Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 28. April 2022)

Suchergebnisse

• 21
  Green, R.: Automated identification of frame semantic relational structures.
  In: Dynamism and stability in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 6th International ISKO-Conference, 10-13 July 2000, Toronto, Canada. Ed.: C. Beghtol et al. Würzburg : Ergon, 2000. S.193-199.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.7)
  
  Abstract: Preliminary attempts to identify semantic frames and their internal structure automatically have met with a degree of success. In a first stage, clustering is used to detect 4 previously identified semantic frames (COMMERCIAL TRANSACTION, HIT, JUDGING, RISK) from verb definitions in Longman's Dictionary of Contemporary English. In a second stage, nouns used in the definitions of frame-invoking verbs or in whose definitions the frame-invoking verbs occur in certain forms are searched in WordNet to identify frame elements. Suggestions for refinement of the processes are discussed
  
  Themenfeld: Computerlinguistik
  
  
• 22
  Green, R.: Attribution and relationality.
  In: Structures and relations in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 5th International ISKO-Conference, Lille, 25.-29.8.1998. Ed.: W. Mustafa el Hadi et al. Würzburg : Ergon, 1998. S.328-335.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.6)
  
  Abstract: The paper examines the role of attributes within entity-relationship-based conceptual modeling, investigating the interplay between attributes and relationships within (1) data modeling and (2) natural language use. Attribution is found to be an important relationship type. The lack of distinctiveness between attributes and relationships leads to a re-examination of how hierarchy should be treated in both the practice and theory of knowledge organization
  
  
  
• 23
  Green, R.: ¬The role of relational structures in indexing for the humanities.
  In: Knowledge organization. 24(1997) no.2, S.72-83.
  
  Abstract: The paper is divided into 3 parts. The 1st develops a framework for evaluating the indexing needs of the humanities with reference to 4 sets of contrasts: user (need)-oriented vs. document-oriented indexing; subject indexing vs. attribute indexing; scientific writing vs. humanistic writing; and topical relevance vs. logical relevance vs. evidential relevance vs. aesthetic relevance. The indexing needs for the humanities range broadly across these contrasts. The 2nd part establishes the centrality of relationships to the communication of indexable matter and examines the advantages and disadvantages of means used for their expression inboth natural languages and indexing languages. The use of relational structure, such as a frame, is shown to represent perhaps the best available option. The 3rd part illustrates where the use of relational structures in humanities indexing would help meet some of the needs previously identified. Although not a panacea, the adoption of frame-based indexing in the humanities might substantially improve the retrieval of its literature
  
  Themenfeld: Inhaltsanalyse
  
  
• 24
  Green, R.: ¬The role of relational structures in indexing for the humanities.
  In: Information services and use. 17(1997) nos.2/3, S.85-100.
  
  Abstract: Develops a framework for evaluating the indexing needs of the humanities with reference to 4 set of contrasts: user-oriented vs. document oriented indexing; subject indexing vs. attribute indexing; scientific writing vs. humanistic writing; and topical relevance vs. logical relevance vs. evidential relevance vs. aesthetic relevance. The indexing needs of the humanities range broadly across these contrasts. Established the centrality of relationship to the communication of indexable matter and examines the advantages and disadvantages of means used for their expression in both natural languages and index languages. The use of a relational structure, such as a frame, is shown to represent perhaps the best available option. Illustrates where the use of relational structures in humanities indexing would help meet some of the needs previously identified. The adoption of frame-based indexing in the humanities might substantially improve the retrieval of its literature
  
  Anmerkung: Contribution to a special issue devoted to papers read at the 1996 Electronic Access to Fiction research seminar at Copenhagen, Denmark
  
  Themenfeld: Schöne Literatur
  
  
• 25
  Green, R.: Description in the electronic environment.
  In: Knowledge organization and change: Proceedings of the Fourth International ISKO Conference, 15-18 July 1996, Library of Congress, Washington, DC. Ed.: R. Green. Frankfurt : INDEKS, 1996. S.242-248.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.5)
  
  Abstract: The significant differences that exist between the print and digital worlds are sometimes felt to diminish the need for bibliographic description in the electronic world. An analysis of these differences, especially with respect to (1) the control of production and distribution of documents and (2) the need for software intermediation, coupled with a discussion of the functions of bibliographic description in the task of document retrieval argue, however, for an increased role for bibliographic description in the electronic world
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl. verschiedene Aktivitäten unter: http://www.oclc.org:6990 (InterCat); http://etext.virginia.edu/TEI.html (TEI guidelines)
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  Behandelte Form: Elektronische Dokumente
  Objekt: InterCat ; TEI
  
  
• 26
  Green, R.: Development of a relational thesaurus.
  In: Knowledge organization and change: Proceedings of the Fourth International ISKO Conference, 15-18 July 1996, Library of Congress, Washington, DC. Ed.: R. Green. Frankfurt : INDEKS, 1996. S.72-79.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.5)
  
  Abstract: Various shortcomings typically attend thesaural relationships: failure to support extended relevance relationships; lack of effort in identifying a common relational inventory across types of retrieval systems; limitation to binary relationships; inattention to relationships built into the meaning of lexical units. To counteract this failings, a preliminary inventory of relational structures underlying the ca. 1250 most frequently occuring English verbs is presented. The inventory is compact and corresponds to a combination of semantic role-based verb types as identified by Chafe (1970), and image schemata, as identified by Johnson (1987). The nature of hierarchical relationships among relational structures within the inventory is surveyed
  
  Themenfeld: Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  
  
• 27
  Green, R.: ¬The design of a relational database for large-scale bibliographic retrieval.
  In: Information technology and libraries. 15(1996) no.4, S.207-221.
  
  Abstract: Reports results of a study, conducted by Maryland University, College of Library and Information Services, to establish the basic logical design of large scale bibliographic databases using the entity relationship (ER) model, with a view to the eventual conversion of the ER based conceptual schemas into relational databases. A fully normalized relational bibliographic database promises relief from the update, insertion, and deletion anomalies that plague bibliographic databases using MARC formats and USMARC formats internally. Presents the conceptual design of a full scale bibliographic database (inclusing bibliographic, authority, holdings, and classification data), based on entity relationship modelling. This design translates easily into a logical relational design. Discusses the treatment of format integration and the differentiation between the intellectual and bibliographic levels of description and between collective and individual levels of description. Unfortunately, the complexities of bibliographic data result in a tension between the semantic integrity of the relatioal approach and the inefficiencies of normalization and decomposition. Outlines compromise approaches to the dilemma
  
  Objekt: MARC ; USMARC
  
  
• 28
  Green, R.: Syntagmatic relationships in index languages : a reassessment.
  In: Library quarterly. 65(1995) no.4, S.365-385.
  
  Abstract: Effective use of syntagmatic relationships in index languages has suffered from inaccurate or incomplete characterization in both linguistics and information science. A number of 'myths' about syntagmatic relationships are debunked: the exclusivity of paradigmatic and syntagmatic relationships, linearity as a defining characteristic of syntagmatic relationships, the restriction of syntagmatic relationships to surface linguistic units, the limitation of syntagmatic relationship benefits in document retrieval to precision, and the general irrelevance of syntagmatic relationships for document retrieval. None of the mechanisms currently used with index languages is powerful enough to achieve the levels of precision and recall that the expression of conceptual syntagmatic relationships is in theory capable of. New designs for expressing these relationships in index languages will need to take into account such characteristics as their semantic nature, systematicity, generalizability and constituent nature
  
  Themenfeld: Theorie verbaler Dokumentationssprachen
  
  
• 29
  Green, R.: Topical relevance relationships : 1: why topic matching fails.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 46(1995) no.9, S.646-653.
  
  Abstract: Presents conceptual background. Since topicality is a major factor in relevance, it is crucial to identify the range of relationship types that occur between the topics of user needs and the topics of texts relevant to those needs. Assumes that a single relationship type obtains i.e. that the 2 topics match. Evidence from the analysis of recall failures, citation analysis, and knowledge synthesis suggests otherwise: topical relevance relationships are not limited to topic matching relationships; to the contrary, in certain circumstances they are quite likely not to be matching relationships. Relationships are 1 of the 2 fundamental components of human conceptual systems. Attempts to classify them usually accept a distinction between relationships that occur by virute of the combination of component units (syntagmatic relationships) and relationships that are bulit into the language system (paradigmatic relationships). Given the variety of relationship types previously identified, empirical research is needed to determine the subset that actually account for topical relevance
  
  
  
• 30
  Green, R.: Topical relevance relationships : 2: an exploratory study and preliminary typology.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 46(1995) no.9, S.654-662.
  
  Abstract: The assumption of topic matching between user needs and texts topically relevant to those needs is often erroneous. Reports an emprical investigantion of the question 'what relationship types actually account for topical relevance'? In order to avoid the bias to topic matching search strategies, user needs are back generated from a randomly selected subset of the subject headings employed in a user oriented topical concordance. The corresponding relevant texts are those indicated in the concordance under the subject heading. Compares the topics of the user needs with the topics of the relevant texts to determine the relationships between them. Topical relevance relationships include a large variety of relationships, only some of which are matching relationships. Others are examples of paradigmatic or syntagmatic relationships. There appear to be no constraints on the kinds of relationships that can function as topical relevance relationships. They are distinguishable from other types of relationships only on functional grounds
  
  Themenfeld: Retrievalalgorithmen
  
  
• 31
  Green, R.: ¬The expression of conceptual syntagmatic relationships : a comparative survey.
  In: Journal of documentation. 51(1995) no.4, S.315-338.
  
  Abstract: The expression of conceptual syntagmatic relationships in document retrieval systems holds out hope for both increased discrimination generally and increased recall in certain contexts. Such relationships require both a structured inventory of relationships. Examines the means of expressing these. The expression of conceptual syntagmatic relationships must comply with criteria of systematicity, complexity, efficiency and naturalness. Unfortunately, the complex interaction of natural language expression based on lexicalization, word order, function words, and morphosyntactic cases causes failure regarding systematicity. Most methods of expressing conceptual syntagmatic relationships, e.g. term co occurrence techniques, links and role indicators, fail to comply with this and other of the criteria. Only gestalt structures simultaneously representing relationships, participants and roles conform fully to the critical checklist
  
  Themenfeld: Theorie verbaler Dokumentationssprachen
  
  
• 32
  Green, R.: ¬The expression of syntagmatic relationships in indexing : are frame-based index languages the answer?.
  In: Classification research for knowledge representation and organization. Proc. 5th Int. Study Conf. on Classification Research, Toronto, Canada, 24.-28.6.1991. Ed. by N.J. Williamson u. M. Hudon. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1992. S.79-88.
  (FID; 698)
  
  Abstract: The frame structure matches the profile of features desirable in a syntagmatic relationship system and should be incorporated as the basic structural unit in index languages. The construction of frame-based index languages is discussed. Selected findings based on the case study analysis of implementing a New Testament-oriented frame-based indexing language are presented
  
  
  
• 33
  Green, R.: Insights into classification from the cognitive sciences : ramifications for index languages.
  In: Classification research for knowledge representation and organization. Proc. 5th Int. Study Conf. on Classification Research, Toronto, Canada, 24.-28.6.1991. Ed. by N.J. Williamson u. M. Hudon. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1992. S.215-222.
  (FID; 698)
  
  
  
• 34
  Green, R.: ¬The profession's models of information : a cognitive linguistic analysis.
  In: Journal of documentation. 47(1991) no.2, S.130-148.
  
  Abstract: This study establishes 3 predominant cognitive models of information and the information transfer process manifest in the literature of library and information science, based on a linguistic analysis of phrases incoporating the word 'information' from a random sample of abstracts in the LISA database. The direct communication (DC) and indirect communication (IC) models (drawn from Reddy's frameworks of metalinguistic usage) adopt the perspective of the information system; the information-seeking (IS) model takes the viewpoint of the information user. 2 disturbing findings are presented: 1. core elements of the DC and IC models are more weakly supported by the data than are most of the peripheral elements; and 2. even though the IS model presents the information user's perspective, the data emphasise the role of the information system. These findings suggest respectively that the field lacks a coherent model of information transfer per se and that our model of information retrieval is mechanistic, oblivious to the cognitive models of end users
  
  Anmerkung: Enthält eine umfangreiche Liste von Redewendungen mit 'Information'
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  
  
• 35
  Green, R. ; Panzer, M.: ¬The ontological character of classes in the Dewey Decimal Classification.
  In: Paradigms and conceptual systems in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the Eleventh International ISKO conference, Rome, 23-26 February 2010, ed. Claudio Gnoli, Indeks, Frankfurt M. Würzburg : Ergon Verlag, S.171-179.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.12)
  
  Abstract: Classes in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system function as neighborhoods around focal topics in captions and notes. Topical neighborhoods are generated through specialization and instantiation, complex topic synthesis, index terms and mapped headings, hierarchical force, rules for choosing between numbers, development of the DDC over time, and use of the system in classifying resources. Implications of representation using a formal knowledge representation language are explored.
  
  Themenfeld: Wissensrepräsentation ; Klassifikationstheorie: Elemente / Struktur
  Objekt: DDC