc=3693,freq=14.0), product of:
                0.16177002 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.051362853 = queryNorm
                0.5524007 = fieldWeight in 3693, product of:
                  3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
                    14.0 = termFreq=14.0
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3693)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Abstract
    Unfamiliarity with search tactics creates difficulties for many users of online retrieval systems. User observations indicate that even experienced searchers use vocabulary incorrectly and rarely reformulate their queries. To address these problems, an expert system for online search assistance was developed. This prototype automatically reformulates queries to improve the search results, and ranks the retrieved passages to speed the identification of relevant information. User's search performance using the expert system was compared with their search performance using an online thesaurus. The following conclusions were reached: (1) the expert system significantly reduced the number of queries necessary to find relevant passages compared with the user searching alone or with the thesaurus. (2) The expert system produced marginally significant improvements in precision compared with the user searching on their own. There was no significant difference in the recall achieved by the three system configurations. (3) Overall, the expert system ranked relevant passages above irrelevant passages
  17. Frants, V.I.; Shapiro, J.: Control and feedback in a documentary information retrieval system (1991) 0.01
    0.013000239 = product of:
      0.039000716 = sum of:
        0.039000716 = product of:
          0.07800143 = sum of:
            0.07800143 = weight(_text_:system in 416) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.07800143 = score(doc=416,freq=6.0), product of:
                0.16177002 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.051362853 = queryNorm
                0.48217484 = fieldWeight in 416, product of:
                  2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                    6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=416)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Abstract
    Addresses the problem of control in documentary information retrieval systems is analysed and it is shown why an IR system has to be looked at as an adaptive system. The algorithms of feedback are proposed and it is shown how they depend on the type of the collection of documents: static (no change in the collection between searches) and dynamic (when the change occurs between searches). The proposed algorithms are the basis for the development of the fully automated information retrieval systems
  18. Hofferer, M.: Heuristic search in information retrieval (1994) 0.01
    0.013000239 = product of:
      0.039000716 = sum of:
        0.039000716 = product of:
          0.07800143 = sum of:
            0.07800143 = weight(_text_:system in 1070) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.07800143 = score(doc=1070,freq=6.0), product of:
                0.16177002 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.051362853 = queryNorm
                0.48217484 = fieldWeight in 1070, product of:
                  2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                    6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1070)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Abstract
    Describes an adaptive information retrieval system: Information Retrieval Algorithm System (IRAS); that uses heuristic searching to sample a document space and retrieve relevant documents according to users' requests; and also a learning module based on a knowledge representation system and an approximate probabilistic characterization of relevant documents; to reproduce a user classification of relevant documents and to provide a rule controlled ranking
  19. Liddy, E.D.; Paik, W.; McKenna, M.; Yu, E.S.: ¬A natural language text retrieval system with relevance feedback (1995) 0.01
    0.011375209 = product of:
      0.034125626 = sum of:
        0.034125626 = product of:
          0.06825125 = sum of:
            0.06825125 = weight(_text_:system in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.06825125 = score(doc=3131,freq=6.0), product of:
                0.16177002 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.051362853 = queryNorm
                0.42190298 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
                  2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                    6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Abstract
    Outlines a fully integrated retrieval engine that processes documents and queries at the multiple, complex linguistic levels that humans use to construe meaning. Currently undergoing beta site trials, the DR-LINK natural language text retrieval system allows searchers to state queries as fully formed, natural sentences. The meaning and matching of both queries and documents is accomplished at the conceptual level of human expression, not by the simple concurrence of keywords. Furthermore, the natural browsing behaviour of information searchers is accomodated by allowing documents identified as potentially relevant by the explicit semantics of the system to be used as relevance feedback queries which provide an appropriate implicit semantic representation of the information seeker's need
  20. Beaulieu, M.; Jones, S.: Interactive searching and interface issues in the Okapi best match probabilistic retrieval system (1998) 0.01
    0.011375209 = product of:
      0.034125626 = sum of:
        0.034125626 = product of:
          0.06825125 = sum of:
            0.06825125 = weight(_text_:system in 430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.06825125 = score(doc=430,freq=6.0), product of:
                0.16177002 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.051362853 = queryNorm
                0.42190298 = fieldWeight in 430, product of:
                  2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                    6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                  3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=430)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    
    Abstract
    Explores interface design raised by the development and evaluation of Okapi, a highly interactive information retrieval system based on a probabilistic retrieval model with relevance feedback. It uses terms frequency weighting functions to display retrieved items in a best match ranked order; it can also find additional items similar to those marked as relevant by the searcher. Compares the effectiveness of automatic and interactive query expansion in different user interface environments. focuses on the nature of interaction in information retrieval and the interrelationship between functional visibility, the user's cognitive loading and the balance of control between user and system