Search (227 results, page 1 of 12)

  • × theme_ss:"Benutzerstudien"
  1. Peters, H.J.: User reactions to PRECIS indexes (1981) 0.18 
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    Theme
    Preserved Context Index System (PRECIS)
  2. Larson, R.R.: ¬The decline of subject searching : long-term trends and patterns of index use in an online catalog (1991) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    Search index usage in a large university online catalog system over a six-year period (representing about 15,3 million searches) was investigated using transaction monitor data. Mathematical models of trends and patterns in the data were developed and tested using regression techniques. The results of the analyses show a consistent decline in the frequency of subject index use by online catalog users, with a corresponding increase in the frequency of title keyword searching. Significant annual patterns in index usage were also identified. Analysis of the transaction data, and related previous studies of online catalog users, suggest a number of factors contributing to the decline in subject search frequency. Chief among these factors are user difficulties in formulating subject queries with LCSH, leading to search failure, and the problem of "information overload" as database size increases. This article presents the models and results of the transaction log analysis, discusses the underlying problems with subject searching contributing to the observed decline, and reviews some proposed improvements to online catalog systems to aid in overcoming these problems
  3. Wallace, P.M.: Periodical title searching in online catalogues (1997) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    Reports on a dramatic shift from subject to periodical title searching at Colorado University Libraries. States possible reasons for the change, examines problems encountered by users with searching the periodical title index and suggests how this change in online catalogue searching may affect future catalogue design and bibliographic instruction
    Date
    29. 7.1998 10:57:22
  4. Drabenstott, K.M.; Simcox, S.; Fenton, E.G.: End-user understanding of subject headings in library catalogs (1999) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    n this article, we report on the first large-scale study of end-user understanding of subject headings. Our objectives were to determine the extent to which children and adults understood subdivided subject headings and to suggest improvements for improving understanding of subject headings. The 1991 Library of Congress Subject Subdivisions Conference suggested standardizing the order of subject subdivisions for the purpose of simplifying subject cataloging, which served as the impetus for the study. We demonstrated that adults understood subject headings better than children; however, both adults and children assigned correct meanings to less than half of the subject headings they examined. Neither subject heading context nor subdivision order had an effect on understanding. Based on our findings, we challenge the library community to make major changes to the Library of Congress Subject Headings system that have the potential to increase end-user understanding of subject headings.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
  5. Kim, J.: Describing and predicting information-seeking behavior on the Web (2009) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    This study focuses on the task as a fundamental factor in the context of information seeking. The purpose of the study is to characterize kinds of tasks and to examine how different kinds of task give rise to different kinds of information-seeking behavior on the Web. For this, a model for information-seeking behavior was used employing dimensions of information-seeking strategies (ISS), which are based on several behavioral dimensions. The analysis of strategies was based on data collected through an experiment designed to observe users' behaviors. Three tasks were assigned to 30 graduate students and data were collected using questionnaires, search logs, and interviews. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data identified 14 distinct information-seeking strategies. The analysis showed significant differences in the frequencies and patterns of ISS employed between three tasks. The results of the study are intended to facilitate the development of task-based information-seeking models and to further suggest Web information system designs that support the user's diverse tasks.
    Date
    22. 3.2009 18:54:15
  6. Chen, H.-M.; Cooper, M.D.: Stochastic modeling of usage patterns in a Web-based information system (2002) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Users move from one state (or task) to another in an information system's labyrinth as they try to accomplish their work, and the amount of time they spend in each state varies. This article uses continuous-time stochastic models, mainly based on semi-Markov chains, to derive user state transition patterns (both in rates and in probabilities) in a Web-based information system. The methodology was demonstrated with 126,925 search sessions drawn from the transaction logs of the University of California's MELVYL® library catalog system (www.melvyLucop.edu). First, user sessions were categorized into six groups based on their similar use of the system. Second, by using a three-layer hierarchical taxonomy of the system Web pages, user sessions in each usage group were transformed into a sequence of states. All the usage groups but one have third-order sequential dependency in state transitions. The sole exception has fourth-order sequential dependency. The transition rates as well as transition probabilities of the semi-Markov model provide a background for interpreting user behavior probabilistically, at various levels of detail. Finally, the differences in derived usage patterns between usage groups were tested statistically. The test results showed that different groups have distinct patterns of system use. Knowledge of the extent of sequential dependency is beneficial because it allows one to predict a user's next move in a search space based on the past moves that have been made. It can also be used to help customize the design of the user interface to the system to facilitate interaction. The group CL6 labeled "knowledgeable and sophisticated usage" and the group CL7 labeled "unsophisticated usage" both had third-order sequential dependency and had the same most-frequently occurring search pattern: screen display, record display, screen display, and record display. The group CL8 called "highly interactive use with good search results" had fourth-order sequential dependency, and its most frequently occurring pattern was the same as CL6 and CL7 with one more screen display action added. The group CL13, called "known-item searching" had third-order sequential dependency, and its most frequently occurring pattern was index access, search with retrievals, screen display, and record display. Group CL14 called "help intensive searching," and CL18 called "relatively unsuccessful" both had thirdorder sequential dependency, and for both groups the most frequently occurring pattern was index access, search without retrievals, index access, and again, search without retrievals.
  7. Ensor, P.: User characteristics of keyword searching in an OPAC (1992) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Keyword and Boolean searching modes are now becoming more commonly available on OPACs, and questions have arisen regarding their use by library patrons. Which patrons use keyword searching, and which do not? This study attempts to begin providing answers to this question in the context of an academic library that uses Northwestern Online Total Integrated System (NOTIS) online catalog
  8. Ensor, P.: User practices in keyword and Boolean searching on an online public access catalog (1992) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Keyword and Boolean searching modes are now becoming more commonly available on online public access catalogs, and questions have arisen regarding their use by library patrons. How difficult do users perceive these searches to be? Do those who use them tend to rely on them all the time to the exclusion of all other methods? This study attempts to provide answers to these questions in the context of an academic library that uses the Northwestern Online Total Integrated System Online catalog
  9. Hancock-Beaulieu, M.; Robertson, S.; Neilson, C.: Evaluation of online catalogues : eliciting information from the user (1991) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    An investigation of tools, techniques, and methods for the evaluation of interactive library catalogues is described, with emphasis on diagnostic methods and on use of the catalogue in a wider context of user information seeking behaviour. A front-end system (Olive) was developed to test verious enhancements of traditional transaction logging as a data-gathering technique for evaluation purposes. These include full-screen logging, pre- and post-search, online/offline, and in-search interactive questionnaires, search replys as well as talk-aloud. The extent of subject or hybrid searching activity as opposed to specific item searching is also highlighted
  10. Solomon, P.: Access to fiction for children : a user-based assessment of options and opportunities (1997) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Reports on a study of children's intentions, purposes, search terms, strategies, successes and breakdowns in accessing fiction. Data was gathered using naturalistic methods of persistent, intensive observation and questioning with children in several school library media centres in the USA, including 997 OPAC transactions. Analyzes the data and highlights aspects of the broader context of the system which may help in development of mechanisms for electronic access
  11. Koch, T.; Golub, K.; Ardö, A.: Users browsing behaviour in a DDC-based Web service : a log analysis (2006) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    This study explores the navigation behaviour of all users of a large web service, Renardus, using web log analysis. Renardus provides integrated searching and browsing access to quality-controlled web resources from major individual subject gateway services. The main navigation feature is subject browsing through the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) based on mapping of classes of resources from the distributed gateways to the DDC structure. Among the more surprising results are the hugely dominant share of browsing activities, the good use of browsing support features like the graphical fish-eye overviews, rather long and varied navigation sequences, as well as extensive hierarchical directory-style browsing through the large DDC system.
    Footnote
    Beitrag in einem Themenheft "Moving beyond the presentation layer: content and context in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) System"
  12. Markey, K.: Twenty-five years of end-user searching : part 2: future research directions (2007) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    This is the second part of a two-part article that examines 25 years of published research findings on end-user searching of online information retrieval (IR) systems. In Part 1, it was learned that people enter a few short search statements into online IR systems. Their searches do not resemble the systematic approach of expert searchers who use the full range of IR-system functionality. Part 2 picks up the discussion of research findings about end-user searching in the context of current information retrieval models. These models demonstrate that information retrieval is a complex event, involving changes in cognition, feelings, and/or events during the information seeking process. The author challenges IR researchers to design new studies of end-user searching, collecting data not only on system-feature use, but on multiple search sessions and controlling for variables such as domain knowledge expertise and expert system knowledge. Because future IR systems designers are likely to improve the functionality of online IR systems in response to answers to the new research questions posed here, the author concludes with advice to these designers about retaining the simplicity of online IR system interfaces.
  13. Andersson, R.; Holst, E.: Indexes and other depictions of fictions : a new model for analysis empirically tested (1996) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    In this study descriptions of a novel by 100 users at 2 Swedish public libraries, Malmö and Molndal, Mar-Apr 95, were compared to the index terms used for the novels at these libraries. Describes previous systems for fiction indexing, the 2 libraries, and the users interviewed. Compares the AMP system with their own model. The latter operates with terms under the headings phenomena, frame and author's intention. The similarities between the users' and indexers' descriptions were sufficiently close to make it possible to retrieve fiction in accordance with users' wishes in Molndal, and would have been in Malmö, had more books been indexed with more terms. Sometimes the similarities were close enough for users to retrieve fiction on their own
  14. Gremett, P.: Utilizing a user's context to improve search results (2006) 0.03 
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    Date
    22. 7.2006 18:17:44
  15. Cole, C.; Leide, J.E.: Using the user's mental model to guide the integration of information space into information need (2003) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    The study reported here tested the efficacy of an information retrieval system output summary and visualization scheme for undergraduates taking a Vietnam War history who were in Kuhlthau's Stage 3 of researching a history essay. The visualization scheme consisted of (a) the undergraduate's own visualization of his or her essay topic, drawn by the student an the bottom half of a sheet of paper, and (b) a visualization of the information space (determined by index term counting) an the tophalf of the same page. To test the visualization scheme, students enrolled in a Vietnam War history course were randomly assigned to either the visualization scheme group, who received a high recall search output, or the nonvisualization group, who received a high precision search output. The dependent variable was the mark awarded the essay by the course instructor. There was no significant difference between the mean marks for the two groups. We were pleasantly surprised with this result given the bad reputation of high recall as a practical search strategy. We hypothesize that a more proactive visualization system is needed that takes the student through the process of using the visualization scheme, including steps that induce student cognition about task-subject objectives.
  16. Liddy, E.D.; Jorgensen, C.: Modelling information seeking behaviours in index use (1993) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Part of a larger study which aims to: empirically investigate book-index usage, behaviours, and the extent to which specific print index features affect a user's search for information; and to examine these features in an electronic environment and to determine the optimum specifications for indexes in electronic texts by gathering evidence from a controlled user study. Provides an overview of the research project, focusing on a subset of the results from the study of hard-copy book indexes. Describes observable behaviours of a sample of users when consulting different variations of a hard copy book index. Suggests a preliminary model at 3 levels of abstraction repressing users' behaviours when using a book index
  17. Berger, M.; Moore, M.J.: ¬The user meets the MELVYL system (1996) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Reports on a study carried out by the Division of Library Automation, University of California, into the characteristics of use and the success rates of users searching the MELVYL Catalog and Ten-Year databases. Examines a series of user sessions extracted randomly from the MELVYL transaction log and developing a profile of online system use. 1.444 sessions were chosen from 11-17 Apr 92. 3 levels of use were examined: the individual command, the search objective, and the session. Details the findings, and discusses their design implications
    Date
    29. 1.1996 12:21:39
  18. Park, I.: ¬A comparative study of major OPACs in selected academic libraries for developing countries : user study and subjective user evaluation (1997) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Provides information on the characteristics of 5 online catalogue systems in 5 academic libraries in the austin, Texas and North Texas, USA, and their use by Korean students at University of North Texas, USA, in order to assist system managers in the selection of online catalogues. Proposes recommendations when designing, adopting, or managing a new online catalogue system. Topics for further studies on the characteristics of online systems and their use are also suggested
    Source
    International information and library review. 29(1997) no.1, S.67-83
  19. Haas, S.W.: Improving the search environment : informed decision making in the search for statistical information (2003) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    A search for information can be viewed as a series of decisions made by the searcher. Two dimensions of the search environment affect a user's decisions: the user's knowledge, and the configuration of the information retrieval system. Drawing an previous findings an users' lack of search or domain knowledge, this article investigates what the user needs to know to make informed search decisions at the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Web site, which provides statistical information an labor and related topics. Its extensive Web site is a rich collection of statistical information, ranging from individual statistics such as the current Consumer Price Index (CM), to a [arge statistical database called LABSTAT that can be queried to construct a tabie or time series an the fly. Two models of the search environment and the query process in LABSTAT are presented. They provide complementary views of the decision points at which help may be needed, and also suggest useful help content. Extensive examples based an the industry concept illustrate how the information could assist users' search decisions. The article concludes with a discussion of the role of help facilities in Web searching, and the interesting question of how to initiate the provision of help.
  20. Byström, K.: Information seekers in context : an analysis of the 'doer' in INSU studies (1999) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    In information needs, seeking and use (INSU) research, individuals have most commonly been perceived as users (e.g., Kuhlthau, 1991; Dervin & Nilan, 1986; Dervin, 1989; Belkin, 1980). The concept user originates from the user of libraries and other information services and information systems. Over the years the scope of the concept has become wider and it is nowadays often understood in the sense of seekers of information (e.g., Wilson, 1981; Marchionini, 1995) and users of information (e.g., Streatfield, 1983). Nevertheless, the concept has remained ambiguous by being on the one hand universal and on the other hand extremely specific. The purpose of this paper is to map and evaluate views on people whose information behaviour has been in one way or another the core of our research area. The goal is to shed some light on various relationships between the different aspects of doers in INSU studies. The paper is inspired by Dervin's (1997) analysis of context where she identified among other themes the nature of subject by contrasting a `transcendental individual' with a `decentered subject', and Talja's (1997) presentation about constituting `information' and `user' from the discourse analytic viewpoint as opposed to the cognitive viewpoint. Instead of the metatheoretical approach applied by Dervin and Talja, a more concrete approach is valid in the present analysis where no direct arguments for or against the underlying metatheories are itemised. The focus is on doers in INSU studies leaving other, even closely-related concepts (i.e., information, information seeking, knowledge etc.), outside the scope of the paper.
    Date
    22. 3.2002 9:55:52

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