Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 28. April 2022)

Suchergebnisse

• 21
  Haider, J. ; Bawden, D.: Conceptions of "information poverty" in LIS : a discourse analysis.
  In: Journal of documentation. 63(2007) no.4, S.534-557.
  
  Abstract: Purpose - To provide an analysis of the notion of "information poverty" in library and information science (LIS) by investigating concepts, interests and strategies leading to its construction and thus to examine its role as a constitutive element of the professional discourse. Design/methodology/approach - Starting from a Foucauldian notion of discourse, "information poverty" is examined as a statement in its relation to other statements in order to highlight assumptions and factors contributing to its construction. The analysis is based on repeated and close reading of 35 English language articles published in LIS journals between 1995 and 2005. Findings - Four especially productive discursive procedures are identified: economic determinism, technological determinism and the "information society", historicising the "information poor", and the library profession's moral obligation and responsibility. Research limitations/implications - The material selection is linguistically and geographically biased. Most of the included articles originate in English-speaking countries. Therefore, results and findings are fully applicable only in an English language context. Originality/value - The focus on overlapping and at times conflicting discursive procedures, i.e. the results of alliances and connections between statements, highlights how the "information poor" emerge as a category in LIS as the product of institutionally contingent, professional discourse. By challenging often unquestioned underlying assumptions, this article is intended to contribute to a critical examination of LIS discourse, as well as to the analysis of the discourses of information, which dominate contemporary society. It is furthermore seen to add to the development of discourse analytical approaches in LIS research.
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  Wissenschaftsfach: Bibliothekswesen ; Informationswissenschaft
  
  
• 22
  Bawden, D.: Information as self-organized complexity : a unifying viewpoint.
  In: Information research. 12(2007) no.4, S.
  
  Abstract: Introduction. This short paper proposes that a unified concept of information as a form of self-organized complexity may be equally applicable to the physical, biological and human/social domains. This is seen as the evolutionary emergence of organized complexity in the physical universe, meaning in context in the biological domain, and understanding through knowledge in the human domain. Method.This study is based on analysis of literature from a wide range of disciplines. Conclusions.This perspective allows for the possibility that not only may the library/information sciences be able to draw insights from the natural sciences, but that library and information science research and scholarship may in turn contribute insights to these disciplines, normally thought of as more 'fundamental'.
  
  Inhalt: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science-"Featuring the Future". - Vgl.: http://informationr.net/ir/12-4/colis/colis31.html.
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  
  
• 23
  Bawden, D.: Organised complexity, meaning and understanding : an approach to a unified view of information for information science.
  In: Aslib proceedings. 59(2007) no.4/5, S.307-327.
  
  Abstract: Purpose - The paper seeks to outline an approach to a unified framework for understanding the concept of "information" in the physical, biological and human domains, and to see what links and interactions may be found between them. It also aims to re-examine the information science discipline, with a view to locating it in a larger context, so as to reflect on the possibility that information science may not only draw from these other disciplines, but that its insights may contribute to them. Design/methodology/approach - The paper takes the form of an extensive literature review and analysis, loosely based on the approaches of Stonier, Madden and Bates, and including analysis of both scientific and library/information literature. Findings - The paper identifies the concept of information as being identified with organised complexity in the physical domain, with meaning in context in the biological domain, and with Kvanvig's concept of understanding in the human domain. The linking thread is laws of emergent self-organised complexity, applicable in all domains. Argues that a unified perspective for the information sciences, based on Popperian ontology, may be derived, with the possibility of not merely drawing insights from physical and biological science, but also of contributing to them. Based on Hirst's educational philosophy, derives a definition for the information sciences around two poles: information science and library/information management.
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  
  
• 24
  Bawden, D. ; Vilar, P.: Digital libraries : to meet or manage user expectations.
  In: Aslib proceedings. 58(2006) no.4, S.346-354.
  
  Abstract: Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review the nature of, and rationale for, user expectations in the digital library setting, and ways in which they may best be met and/or managed. Design/methodology/approach - An analysis of the literature, focusing on empirical studies, and bringing out main themes and issues. Findings - User expectations of digital libraries are often unrealistic, usually unrealistically high, mainly due to the ubiquity of the web search engine as an information environment. Expectations differ between user groups. Both meeting and managing expectations have been promoted as a solution; it is likely that a mix of the two will be most effective. More empirical and conceptual studies are needed. Ways of making the nature of digital library collections and their organisation "visible", embedded in a natural way within their interfaces, are desirable. Originality/value - This is the first paper to review the literature of this topic.
  
  Themenfeld: Benutzerstudien
  
  
• 25
  Bawden, D.: Users, user studies and human information behaviour : a three-decade perspective on Tom Wilson's "On user studies and information needs".
  In: Journal of documentation. 62(2006) no.6, S.671-679.
  
  Abstract: Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review Wilson's (1981) seminal article, "On user studies and information needs" (Journal of Documentation, 1981, Vol. 37 No. 1, pp. 3-15) as part of a series celebrating the Journal's 60th anniversary. Design/methodology/approach - This paper adopts a literature-based conceptual analysis, taking Wilson's paper as the starting point, and evaluating the significance of, and later developments in, the issues dealt with in that article. Findings - Wilson's article has had a significant effect on the development of information science. It dealt with several fundamental issues, including the nature of information itself and of information need, models of information seeking and information behaviour, particularly those based on phenomenological or "whole life" concepts, appropriate research methods for these areas, and the nature of information science as an academic discipline. Originality/value - The paper provides a perspective on the development of information science over 30 years, with particular emphasis on the study of human information behaviour.
  
  Themenfeld: Benutzerstudien
  
  
• 26
  Brophy, J. ; Bawden, D.: Is Google enough? : Comparison of an internet search engine with academic library resources.
  In: Aslib proceedings. 57(2005) no.6, S.498-512.
  
  Abstract: Purpose - The purpose of the study was to compare an internet search engine, Google, with appropriate library databases and systems, in order to assess the relative value, strengths and weaknesses of the two sorts of system. Design/methodology/approach - A case study approach was used, with detailed analysis and failure checking of results. The performance of the two systems was assessed in terms of coverage, unique records, precision, and quality and accessibility of results. A novel form of relevance assessment, based on the work of Saracevic and others was devised. Findings - Google is superior for coverage and accessibility. Library systems are superior for quality of results. Precision is similar for both systems. Good coverage requires use of both, as both have many unique items. Improving the skills of the searcher is likely to give better results from the library systems, but not from Google. Research limitations/implications - Only four case studies were included. These were limited to the kind of queries likely to be searched by university students. Library resources were limited to those in two UK academic libraries. Only the basic Google web search functionality was used, and only the top ten records examined. Practical implications - The results offer guidance for those providing support and training for use of these retrieval systems, and also provide evidence for debates on the "Google phenomenon". Originality/value - This is one of the few studies which provide evidence on the relative performance of internet search engines and library databases, and the only one to conduct such in-depth case studies. The method for the assessment of relevance is novel.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl. auch unter: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00012530510634235.
  
  Themenfeld: Suchmaschinen
  Objekt: Google
  
  
• 27
  Bawden, D. ; Petuchovaite, R. ; Vilar, P.: Are we effective? : How do we know?.
  In: Librarianship in the information age: Proceedings of the 13th BOBCATSSS Symposium, 31 January - 2 February 2005 in Budapest, Hungary. Eds.: Marte Langeland u.a. Budapest : ELTE, 2005. S.241-255.
  
  Abstract: This presentation gives an international comparison of performance measures of the public and national library services of Lithuania, Slovenia and the United Kingdom. Particular attention will be given to new methods of assessing the value of libraries, which go beyond simple counts of readers and transactions. The importance of treating performance measures as a part of strategic planning, rather than as an aim in itself, is emphasised.
  
  
  
• 28
  Bawden, D.: Documentation in an information society.
  In: Journal of documentation. 60(2004) no.2, S.107-108.
  
  Abstract: The contributions of the theories and practices of "documentation", located with the library/information disciplines, to the development of information society are real, but limited. The scope for further input is considerable.
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl. auch unter: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00220410410523150
  
  
  
• 29
  Robinson, L. ; Bawden, D.: Distance learning and LIS professional development.
  In: Aslib proceedings. 54(2002) no.1, S.48-55.
  
  Abstract: The nature of distance learning in general, and for the specific case of LIS professional development, is reviewed in the context of wider changes in the learning environment. This leads to an analysis of the kind of materials and activities which may be required to support this form of education, and to proposals for categories of activities, which are to be tested in a part distance learning multinational LIS summer school.
  
  Themenfeld: Computer Based Training
  Wissenschaftsfach: Bibliothekswesen ; Informationswissenschaft
  
  
• 30
  Bawden, D.: Information and digital literacies : a review of concepts.
  In: Journal of documentation. 57(2001) no.2, S.218-259.
  
  Abstract: The concepts of 'information literacy' and 'digital literacy' are described, and reviewed, by way of a literature survey and analysis. Related concepts, including computer literacy, library literacy, network literacy, Internet literacy and hyper-literacy are also discussed, and their relationships elucidated. After a general introduction, the paper begins with the basic concept of 'literacy', which is then expanded to include newer forms of literacy, more suitable for complex information environments. Some of these, for example library, media and computer literacies, are based largely on specific skills, but have some extension beyond them. They lead togeneral concepts, such as information literacy and digital literacy which are based on knowledge, perceptions and attitudes, though reliant on the simpler skills-based literacies
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl. auch: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/EUM0000000007083.
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  
  
• 31
  Robinson, L. ; Bawden, D.: Libraries and open society : Popper, Soros and digital information.
  In: Aslib proceedings. 53(2001) no.5, S.167-178.
  
  Abstract: This paper examines the role of libraries and information services, in promoting the 'open society' espoused by Karl Popper and George Soros. After a brief discussion of the nature of an 'open society ', the paper covers the role played by provision of knowledge and information, of new technology, particularly the Internet, and of critical thinking and digital literacy in the development of this form of society. Conclusions are drawn for the role of libraries and librarians, with seven general principles suggested.
  
  Themenfeld: Informationsdienstleistungen ; Internet
  
  
• 32
  Bawden, D.: ¬The shifting terminology's of information.
  In: Aslib proceedings. 53(2001) no.3, S.93-98.
  
  Abstract: At the heart of any discussion of the information sciences, at least when this discussion is held in the English language, lies the problem of the variant, and shifting, set of concepts and meanings of the terms 'library' and 'information'. The term 'information', in particular, has a variety of meanings in different contexts and communities of discourse, providing an excellent example of Wittgenstein's language game. This implies that any terminology built around this central concept is in danger of being constructed on 'shifting sands'. This article outlines, for the English language only, some of these diverse meanings of information, and their consequences for the terminology of the information sciences. It focuses on the variant relationships between information and related concepts, particularly data and knowledge. It also includes an account of the view information taken in the hard and soft methodologies of system science, as well as the new discipline of 'information physics'. From this, some remarks may be made on the changing meanings of the complex terms such as 'information technology' and 'information literacy', as well as those complex terms involving 'management', information management, knowledge management, document management etc. A similar, though shorter, treatment will de given to terminology around the 'library' concept, particularly in view of the change toward viewing a library as an organised virtual information space, rather than physical environment.
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  
  
• 33
  Aitchison, J. ; Gilchrist, A. ; Bawden, D.: Thesaurus construction and use : a practical manual.4th ed.
  London : Aslib, 2000. 218 S.
  ISBN 0-85142-446-5
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: Knowledge organization 28(2001) no.2, S.100-102 (S.D. Clarke)
  
  Themenfeld: Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus ; Grundlagen u. Einführungen: Allgemeine Literatur
  
  LCSH: Subject headings / Terminology
  RSWK: Thesaurus (BVB) ; Thesaurus / Verwendung / Struktur / Lehrbuch (SWB)
  BK: 06.70 / Katalogisierung / Bestandserschließung
  DDC: 025.49
  
• 34
  Bawden, D. ; Holtham, C. ; Courtney, N.: Perspectives on information overload.
  In: Aslib proceedings. 51(1999) no.8, S.249-255.
  
  Abstract: Information overload is by no means a new concept, but has come to prominence during the last decade. This paper reviews the nature and causes of overload, and considers possible solutions, both organisational and technical, and its relevance to the information professional.
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  Land/Ort: GB
  
  
• 35
  Robinson, L. ; Bawden, D.: Internet subject gateways.
  In: International journal of information management. 19(1999) no.6, S.311-322.
  
  Themenfeld: Information Gateway
  
  
• 36
  Rowlands, I. ; Bawden, D.: Building the digital library on solid research foundations.
  In: Aslib proceedings. 51(1999) no.8, S.275-282.
  
  Abstract: The digital library is a socio-technical concept of great significance. It redefines the relationships between information providers and intermediaries and, potentially, transforms the way that services are delivered to users. This article, based on a British Library Research & Innovation Centre funded study, reviews current themes and directions in digital library research and scholarship. It locates the digital library in a simple work-oriented framework emphasising its social as well as its systems and informational dimensions. The article highlights differences in understanding of the digital library construct between the library and computer science communities and identifies some critical areas for further research.
  
  Land/Ort: GB
  
  
• 37
  Aitchison, J. ; Gilchrist, A. ; Bawden, D.: Thesaurus construction and use : a practical manual.3rd ed.
  London : Aslib, 1997. 212 S.
  ISBN 0-85142-390-6
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: Managing information 5(1998) no.3, S.42 (L. Will); Electronic library 16(1998) no.4, S.266 (I. Fourie); Knowledge organization 26(1999) no.2, S.103-104 (M.P. Satija)
  
  Themenfeld: Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus ; Grundlagen u. Einführungen: Allgemeine Literatur
  
  LCSH: Subject headings / Terminology
  DDC: 025.49
  
• 38
  Sheppard, E.D. ; Bawden, D.: More news, less knowledge? : An information content analysis of television and newspaper coverage of the Gulf War.
  In: International journal of information management. 17(1997) no.3, S.211-227.
  
  Abstract: Examines the patterns and formats of information provision by newspapers and television news programmes, with a case study of 2 incidents from the Gulf War. Carries out a content analysis, with a novel scheme of groups and categories to interpret and display information transfer patterns. The results are set in the context of a survey of the nature of news, and the influence of the media by which it is presented. Finds a clear distinction between television and newspaper information content and format, and explains it in terms of an underlying information structure. Considers consequences for public access to information
  
  
  
• 39
  Bawden, D.: Information policy or knowledge policy?.
  In: Understanding information policy. Proceedings of a British Library funded Information Policy Unit Workshop, Cumberland Lodge, UK, 22-24 July 1996. Ed. by Ian Rowlands. London : Bowker-Saur, 1997. S.74-79.
  
  Abstract: Considers the types of information that are generally involved in information policy, from data, through information with varying degrees of structure, to knowledge and perhaps to wisdom. Information with lower levels of structure and raw data may be managed by systems, technical and administrative, and by procedures. Knowledge can only be managed by policies. There is, therefore, a close link between information policy formulation and evaluation and the emerging discipline of knowledge management. Concludes that information policy is: inevitably complex, not concerned with technical solutions; and dependent upon an appreciation of the meaning and significance of knowledge in its proper context
  
  
  
• 40
  Bawden, D.: Browsing : theory and practice.
  In: Perspectives in information management. 3(1993) no.1, S.67-81.
  
  Abstract: Presents a selective literature review covering the process of browsing as a means of searching for information. References are selected in order to illustrate the major themes and to bring out points which have not been emphasised before. The main points covered in the review include: consideration of browsing as an important, but under rated and little understood, form of information access; the ability in browsing to find analogies, connections, and new lines of thought; the potential of browsings as an ideal technique for accasional or non expert users; the ability to apply browsing to both paper based and computerized information retrieval; and the ability to search for information in a semi-random fashion leading to serendipitous linkage. Concludes that, despite the acknowledges importance of browsing, the increased effort being expended in making computerized systems browsable and the many references to the concept in the computer literature, there is still a lack of real understanding of the basic concepts of the process
  
  Themenfeld: Literaturübersicht