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Abstract

Many information professionals working in small units today fail to find the published tools for subject-based organization that are appropriate to their local needs, whether they are archivists, special librarians, information officers, or knowledge or content managers. Large established standards for document description and organization are too unwieldy, unnecessarily detailed, or too expensive to install and maintain. In other cases the available systems are insufficient for a specialist environment, or don't bring things together in a helpful way. A purpose built, in-house system would seem to be the answer, but too often the skills necessary to create one are lacking. This practical text examines the criteria relevant to the selection of a subject-management system, describes the characteristics of some common types of subject tool, and takes the novice step by step through the process of creating a system for a specialist environment. The methodology employed is a standard technique for the building of a thesaurus that incidentally creates a compatible classification or taxonomy, both of which may be used in a variety of ways for document or information management. Key areas covered are: What is a thesaurus? Tools for subject access and retrieval; what a thesaurus is used for? Why use a thesaurus? Examples of thesauri; the structure of a thesaurus; thesaural relationships; practical thesaurus construction; the vocabulary of the thesaurus; building the systematic structure; conversion to alphabetic format; forms of entry in the thesaurus; maintaining the thesaurus; thesaurus software; and; the wider environment. Essential for the practising information professional, this guide is also valuable for students of library and information science.

Footnote

Weitere Rez. in: New Library World 108(2007) nos.3/4, S.190-191 (K.V. Trickey): "Vanda has provided a very useful work that will enable any reader who is prepared to follow her instruction to produce a thesaurus that will be a quality language-based subject access tool that will make the task of information retrieval easier and more effective. Once again I express my gratitude to Vanda for producing another excellent book." - Electronic Library 24(2006) no.6, S.866-867 (A.G. Smith): "Essential thesaurus construction is an ideal instructional text, with clear bullet point summaries at the ends of sections, and relevant and up to date references, putting thesauri in context with the general theory of information retrieval. But it will also be a valuable reference for any information professional developing or using a controlled vocabulary." - KO 33(2006) no.4, S.215-216 (M.P. Satija)

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Abstract

"British Librarianship and Information Work 1986-1990" continues a series which has run for more than 60 years. It began, in 1928 as the annual "Year's Work in Librarianship", changed from 1951 to "Five Years' Work in Librarianship" and, with the volume for 1966-1970, took on its present title. The series has established itself as an important record of professional activity and thought, through its comprehensive reviews of most aspects of information and library work. It is valuable to those who wish to keep up to date professionally, noting current developments and trends. It will be equally useful for those researchers and students who in the future need to look back historically on the events and achivements of each quinquennium. This issue follows closely the contents and style of its immediate predecessor "British librarianship and information Work 1981-1985", being in two volumes, one covering general libraries and the library information profession, and the other being concerned with special libraries, materials and processes. All the topics in the previous volume are included, except for the chapter on Buildings and Equipment, the contents of which have been incorporated into other chapters. All the contributors were asked to describe the last five years' major events and publications in their fields, and, generally, to limit their contributions to about 7,500 words, with no restriction on the number of bibliographical references. All authors were requested to tackle their subjects thoroughly while conforming to their own personal and individual styles. No attempt has been made to impose an overall editorial style, or to avoid the duplication which results from writers covering specific, but inevitably overlapping, areas of interest. Cross references have not been inserted in the text from chapter to chapter, where duplication occurs, but a detailed subject index provides for readers wishing to approach the review with an interest in any specific area or topic. A separate list of acronyms and abbreviations appears in each volume, representing all such entries identified in both volumes.

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Abstract

According to Paul Levinson, it would be improper to portray information technology as the cause of change in our world. However, Levinson clarifies that its role in enabling change can hardly be overestimated. He also points out--through riveting examples--that inventions have unintended consequences and uses. Why is it, for example, that the move from polytheism to monotheism failed when attempted by the pharaoh Ikhnaton, yet took solid root among the Hebrews who were taken out of Egypt by Moses only about 150 years later? Levinson argues that communication technology played a key role: The awkward Egyptian hieroglyphics failed to carry the ideology as well as the Hebrew alphabetic system. From there, Levinson examines the early social changes that became possible because of what the author calls "the first digital medium"--the alphabet. He considers how the Reformation, economic and political movements, and the scientific revolution were largely enabled by the printing press. He then discusses the influence of photographic communications and electronic technology such as the telegraph, the telephone, and broadcasting. Levinson devotes the second half of the book to our present digital revolution, from word processing to the Internet and beyond. One of his key points is that new technology doesn't necessarily displace the old so much as it expands it. Therefore, he doesn't see any end to using paper anytime soon. However, he sees great need for changes in the way we view creative rights. He proposes what he calls an"electronic watermark" for intellectual property--a universal patent number that will be embedded in intellectual property and will notify users in any medium of the property's creators. Levinson puts forth his ideas in a manner that is both formal and engaging. He has a knack for making his reader feel intelligent and respected--and never more so than when he looks at issues of ethics and a speculative future.

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Date

22. 2.2008 14:21:53

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Footnote

Rez.: Journal of librarianship and information science 29(1997) no.3, S.164-165 (J.H. Bowman)