Search (6 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

In this book, Ronald Day offers a critical history of the modern tradition of documentation. Focusing on the documentary index (understood as a mode of social positioning), and drawing on the work of the French documentalist Suzanne Briet, Day explores the understanding and uses of indexicality. He examines the transition as indexes went from being explicit professional structures that mediated users and documents to being implicit infrastructural devices used in everyday information and communication acts. Doing so, he also traces three epistemic eras in the representation of individuals and groups, first in the forms of documents, then information, then data. Day investigates five cases from the modern tradition of documentation. He considers the socio-technical instrumentalism of Paul Otlet, "the father of European documentation" (contrasting it to the hermeneutic perspective of Martin Heidegger); the shift from documentation to information science and the accompanying transformation of persons and texts into users and information; social media's use of algorithms, further subsuming persons and texts; attempts to build android robots -- to embody human agency within an information system that resembles a human being; and social "big data" as a technique of neoliberal governance that employs indexing and analytics for purposes of surveillance. Finally, Day considers the status of critique and judgment at a time when people and their rights of judgment are increasingly mediated, displaced, and replaced by modern documentary techniques.

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Abstract

Originally published in 1979 as a title in the Outlines of Modern Librarianship' series this new edition has been expanded and updated in the light of recent developments in this rapidly developing field of librarianship, with particular reference to automation. As a consequence, this edition is substantially more than an outline of the subject. The authors take the reader through a comprehensive exposition of cataloguing - the definitions, arrangement and role of the catalogue: the history of its development; standardization and AACR2; the subject approach via pre-and post-coordinate indexing; analysis; filing rules and methods; the physical forms of the catalogue; the use of the computer in cataloguing; the role of networks; the management of cataloguing; and the relevance of book indexing. There is a detailed index, as well as a list of abbreviations and acronyms and a glossary of terms.

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Abstract

After 25 years of service, this professional text has been updated in line with developments in the field of library science. Since the seventh edition of this standard text was published in 1985, there have been changes in virtually every area of bibliographic control. "AACR2 Revised" (AACR2R) has been implemented; new editions of or supplements to LCSH, LC classification, and DDC, and "Sears" have appeared; OCLC has adopted the PRISM format; and networking and online catalogues have become a way of life. Taylor addresses these and other changes in this edition. Consequently, many chapters of this text are entirely new, such as "Cataloguing in Context" and "Subject Arrangement of Library Materials", or fully revised such as "Development of Cataloguing Codes", which has been expanded to show the continuity in the development leading to publication of AACR2R. Two appendices have been added: an introduction to USMARC format and instructions for typing catalogue cards, including a detailed analysis of the punctuation and spacing to be used when conforming to the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD).

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Abstract

Aimed at students and professionals within Library and Information Services (LIS), this book is about the power and potential of ontologies to enhance the electronic search process. The book will compare search strategies and results in the current search environment and demonstrate how these could be transformed using ontologies and concept searching. Simple descriptions, visual representations, and examples of ontologies will bring a full understanding of how these concept maps are constructed to enhance retrieval through natural language queries. Readers will gain a sense of how ontologies are currently being used and how they could be applied in the future, encouraging them to think about how their own work and their users' search experiences could be enhanced by the creation of a customized ontology. Key Features Written by a librarian, for librarians (most work on ontologies is written and read by people in computer science and knowledge management) Written by a librarian who has created her own ontology and performed research on its capabilities Written in easily understandable language, with concepts broken down to the basics The Author Ms. King is the Information Specialist at the Center on Media and Child Health at Children's Hospital Boston. She is a graduate of Smith College (B.A.) and Simmons College (M.L.I.S.). She is an active member of the Special Libraries Association, and was the recipient of the 2005 SLA Innovation in Technology Award for the creation of a customized media effects ontology used for semantic searching. Readership The book is aimed at practicing librarians and information professionals as well as graduate students of Library and Information Science. Contents Introduction Part 1: Understanding Ontologies - organising knowledge; what is an ontology? How are ontologies different from other knowledge representations? How are ontologies currently being used? Key concepts Ontologies in semantic search - determining whether a search was successful; what does semantic search have to offer? Semantic techniques; semantic searching behind the scenes; key concepts Creating an ontology - how to create an ontology; key concepts Building an ontology from existing components - choosing components; customizing your knowledge structure; key concepts Part 2: Semantic Technologies Natural language processing - tagging parts of speech; grammar-based NLP; statistical NLP; semantic analysis,; current applications of NLP; key concepts Using metadata to add semantic information - structured languages; metadata tagging; semantic tagging; key concepts Other semantic capabilities - semantic classification; synsets; topic maps; rules and inference; key concepts Part 3: Case Studies: Theory into Practice Biogen Idec: using semantics in drug discovery research - Biogen Idec's solution; the future The Center on Media and Child Health: using an ontology to explore the effects of media - building the ontology; choosing the source; implementing and comparing to Boolean search; the future Partners HealthCare System: semantic technologies to improve clinical decision support - the medical appointment; partners healthcare system's solution; lessons learned; the future MINDSWAP: using ontologies to aid terrorism; intelligence gathering - building, using and maintaining the ontology; sharing information with other experts; future plans Part 4: Advanced Topics Languages for expressing ontologies - XML; RDF; OWL; SKOS; Ontology language features - comparison chart Tools for building ontologies - basic criteria when evaluating ontologies Part 5: Transitions to the Future

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 62(2009) H.2, S.92-96 (O. Oberhauser): "... Ein kurzes Fazit: Ein lesenswertes Buch, das insbesondere jenen, die sich bislang noch nicht mit Ontologien und semantischen Techniken befasst haben, einen nützlichen ersten Einblick zu geben vermag. Nichts hingegen für Spezialisten, denn der Text kann auf den verfügbaren Seiten an keiner Stelle wirklich in die Tiefe gehen. Insbesondere die beiden ersten Hauptabschnitte sind auch als Lehrtext gut geeignet, selbst wenn an verschiedenen Stellen die Präzision zu wünschen übrig lässt. Gar zu nonchalant wird hier nämlich mit Grundbegriffen der Wissensorganisation umgegangen - z.B. wird der Informationsthesaurus nicht ausreichend vom Synonymenwörterbuch (Roget's) abgegrenzt, Klassifikationssysteme werden durchweg als Taxonomien (mit reduziertem Anspruchsniveau) verkauft. Und: zum Themenbereich "automatisches Klassifizieren" fällt den Autorinnen lediglich das reichlich angestaubte System Scorpion von OCLC ein. Mit diesen kleinen Einschränkungen kann das Werk aber durchaus empfohlen werden. Der Ladenpreis ist natürlich für Studierende bzw. persönliche Käufer zu hoch, doch das Buch wird wohl ohnedies vornehmlich institutionelle Abnehmer finden."

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Date

24. 8.2016 14:03:22

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Content

1. An Introduction to Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) - Arlene G. Taylor (1-20) 2. An Introduction to Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD) - Glenn E. Patton (21-28) 3. Understanding the Relationship between FRBR and FRAD - Glenn E. Patton (29-34) 4. FRBR and the History of Cataloging - William Denton (35-58) 5. The Impact of Research on the Development of FRBR - Edward T. O'Neill (59-72) 6. Bibliographic Families and Superworks - Richard P. Smiraglia (73-86) 7. FRBR and RDA (Resource Description and Access) - Barbara B. Tillett (87-96) 8. FRBR and Archival Materials - Alexander C. Thurman (97-102) 9. FRBR and Works of Art, Architecture, and Material Culture - Murtha Baca and Sherman Clarke (103-110) 10. FRBR and Cartographic Materials - Mary Lynette Larsgaard (111-116) 11. FRBR and Moving Image Materials - Martha M. Yee (117-130) 12. FRBR and Music - Sherry L. Vellucci (131-152) 13. FRBR and Serials - Steven C. Shadle (153-174)