Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 28. April 2022)

Suchergebnisse

• 1
  Howarth, L.C. ; Knight, E.: To every artifact its voice : creating surrogates for hand-crafted indigenous objects.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 53(2015) no.5/6, S.580-595.
  
  Abstract: This article reports on findings from qualitative research undertaken with a group of Aboriginal seniors in Toronto, Canada, to assess how a community-based collection of handcrafted objects could be used to evoke memories of maker culture (craft), as well as to foster meaning-making--all in the course of gathering elements requisite to representing each item in a documented surrogate. The article will discuss how the need to give voice to this unique collection both challenges and enriches traditional approaches to representing and organizing artifacts. A rethinking of surrogate records that center the Indigenous experience in the cataloging process is proposed.
  
  Inhalt: Beitrag in einem Themenheft: Indigenous Knowledge Organization. Vgl.: 10.1080/01639374.2015.1008719.
  
  Wissenschaftsfach: Ethnologie
  
  
• 2
  Howarth, L.C. ; Jansen, E.H.: Towards a typology of warrant for 21st century knowledge organization systems.
  In: Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik. Würzburg : Ergon Verlag, 2014. S.216-221.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol. 14)
  
  Abstract: This paper returns to Beghtol's (1986) insightful typology of warrant to consider an empirical example of a traditional top-down hierarchical classification system as it continues to evolve in the early 21st century. Our examination considers there may be multiple warrants identified among the processes of design and the relationships to users of the National Occupational Classification (NOC), the standard occupational classification system published in Canada. We argue that this shift in semantic warrant signals a transition for traditional knowledge organization systems, and that warrant continues to be a relevant analytical concept and organizing principle, both within and beyond the domain of bibliographic control.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/aiko_vol_14_2014_30.pdf.
  
  Themenfeld: Klassifikationstheorie: Elemente / Struktur
  
  
• 3
  Howarth, L.C.: ISBD as bibliographic content standard : interweaving threads, contemplating a future ISBD as bibliographic content standard: interweaving threads, contemplating a future.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 52(2014) no.8, S.982-999.
  
  Abstract: This summary considers the final articles selected for the special issue, interweaving some common threads that bind them together in their consideration of the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD), consolidated edition, 2011, as a bibliographic content standard. With discussions of (1) the historical and current evolution of the ISBD, (2) the concept of Universal Bibliographic Control relative to an emerging Semantic Web environment, (3) ISBD and national cataloging codes, and (4) the continuing challenges of "non-book" resources, as context, the article concludes by exploring the question, "Is there a future for the ISBD?"
  
  Anmerkung: Contribution in a special issue "ISBD: The Bibliographic Content Standard "
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  Objekt: ISBD
  
  
• 4
  Howarth, L.C.: Clare Beghtol : exploring new approaches to the organization of knowledge.
  In: Knowledge organization. 37(2010) no.2, S.95-100.
  
  Abstract: This issue of Knowledge Organization honour's Clare Lawton Beghtol, recently retired from teaching at the Faculty of Information, University of Toronto, Canada. Clare Beghtol's research and theoretical writings have been important in and to the development of the field of knowledge organization, and have exerted a palpable influence, such that Beghtol would appear to align with the definition of "pioneer." In this special issue, academics with various scholarly connections to Beghtol contribute either an examination and critical assessment of a piece of her work that had especially impressed or influenced them in some manner, or a paper of original research reflective of directions also pursued by Beghtol.
  
  Inhalt: Beitrag in einem Special issue: A Festschrift for Clare Beghtol
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/ko372a.pdf.
  
  
  
• 5
  Howarth, L.C.: "Is there a catalog in your future?" : Celebrating Nancy J. Williamson: Scholar, educator, colleague, mentor.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 48(2010) no.1, S.1-9.
  
  Inhalt: Bezugnahme auf: Williamson, N.J.: Is there a catalog in your future?: Access to information in the year 2006. In: Library resources and technical services. 26(1982), S.122-135.
  
  Anmerkung: Beitrag in einem special issue: Is there a catalog in your future? Celebrating Nancy J. Williamson: Scholar, educator, colleague, mentor
  
  Themenfeld: Katalogfragen allgemein
  
  
• 6
  Weihs, J. ; Howarth, L.C.: Designating materials : from "germane terms" to element types.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 45(2008) no.4, S.3-24.
  
  Abstract: While directions for the use of "germane terms for the physical medium of the work" appeared in the 1964 Rules for Descriptive Cataloging in the Library of Congress: Phonorecords, most libraries choosing to integrate nonbook materials in their collections, either colour-coded their catalogue cards, or added two-digit media codes to call numbers. The first formalized list of "general material designations" (gmds) - placed immediately following the title proper as an early warning device - was published in 1978 in the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. Since their introduction they have been controversial as this investigation of the evolution of material designations explores.
  
  
  
• 7
  Howarth, L.C. ; Weihs, J.: Enigma variations : parsing the riddle of main entry and the "rule of three" from AACR2 to RDA.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 46(2008) no.2, S.201-220.
  
  Abstract: In the ten years since the International Conference on the Principles and Future Development of AACR, long-standing debates have continued as to whether or not to have a "main entry", and whether or not to exercise the rule of three to limit the number of headings or access points in certain cases. Recent proposals from the Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA have recommended a change in "main entry" terminology to "primary access point," and the elimination of the rule of three. This paper explores how and why these shifts have occurred.
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  Objekt: AACR ; RDA
  
  
• 8
  Howarth, L.C.: Creating pathways to memory : enhancing life histories through category clusters.
  In: Culture and identity in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the Tenth International ISKO Conference 5-8 August 2008, Montreal, Canada. Ed. by Clément Arsenault and Joseph T. Tennis. Würzburg : Ergon Verlag, 2008. S.326-332.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.11)
  
  Inhalt: For individuals whose memory and language are intact, making sense of unfamiliar information or objects is a process of matching what is unknown, to what is known through previous learning or experience. The unfamiliar is linked to clusters or categories of the familiar, identifying what is "like" or "nearly like" and excluding all others (De Mey 1982). Most commonly, these are categories on which there is general agreement, sometimes collocated under established terms, labels, or shared naming devices. Classification systems are built on the basis of shared understandings of human knowledge and culture. When memory and/or language are impaired, how does such contextualizing and categorizing occur? Since perception is individual, can a person with cognitive impairment "make sense" of information, an object, a situation, using alternative modes of expression that are less or not language-dependent? This paper reports on preliminary results from a pilot study undertaken as part of exploratory mixed methods research examining the sense-making, sorting, categorization, and recall strategies of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) resulting from early stage dementia.
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl. unter: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/tocs/0497f79b0c0b3ed06/0497f79b0c0b5550a/index.php.
  
  Themenfeld: Klassifikationstheorie: Elemente / Struktur
  
  
• 9
  Weihs, J. ; Howarth, L.C.: Uniform titles from AACR to RDA.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 46(2008) no.4, S.362-384.
  
  Abstract: Even before John Fiske (1878) reminded catalogers of their "duty" to correctly identify authors with the same name, uniform headings had assumed a place and purpose in nineteenth-century catalogs. Rules for names of persons, families, corporate bodies, and places have been developed to ensure consistency of both structure and application. Catalogers agree on the importance of form when creating either uniform headings or uniform titles. Paths diverge at the point of application. Effective collocation by means of uniform titles is entirely dependent on whether or not the option to establish them is exercised. In this article, we explore how the concept and treatment of "uniform title" has evolved within Anglo-American cataloging codes, and is changing within RDA: Resource Description and Access.
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  Objekt: AACR ; RDA
  
  
• 10
  Howarth, L.C. ; Weihs, J.: Making the link: AACR to RDA : part 1: setting the stage.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 45(2007) no.2, S.3-18.
  
  Abstract: In October 1997, the Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR (JSC) held the International Conference on the Principles and Future Development of AACR, in Toronto, Canada, to determine if a changing bibliographic landscape warranted fundamental rethinking of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. This paper follows the thread of those changes as, between 1997 and early 2005, JSC pursued a vigorous schedule towards a third edition of AACR. Cataloguing constituency feedback on a first draft of AACR3 prompted a change in direction to a code with the working title, Resource Description and Access (RDA) - a content standard for multi-formats and communities.
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  Objekt: AACR ; RDA
  
  
• 11
  Howarth, L.C.: Modelling a natural language gateway to metadata-enabled resources.
  In: Knowledge organization and the global information society: Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine. Würzburg : Ergon Verlag, 2004. S.61-66.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.9)
  
  Abstract: Even as the number of Web-enabled resources and knowledge repositories continues its unabated climb, both general purpose and domain-specific metadata schemas are in vigorous development. While this might be viewed as a promising direction for more precise access to disparate metadata-enabled resources, semantically-oriented tools to facilitate cross-domain searching by end-users unfamiliar with structured approaches to language or particular metadata schema conventions have received little attention. This paper describes findings from a focus group assessment of a natural language "gateway" previously derived from mapping, then categorizing terminology from nine metadata schemas. Semantic ambiguities identified in relation to three core metadata elements, namely, "Names", "Title", and "Subject", are discussed relative to data collection techniques employed in the research. Implications for further research, and particularly that pertaining to the design of an Interlingua gateway to multilingual, metadata-enabled resources, are addressed.
  
  Themenfeld: Metadaten ; Information Gateway
  
  
• 12
  Howarth, L.C.: Metadata schemes for subject gateways.
  In: http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/053e-Howarth.pdf.
  
  Inhalt: Deutsche Fassung unter: http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/053g trans-Howarth.pdf
  
  Anmerkung: Vortrag anläßlich der 69. IFLA-Tagung 2003, Berlin (engl. Fassung)
  
  Themenfeld: Information Gateway ; Internet ; Metadaten
  Land/Ort: CAN
  
  
• 13
  Howarth, L.C.: Designing a common namespace for searching metadata-enabled knowledge repositories : an international perspective.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 37(2003) nos.1/2, S.173-185.
  
  Abstract: With the proliferation of digitized resources accessible internationally via Internet and Intranet knowledge bases and a pressing need to develop more sophisticated tools for the identification and retrieval of electronic resources, both general purpose and domain-specific metadata schemes have assumed a particular prominence. This has resulted in a growing number of online repositories that must be accessed using terminology that would be considered unfamiliar to most searchers. Assuming that a natural language "gateway" requiring no prior knowledge of specific metadata tagging could facilitate cross-repository searching, end-users were engaged in focus group testing of a "namespace" of common categories derived from nine metadata schemes. Findings and their implications within an international context are presented.
  
  Inhalt: Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Knowledge organization and classification in international information retrieval"
  
  Themenfeld: Metadaten
  
  
• 14
  Howarth, L.C.: Report on the Metadata Workshop IFLA 2000 Conference Jerusalem, Israel, Thursday 17 August 2000.
  In: International cataloguing and bibliographic control. 30(2001) no.3, S.55-56.
  
  Themenfeld: Metadaten
  
  
• 15
  Howarth, L.C.: Designing a "Human Understandable" metalevel ontology for enhancing resource discovery in knowledge bases.
  In: Dynamism and stability in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 6th International ISKO-Conference, 10-13 July 2000, Toronto, Canada. Ed.: C. Beghtol et al. Würzburg : Ergon, 2000. S.391-397.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.7)
  
  Abstract: With the explosion of digitized resources accessible via networked information systems, and the corresponding proliferation of general purpose and domain-specific schemes, metadata have assumed a special prominence. While recent work emanating from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has focused on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) to support the interoperability of metadata standards - thus converting metatags from diverse domains from merely "machine-readable" to "machine-understandable" - the next iteration, to "human-understandable," remains a challenge. This apparent gap provides a framework for three-phase research (Howarth, 1999) to develop a tool which will provide a "human-understandable" front-end search assist to any XML-compliant metadata scheme. Findings from phase one, the analyses and mapping of seven metadata schemes, identify the particular challenges of designing a common "namespace", populated with element tags which are appropriately descriptive, yet readily understood by a lay searcher, when there is little congruence within, and a high degree of variability across, the metadata schemes under study. Implications for the subsequent design and testing of both the proposed "metalevel ontology" (phase two), and the prototype search assist tool (phase three) are examined
  
  Themenfeld: Metadaten
  Objekt: RDF ; XML
  
  
• 16
  Howarth, L.C.: (Re)making the serials cataloger : the SCCTP within an educational framework.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 30(2000) no.4, S.29-35.
  
  Abstract: The Serials Cooperative Cataloging Program (SCCTP) is reviewed from the standpoint of a library educator. Although the demand for copy catalogers has declined in the era of digital information, the demand for original catalogers has remained constant due, in part, to the growth in titles in different media formats and different languages. Additionally linking to information housed externally or internally and embedding metadata tags for resource discovery are among the new tasks for organizers of information in the Internet era. Increasingly professional organizations are filling the need for continuing education and training for advanced-level catalogers. This article examines the SCCTP as a model for continuous professional development and concludes it is adaptable more generally.
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  
  
• 17
  Howarth, L.C.: Metadata structures and user preferences : designing user-focused knowledge access systems.
  In: Structures and relations in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 5th International ISKO-Conference, Lille, 25.-29.8.1998. Ed.: W. Mustafa el Hadi et al. Würzburg : Ergon, 1998. S.360-366.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.6)
  
  Abstract: Given the paucity of research addressing client preferences for metadata content and display in knowledge access systems, a three-year study involving a sample of Canadian public and academic libraries and their end-users, was undertaken. Gaps between user preferences and the availability and presentation of metadata elements in some current Canadian web-based knowledge access systems were identified. Ideal displays were subsequently prototyped and evaluated. Overall, end-users favoured systems containing brief, concise, and focused metadata elements, restricted to a one-screen, uncluttered display, and enhanced by a variety of hierarchical, associative, and equivalent relationship links.
  
  Themenfeld: Metadaten ; Internet
  
  
• 18
  Howarth, L.C.: ¬An exploratory study into requirements for an interdisciplinary metathesaurus.
  In: Knowledge organization and change: Proceedings of the Fourth International ISKO Conference, 15-18 July 1996, Library of Congress, Washington, DC. Ed.: R. Green. Frankfurt : INDEKS, 1996. S.273-274.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.5)
  
  
  
• 19
  Howarth, L.C. ; Weihs, J.: AACR2R use in Canadian libraries and implications for bibliographic databases.
  In: Library resources and technical services. 39(1995) no.1, S.85-99.
  
  Abstract: Reports a study of Canadian libraries to determine the extent of the application of codes and standards for bibliographic cataloguing records for facilitating the sharing of cataloguing records. The research examined results of a 1992 national survey of Canadian libraries to determine the pattern of use of AACR2R; cataloguing rules for different formats of library materials in various sizes and types of libraries. Analysis of data suggests that smaller libraries with collection sizes of less than 100.000 volumes were less likely than larger libraries to be record contributors. Those cataloguing agencies that were contributing to potentially derivable copy tended to use AACR2R in the majority of cases, perhaps suggesting that the quality of original records being created by self selected respondents to the survey were largely to current standard
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  Objekt: AACR2R
  
  
• 20
  Weihs, J. ; Howarth, L.C.: Nonbook materials : their occurrence and bibliographic description in Canadian libraries.
  In: Library resources and technical services. 39(1995) no.2, S.184-197.
  
  Abstract: Reports results of a 1992 research study to examine the place of 9 general categories of non book materials (audiovisual materials) in Canadian libraries including: the degree to which non book materials have penetrated library collections; the percentage of catalogues collections; and the extent to which the AACR2R has been applied in the cataloguing. Analyzes the 336 survey responses, revealing both that non book materials have achieved a place in library collections and that improvements in their catalogue access are needed
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  Behandelte Form: Nonbook-Materialien
  Objekt: AACR2R