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Abstract

Der Beitrag beschreibt eine Usability-Studie zur Evaluation eines betrieblichen IntranetAngebots zum Thema Multimediales Lernen. Es wurde eine mehrstufige, kombinierte Evaluation durchgeführt eine heuristische Evaluation mit den neu entwickelten Heuristicsfor Web Communication als expertenorientierte Methode und ein Produkttest (Benutzertest) im Usability-Labor mit der Methode des lauten Denkens als benutzerorientierte Methode. Die Durchführung der Studie wird beschrieben und die Methoden diskutiert. Die Heuristics for Web Communication benötigen geschulte Gutachter, sind schnell und einfach anzuwenden und unterstützen ein systematisches Vorgehen beim Entdecken von Usability-Problemen. Die Evaluation mit den Heuristiken ist gut kombinierbar mit einem Benutzertest und ergänzt ihn, indem sie Usability-Probleme aufdeckt, die in Produkttests vermutlich nicht gefunden werden. Der Aufwand für den Produkttest ist sehr hoch, er liefert anschauliche und aussagekräftige Aussagen von echten Nutzern und rechtfertigt unter Umständen den Aufwand

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Abstract

An intranet is a private online site, similar to a website, that provides proprietary information over an organization or group's internal network. The popularity of intranets in organizations has followed the growth of the World Wide Web. Intranets are also being developed by groups of individuals independent of any organization but with a common interest or mission. Developing a successful intranet requires a clear mission and vision, a knowledgeable and competent administration, and a well-organized team including people from various disciplines.

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Abstract

The Intranet has been hailed as the solution to organizational technology issues as far reaching as faster information systems development, access to legacy system data, integration of incompatible systems, and progress toward the "paperless office." Moreover, intranets enable work-flow management and project management and are a platform for process redesign. Yet possibly the most far-reaching impact of the Intranet is an organizational knowledge. Intranets are providing institutions and organizations with opportunities to create knowledge. A large proportion of the pioneers are high-technology companies making use of intranets for knowledge-intensive new product development. Intranets enable community expertise to develop, as engineers brainstorm and give each other feedback in discussion groups and share product specifications and product test result queries. The scope of interest in intranets is evidenced by diverse articles and applications in the medical, legal, engineering, training, travel, technical, computer-related, and manufacturing industries. Although some definitions restrict intranets to internal information an internal webs accessed exclusively by internal users, in this article, we adopt a broader definition that includes customers and suppliers in the extended enterprise [also called an "Extranet"] and industrywide applications. Thus, an intranet is a "powerful tool for institution-wide communications, collaborative projects, and the establishment of a sense of community an a manageable scale". Despite the fact that many organizations have adopted the Intranet with great enthusiasm and there has been an avalanche of Web and journalistic articles an the Intranet since the end of 1995, theoretical research has been lacking. Evidence of the business value of the Intranet has been convincing but largely anecdotal. In addition, negative reports have surfaced an hidden costs, performance limitations, and organizational resistance. Such issues have been researched with political theories that explain how some constituents gain and others lose when there is organizational change associated with information technology (IT) implementation. Organizational learning theories also explain such contradictions by examining what affects the creation, integration, and management of knowledge and the facilitation of organizational memory. For example, the theory of organizational knowledge creation posits that autonomy, intention, redundancy, fluctuation and creative chaos, and requisite variety are conditions that induce the transfer of tacit and explicit knowledge in a spiral from individual to group, to organization levels. The findings from this analysis of reported implementations of intranets generate a theoretically based model relating organizational kowledge to the Intranet phenomenon. We extend the inductive concepts by analyzing example of enabling conditions and organizational knowledge creation modes an intranets, using Nonaka's theory of organizational knowledge creation as a guide. Our contribution is to develop a theoretical understanding of the Intranet phenomenon, with an initial framework to guide further conceptual and empirical research an the impacts and business value of the Intranet and to present implications for information systems (IS) developers, IS departments, management, and researchers.