Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 28. April 2022)

Suchergebnisse

• 1
  Eastman, C.M.: 30,000 hits may be better than 300 : precision anomalies in Internet searches.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 53(2002) no.11, S.879-882.
  
  Abstract: In this issue we begin with a paper where Eastman points out that conventional narrower queries (the use of conjunctions and phrases) in a web engine search will reduce returned number of hits but not necessarily increase precision in the top ranked documents in the return. Thus by precision anomalies Eastman means that search narrowing activity results in no precision change or a decrease in precision. Multiple queries with multiple engines were run by students for a three-year period and the formulation/engine combination was recorded as was the number of hits. Relevance was also recorded for the top ten and top twenty ranked retrievals. While narrower searches reduced total hits they did not usually improve precision. Initial high precision and poor query reformulation account for some of the results, as did Alta Vista's failure to use the ranking algorithm incorporated in its regular search in its advanced search feature. However, since the top listed returns often reoccurred in all formulations, it would seem that the ranking algorithms are doing a consistent job of practical precision ranking that is not improved by reformulation.
  
  Themenfeld: Retrievalstudien ; Suchmaschinen
  
  
• 2
  Kim, S.H. ; Eastman, C.M.: ¬An experiment on node size in a hypermedia system.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.6, S.530-536.
  
  Abstract: The node size that should be used in a hypermedia system is an important design issue. 3 interpretations of node size are identified: storage (physical size), window size (presentation size), and length (logical size). an experiment in which presentation size and text length are varied in a HyperCard application is described. The experiment involves student subjects performing a fact retrieval task from a reference handbook. No interaction is found between these 2 independent variables. Performance is significantly better for the longer texts, but no significant difference is found for the 2 different window sizes
  
  Themenfeld: Hypertext
  
  
• 3
  McQuire, A.R. ; Eastman, C.M.: ¬The ambiguity of negation in natural language queries to information retrieval systems.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.8, S.686-692.
  
  Abstract: A prototype system to handle negation in natural language queries to information retrieval systems is presented. Whenever a query that has negation is entered, the system will determine whether or not it is necessary for the user to clarify exactly what constituents in the query are being negated. If clarification is needed, the user is presented with a list of choices and asked to select the appropriate one. The algorithm used is based on the results of a survey adminitered to 64 subjects. The subjects were given a number of queries using negation. For each query, several possible choices for the negated constituent(s) were given. Whenever a lexical unit composed of nouns connected by the conjunction 'and' was negated, there was general agreement on the response. But whenever there were multiple lexical units involved, such as complex lexical units connected by 'and' or prepositional phrases, the subjects were divided on the choices. The results of this survey indicate that it is not possible for a system to automatically disambiguate all uses of negotiation. However, it is possible for the user interface to handle disambiguation through a clarification dialog during which a user is asked to select from a list of possible interpretations
  
  
  
• 4
  Eastman, C.M. ; Rose, J.R.: Hierarchical support for browsing.
  In: Proceedings of the 17th National Online Meeting 1996, New York, 14-16 May 1996. Ed.: M.E. Williams. Medford, NJ : Information Today, 1996. S.91-100.
  
  Abstract: Presents an approach to support browsing and retrieval in chemical reaction databases. The method involves the use of a classification hierarchy based upon a variety of chemically relevant features. This hierarchy is determined dynamically in response to the search requests of a particular user. Describes a prototype system and gives an example sample
  
  Wissenschaftsfach: Chemie
  
  
• 5
  Eastman, C.M. ; Carter, R.M.: Anthropological perspectives on classification schemes.
  In: Proceedings of the 5th ASIS SIG/CR Classification Research Workshop, Oct. 16, 1994, Alexandria, VA. Ed.: R. Fidel u.a. Silver Springs, MD : ASIS, 1994. S. -.
  
  
  
• 6
  Rose, J.R. ; Eastman, C.M.: Hierarchical classification as an aid to browsing.
  In: Proceedings of the 5th ASIS SIG/CR Classification Research Workshop, Oct. 16, 1994, Alexandria, VA. Ed.: R. Fidel u.a. Silver Springs, MD : ASIS, 1994. S. -.
  
  
  
• 7
  Chang, Y.F. ; Eastman, C.M.: ¬An information retrieval system for reusable software.
  In: Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.5, S.601-614.
  
  
  
• 8
  Young, C.W. ; Eastman, C.M. ; Oakman, R.L.: ¬An analysis of ill-formed input in natural language queries to document retrieval systems.
  In: Information processing and management. 27(1991) no.6, S.615-622.
  
  Abstract: Natrual language document retrieval queries from the Thomas Cooper Library, South Carolina Univ. were analysed in oder to investigate the frequency of various types of ill-formed input, such as spelling errors, cooccurrence violations, conjunctions, ellipsis, and missing or incorrect punctuation. Users were requested to write out their requests for information in complete sentences on the form normally used by the library. The primary reason for analysing ill-formed inputs was to determine whether there is a significant need to study ill-formed inputs in detail. Results indicated that most of the queries were sentence fragments and that many of them contained some type of ill-formed input. Conjunctions caused the most problems. The next most serious problem was caused by punctuation errors. Spelling errors occured in a small number of queries. The remaining types of ill-formed input considered, allipsis and cooccurrence violations, were not found in the queries
  
  Themenfeld: Benutzerstudien ; Sprachretrieval
  
  
• 9
  Nakkouzi, Z.S. ; Eastman, C.M.: Query formulation for handling negation in information retrieval systems.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 41(1990) no.3, S.171-182.
  
  Abstract: Queries containing negation are widely recognised as presenting problems for both users and systems. In information retrieval systems such problems usually manifest themselves in the use of the NOT operator. Describes an algorithm to transform Boolean queries with negated terms into queries without negation; the transformation process is based on the use of a hierarchical thesaurus. Examines a set of user requests submitted to the Thomas Cooper Library at the University of South Carolina to determine the pattern and frequency of use of negation.
  
  Themenfeld: Retrievalalgorithmen
  
  
• 10
  Eastman, C.M.: Overlaps in postings to thesaurus terms : a preliminary study.
  In: ASIS'88. Information technology: planning for the next fifty years. Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the Americal Society for Information Science, Atlanta, Georgia, 23.-27.10.1988. Vol.25. Ed. by C.L. Borgman and E.Y.H. Pai. Medford, New Jersey : Learned Information Inc., 1988. S.181-184.
  
  Abstract: The patterns of overlap between terms which are closely related in a thesaurus are considered. The relationships considered are parent/child, in which one term is a broader term of the other, and sibling in which to 2 terms share the same broader term. The patterns of overlap observed in the MeSH thesaurus with respect to selected MEDLINE postings are examined. The implications of the overlap patterns are discussed, in particular, the impact of the overlap patterns on the potential effectiveness of a proposed algorithm for handling negation is considered.
  
  Themenfeld: Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  Objekt: MeSH