Search (10 results, page 1 of 1)

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Date

22. 3.2015 9:30:24

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Abstract

I examine what would be necessary to move part-of-speech tagging performance from its current level of about 97.3% token accuracy (56% sentence accuracy) to close to 100% accuracy. I suggest that it must still be possible to greatly increase tagging performance and examine some useful improvements that have recently been made to the Stanford Part-of-Speech Tagger. However, an error analysis of some of the remaining errors suggests that there is limited further mileage to be had either from better machine learning or better features in a discriminative sequence classifier. The prospects for further gains from semisupervised learning also seem quite limited. Rather, I suggest and begin to demonstrate that the largest opportunity for further progress comes from improving the taxonomic basis of the linguistic resources from which taggers are trained. That is, from improved descriptive linguistics. However, I conclude by suggesting that there are also limits to this process. The status of some words may not be able to be adequately captured by assigning them to one of a small number of categories. While conventions can be used in such cases to improve tagging consistency, they lack a strong linguistic basis.

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Abstract

Als Extraktionssysteme wurden der TreeTagger und die Indexierungssoftware Lingo verwendet. Der TreeTagger basiert auf einem statistischen Tagging- und Chunking- Algorithmus, mit dessen Hilfe NPs automatisch identifiziert und extrahiert werden. Er kann für verschiedene Anwendungsszenarien der natürlichen Sprachverarbeitung eingesetzt werden, in erster Linie als POS-Tagger für unterschiedliche Sprachen. Das Indexierungssystem Lingo arbeitet im Gegensatz zum TreeTagger mit elektronischen Wörterbüchern und einem musterbasierten Abgleich. Lingo ist ein auf automatische Indexierung ausgerichtetes System, was eine Vielzahl von Modulen mitliefert, die individuell auf eine bestimmte Aufgabenstellung angepasst und aufeinander abgestimmt werden können. Die unterschiedlichen Verarbeitungsweisen haben sich in den Ergebnismengen beider Systeme deutlich gezeigt. Die gering ausfallenden Übereinstimmungen der Ergebnismengen verdeutlichen die abweichende Funktionsweise und konnte mit einer qualitativen Analyse beispielhaft beschrieben werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit kann abschließend nicht geklärt werden, welches der beiden Systeme bevorzugt für die Generierung von Indextermen eingesetzt werden sollte.

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Abstract

The novelty of knowledge claims in a research paper can be considered an evaluation criterion for papers to supplement citations. To provide a foundation for research evaluation from the perspective of innovativeness, we propose an automatic approach for extracting innovative ideas from the abstracts of technology and engineering papers. The approach extracts N-grams as candidates based on part-of-speech tagging and determines whether they are novel by checking the Scopus® database to determine whether they had ever been presented previously. Moreover, we discussed the distributions of innovative ideas in different abstract structures. To improve the performance by excluding noisy N-grams, a list of stopwords and a list of research description characteristics were developed. We selected abstracts of articles published from 2011 to 2017 with the topic of semantic analysis as the experimental texts. Excluding noisy N-grams, considering the distribution of innovative ideas in abstracts, and suitably combining N-grams can effectively improve the performance of automatic innovative idea extraction. Unlike co-word and co-citation analysis, innovative-idea extraction aims to identify the differences in a paper from all previously published papers.

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Date

10. 1.2013 19:22:47

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Abstract

The goal of entity linking is to associate references to an entity that is found in unstructured natural language content to an authoritative inventory of known entities. This article describes the construction of 6 test collections for cross-language person-entity linking that together span 22 languages. Fully automated components were used together with 2 crowdsourced validation stages to affordably generate ground-truth annotations with an accuracy comparable to that of a completely manual process. The resulting test collections each contain between 642 (Arabic) and 2,361 (Romanian) person references in non-English texts for which the correct resolution in English Wikipedia is known, plus a similar number of references for which no correct resolution into English Wikipedia is believed to exist. Fully automated cross-language person-name linking experiments with 20 non-English languages yielded a resolution accuracy of between 0.84 (Serbian) and 0.98 (Romanian), which compares favorably with previously reported cross-language entity linking results for Spanish.

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Date

2. 9.2014 21:22:48

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Date

22. 1.2018 11:32:44

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Date

20. 1.2015 18:30:22