Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 28. April 2022)

Suchergebnisse

• 1
  Xie, I. ; Babu, R. ; Davey Castillo, M. ; Han, H.: Identification of factors associated with blind users' help-seeking situations in interacting with digital libraries.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.4, S.514-527.
  
  Abstract: A sight-centered digital library (DL) design with complex structures and multimedia formats poses significant challenges for blind users. This study is the first attempt to investigate the top three help-seeking situations as well as associated factors in blind users' DL interactions. A mixed-method approach was adopted for this study. Multiple methods were applied to collect data from 30 blind subjects: questionnaires, presearch interviews, think aloud protocols, transaction logs, and postsearch interviews. The paper identifies the top three help-seeking situations, and associated factors in relation to user, system, task, and interaction. Moreover, different types of main-level factors were tested to investigate if they are correlated to each type of top situation, and qualitative data of sublevel factors offer insight into how these factors are associated with various situations. Without a clear understanding of these situations and factors, the objective of universal access to information in DLs cannot be achieved. DL design implications are further discussed with the goal of providing system design recommendations for reducing blind users' help-seeking situations.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/asi.23982.
  
  
  
• 2
  Reeve, L.H. ; Han, H. ; Brooks, A.D.: ¬The use of domain-specific concepts in biomedical text summarization.
  In: Information processing and management. 43(2007) no.6, S.1765-1776.
  
  Abstract: Text summarization is a method for data reduction. The use of text summarization enables users to reduce the amount of text that must be read while still assimilating the core information. The data reduction offered by text summarization is particularly useful in the biomedical domain, where physicians must continuously find clinical trial study information to incorporate into their patient treatment efforts. Such efforts are often hampered by the high-volume of publications. This paper presents two independent methods (BioChain and FreqDist) for identifying salient sentences in biomedical texts using concepts derived from domain-specific resources. Our semantic-based method (BioChain) is effective at identifying thematic sentences, while our frequency-distribution method (FreqDist) removes information redundancy. The two methods are then combined to form a hybrid method (ChainFreq). An evaluation of each method is performed using the ROUGE system to compare system-generated summaries against a set of manually-generated summaries. The BioChain and FreqDist methods outperform some common summarization systems, while the ChainFreq method improves upon the base approaches. Our work shows that the best performance is achieved when the two methods are combined. The paper also presents a brief physician's evaluation of three randomly-selected papers from an evaluation corpus to show that the author's abstract does not always reflect the entire contents of the full-text.
  
  Themenfeld: Automatisches Abstracting
  Wissenschaftsfach: Biologie ; Medizin
  
  
• 3
  Chan, H.C. ; Kim, H.-W. ; Tan, W.C.: Information systems citation patterns from International Conference on Information Systems articles.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.9, S.1263-1274.
  
  Abstract: Research patterns could enhance understanding of the Information Systems (IS) field. Citation analysis is the methodology commonly used to determine such research patterns. In this study, the citation methodology is applied to one of the top-ranked Information Systems conferences - International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS). Information is extracted from papers in the proceedings of ICIS 2000 to 2002. A total of 145 base articles and 4,226 citations are used. Research patterns are obtained using total citations, citations per journal or conference, and overlapping citations. We then provide the citation ranking of journals and conferences. We also examine the difference between the citation ranking in this study and the ranking of IS journals and IS conferences in other studies. Based on the comparison, we confirm that IS research is a multidisciplinary research area. We also identify the most cited papers and authors in the IS research area, and the organizations most active in producing papers in the top-rated IS conference. We discuss the findings and implications of the study.
  
  Themenfeld: Informetrie ; Citation indexing
  
  
• 4
  Chan, H.C. ; Teo, H.H. ; Zeng, X.H.: ¬An evaluation of novice end-user computing performance : data modeling, query writing, and comprehension.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.8, S.843-853.
  
  Abstract: End-user computing has become a weIl-established aspect of enterprise database systems today. End-user computing performance depends an the user-database interface, in which the data model and query language are major components. We examined three prominent data models-the relational model, the Extended-EntityRelationship (EIER) model, and the Object-Oriented (00) model-and their query languages in a rigorous and systematic experiment to evaluate their effects an novice end-user computing performance in the context of database design and data manipulation. In addition, relationships among the performances for different tasks (modeling, query writing, query comprehension) were postulated with the use of a cognitive model for the query process, and are tested in the experiment. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques were used to examine the multiple causal relationships simultaneously. The findings indicate that the EER and 00 models overwhelmingly outperformed the relational model in terms of accuracy for both database design and data manipulation. The associations between tasks suggest that data modeling techniques would enhance query writing correctness, and query writing ability would contribute to query comprehension. This study provides a better and thorough understanding of the inter-relationships among these data modeling and task factors. Our findings have significant implications for novice end-user training and development.
  
  
  
• 5
  Zhang, X. ; Han, H.: ¬An empirical testing of user stereotypes of information retrieval systems.
  In: Information processing and management. 41(2005) no.3, S.651-664.
  
  Abstract: Stereotyping is a technique used in many information systems to represent user groups and/or to generate initial individual user models. However, there has been a lack of evidence on the accuracy of their use in representing users. We propose a formal evaluation method to test the accuracy or homogeneity of the stereotypes that are based on users' explicit characteristics. Using the method, the results of an empirical testing on 11 common user stereotypes of information retrieval (IR) systems are reported. The participants' memberships in the stereotypes were predicted using discriminant analysis, based on their IR knowledge. The actual membership and the predicted membership of each stereotype were compared. The data show that "librarians/IR professionals" is an accurate stereotype in representing its members, while some others, such as "undergraduate students" and "social sciences/humanities" users, are not accurate stereotypes. The data also demonstrate that based on the user's IR knowledge a stereotype can be made more accurate or homogeneous. The results show the promise that our method can help better detect the differences among stereotype members, and help with better stereotype design and user modeling. We assume that accurate stereotypes have better performance in user modeling and thus the system performance. Limitations and future directions of the study are discussed.
  
  
  
• 6
  Chan, H.C. ; Wei, K.K.: User query performance with database feedback.
  In: Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.65, [=Suppl.28]. New York : Dekker, 1999. S.354-.
  
  
  
• 7
  Chan, H.C. ; Tan, B.C.Y. ; Wei, K.L.: Three important determinants of user performance for database retrieval.
  In: International journal of human-computer studies. 51(1999) no.5, S.895-918.
  
  Themenfeld: Benutzerstudien
  
  
• 8
  Chan, H.C. ; Wei, K.K. ; Siau, K.L.: ¬A system for query comprehension.
  In: Information and software technology. 39(1997) no.3, S.141-148.
  
  Abstract: A major difficulty of query writing for databases is that users do not fully understand queries. Proposes a system providing feedback to enable users to better understand their queries. It is a multi-functional rule-based system. In addition to providing an English translation for the query, it pin-points syntax errors, and suggests possible solutions. Finds likely semantic errors, and provides possible solutions. The system was implemented for a query language based on the entity relationship model. It is expected to lead to better user performance. Empirical testing showed significant improvement in user performance with the feedback system. The system can be used for computer-aided training and in actual operation
  
  Themenfeld: Computer Based Training
  
  
• 9
  Chan, H.C. ; Goldstein, R.C.: User-database interaction at the knowledge level of abstraction.
  In: Information and software technology. 39(1997) no.10, S.657-668.
  
  Abstract: Proposes and develops a new level of user-database interaction, the knowledge-level interface, where the user and the database system exchange only knowledge from the user. Under the new KL approach, the database system is no longer seen as a store of data. It is an agent to hold domain knowledge and provide it upon request
  
  
  
• 10
  Chan, H.C. ; Wei, K.K.: Effect of grading schemes on outcomes in query writing experiments.
  In: Interacting with computers. 8(1996) no.1, S.7-12.
  
  Abstract: Findings of experiments comparing query languages are difficult to combine because the experiments have used different settings and procedures. Query accuracy, which has been determined using many different grading schemes, is the most important measure of user performance. Checks different schemes for possible effects on hypothesis rejection. Applies these grading schemes to 2 sets of queries from 2 different experiments. Examines the outcomes to identify any effect resulting from the grading schemes. Results show that the experimental outcomes are robust and immune to the grading schemes
  
  
  
• 11
  Chan, H.C.: Naturalness of graphical queries based on the entity relationship model.
  In: Journal of database management. 6(1995) no.3, S.3-13.
  
  Abstract: Graphical queries involving 14 different query concepts were used in a study with 27 subjects. The results show that well designed graphical queries can be comprehended without teaching. Not so well designed queries are difficult to comprehend. The natural ability to specify graphical queries is not as good. The results identify clearly those concepts that are naturally easy to specify, and those that are difficult. The findings can be used for designing graphical interfaces, as well as for designing training packages
  
  Themenfeld: OPAC
  
  
• 12
  Chan, H.C. ; Wei, K.K. ; Siau, K.L.: ¬An empirical study on end-users' update performance for different abstraction levels.
  In: International journal of human-computer studies. 41(1994) no.3, S.309-328.
  
  Abstract: A major database task is update, for which performance has not been measured. With the widespread availability of databases, updates will be done frequently by end users. The task is gaining in importance as a measure of the usabiblity of a database system. An experiment was conducted to measure the effect of different abstraction levels on user performance for updates. A conceptual level group used the entity relationship model with an entity relationship query language KQL, while a logical level group used the relational model with the standard relational language SQL. Performance was primarily measured by the accuracy of the update query. Secondary measures of time and confidence were also taken
  
  
  
• 13
  Choi, N. ; Song, I.-Y. ; Han, H.: ¬A survey on ontology mapping.
  In: SIGMOD record. 35(2006) no.3, S.34-41.
  
  Abstract: Ontology is increasingly seen as a key factor for enabling interoperability across heterogeneous systems and semantic web applications. Ontology mapping is required for combining distributed and heterogeneous ontologies. Developing such ontology mapping has been a core issue of recent ontology research. This paper presents ontology mapping categories, describes the characteristics of each category, compares these characteristics, and surveys tools, systems, and related work based on each category of ontology mapping. We believe this paper provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of ontology mapping and points to various research topics about the specific roles of ontology mapping.
  
  Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität