Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 28. April 2022)

Suchergebnisse

• 1
  Nelson, S.J. ; Powell, T. ; Srinivasan, S. ; Humphreys, B.L.: Unified Medical Language System® (UMLS®) Project.
  In: Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates. London : Taylor & Francis, 2009. S.5320-5327.
  
  Abstract: The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) is a long-term research and development effort of the National Library of Medicine, aimed at assisting users in finding information from multiple sources without understanding the intricacies of each particular source. Consisting of three major knowledge sources, a Metathesaurus, a Semantic Network, and a set of lexical processing tools, the UMLS is produced and released twice yearly. Recent efforts have been aimed at expanding coverage in genetics and in clinical vocabularies designed for use in medical record systems. RxNorm, produced and released on a monthly basis, with weekly updates, is an outgrowth of the UMLS, focusing on medication terminology.
  
  Inhalt: Digital unter: http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/E-ELIS3-120043969. Vgl.: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/book/10.1081/E-ELIS3.
  
  Themenfeld: Wissensrepräsentation
  Wissenschaftsfach: Medizin
  Objekt: UMLS
  
  
• 2
  Stuart, S.J. ; Powell, T. ; Humphreys, B.L.: ¬The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) project.
  In: Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.71, [=Suppl.34]. New York : Dekker, 2002. S.369-378.
  
  Abstract: In 1986, Donald A. B. Lindberg, M.D., Director of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), initiated a long-term research and development effort known as the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). Anticipating increasing amounts of biomedical information available in electronic form, he believed that NLM should facilitate the development of advanced information systems that could retrieve and integrate information from a variety of disparate information sources, including bibliographic databases, patient record systems, factual databanks, and knowledge bases. He recognized that a major barrier to effective retrieval and integration of information from multiple sources was the "naming problem," or the variety of different ways that the same concepts are expressed in different information sources and by different information seekers. To address the complex problems of relating user inquiries to the content of biomedical information sources and of aggregating comparable data derived from disparate databases, the NLM assembled a multidisciplinary in-house research group and also awarded a series of research contracts to a number of primarily academic investigators. The first several years of UMLS research were devoted to studying user needs, developing research tools, identifying required capabilities, exploring alternative methods for delivering these capabilities, and defining in general terms the new knowledge sources that would be needed to support integrated use of information from disparate electronic biomedical sources. Based an the results of this early work, the conception of UMLS components as "middleware" designed for use by system developers emerged. Since 1990, NLM has issued annual editions of UMLS knowledge sources and associated lexical programs. Over the past decade, these resources have grown and developed, the methodology of creating them has matured, and their utility has been demonstrated in many different information systems. Today more than 1,000 individuals and institutions worldwide license the UMLS resources, which are free of charge. The majority of the licensees use one or more of the UMLS components in information systems, often in creative and innovative undertakings. The NLM itself uses UMLS components to enhance retrieval from a number of its information devices, including the MEDLINE database available via PubMed, the ClinicalTrials.gov database of ongoing clinical trials sponsored by the National Institutes of Health and other organizations, and the NLM Gateway, which provides a single point of entry to a number of different NLM databases. The library also relies heavily an the UMLS resources in its natural language processing and digital library research programs.
  
  Wissenschaftsfach: Medizin
  Objekt: UMLS
  
  
• 3
  Nelson, S.J. ; Johnston, W.D. ; Humphreys, B.L.: Relationships in Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
  In: Relationships in the organization of knowledge. Eds.: Bean, C.A. u. R. Green. Boston, MA : Kluwer Academic, 2001. S.171-184.
  (Information science and knowledge management; vol.2)
  
  Abstract: Recent efforts to make some of the relationships within McSH more explicit have led to a deeper understanding of the nature of these relationships. This chapter will explore the relationships represented in McSH in the light of that understanding. Every term that occurs may be thought of as representing a concept. One or more terms, comprising one or more concepts, grouped together for important reasons, form a descriptor class. The descriptor class is the basic building block of the thesaurus. Relationships among concepts can be represented expiicitly in the thesaurus, most notably as relationships within the descriptor class. Hierarchical relationships are at the level of the descriptor class. The hierarchies are key in allowing expanded retrievals. The hierarchical relationships, traditionally thought of as broader or narrower (parent-child) relationships, are better understood as representing broader and narrower retrieval sets. Nevertheless, these hierarchical relationships often reflect important broader-narrower relationships between preferred concepts in descriptor classes. Other types of relationships present in the thesaurus include associative relationships, such as the Pharmacologic Actions or see-related cross references, as well as forbidden combination expressions, such as the Entry Combination.
  
  Wissenschaftsfach: Medizin
  Objekt: MeSH
  
  
• 4
  Humphreys, B.L.: ¬The 1994 Unified Medical Language System Knowledge Sources.
  In: Health libraries review. 11(1994) no.3, S.200-203.
  
  Abstract: In 1986 the US National Library of Medicine (NLM) began the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) project, a long term research and development effort designed to address 2 fundamental barriers to effective biomedical information retrieval: the sheer number of potentially relevant machine readble information sources and the variety of vocabularies and classifications used in these disparate sources. The UMLS strategy involves incremental development and wide deployment of a set of Knowledge Sources designed to assist systems developers in building systems that overcome the problems caused by the number and disparity of databases and vocabularies. Describes the 4 Knowledge Sources contained in the Jun 94 ed.: the Metathesaurus, the Semantic Network, the Information Source Map and the SPECIALIST Lexicon. The hope ist that these Knowledge Sources can reduce the level of effort required to produce more functional informatics application
  
  Objekt: UMLS
  
  
• 5
  Lindberg, D.A.B. ; Humphreys, B.L.: ¬The UMLS project : making the conceptual connection between users and the information they need.
  In: Bulletin of the Medical Library Association. 81(1993) no.2, S.170-177.
  
  Abstract: The goal of the Unified Medical Language System, developed by the National Library of Medicine, is to facilitate the development of conceptual connections between users and relevant databases and to guide users, through their search statements, to the most suitable database for their needs. The UMLS model involves a combination of 4 centrally developed Knowledge Sources (Metathesaurus; Semantic Network; and Information Sources Map), and a variety of smart interface programs that make use of these Knowledge Sources to help users to find computerized information. Current priorities for the UMLS project include developing applications that make use of the Knowledge Sources and using feedback from these applications to guide ongoing enhancement and expansion in the direction of the UMLS project in the development of the Knowledge Sources and in their experimental application
  
  Wissenschaftsfach: Medizin
  Objekt: UMLS
  
  
• 6
  Beatty, A. ; Humphreys, B.L.: Serial cataloging under AACR2 : differences and difficulties at the National Library of Medicine.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 3(1983) nos.2/3, S.77-85.
  
  Anmerkung: Simultaneously published as AACR2 and Serials: The American View
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung
  Objekt: AACR2
  Land/Ort: USA