Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 28. April 2022)

Suchergebnisse

• 1
  Shaw, R. ; Rabinowitz, A. ; Golden, P. ; Kansa, E.: Report on and demonstration of the PeriodO period gazetteer.
  In: https://at-web1.comp.glam.ac.uk/pages/research/hypermedia/nkos/nkos2015/content/NKOS2015-presentation-shaw.pdf.
  
  Abstract: The PeriodO period gazetteer documents definitions of historical period names. Each entry of the gazetteer identifies the definition of a single period. To be included in the gazetteer, a definition must a) give the period a name, b) impose some temporal bounds on the period, c) have some implicit or explicit association with a geographical region, and d) have been formally or informally published in some citable source. Much care has been put into giving period definitions stable identifiers that can be resolved to RDF representations of period definitions. Anyone can propose additions of new definitions to PeriodO, and we have implemented an open source web service and browser-based client for distributed versioning and collaborative maintenance of the gazetteer.
  
  Inhalt: Vortrag anlässlich: 14th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems (NKOS) Workshop, TPDL 2015 Conference in Poznan, Poland, Friday 18th September 2015.
  
  Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
  Objekt: PeriodO
  
  
• 2
  Shaw, R. ; Golden, P. ; Buckland, M.: Using linked library data in working research notes.
  In: Linked data and user interaction: the road ahead. Eds.: Cervone, H.F. u. L.G. Svensson. Berlin : DeGruyter Saur, 2015. S.48-65.
  (IFLA publications ; 162)
  
  
  
• 3
  Shaw, R.: Information organization and the philosophy of history.
  In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.6, S.1092-1103.
  (Advances in information science)
  
  Abstract: The philosophy of history can help articulate problems relevant to information organization. One such problem is "aboutness": How do texts relate to the world? In response to this problem, philosophers of history have developed theories of colligation describing how authors bind together phenomena under organizing concepts. Drawing on these ideas, I present a theory of subject analysis that avoids the problematic illusion of an independent "landscape" of subjects. This theory points to a broad vision of the future of information organization and some specific challenges to be met.
  
  Themenfeld: Inhaltsanalyse
  
  
• 4
  Buckland, M. ; Shaw, R.: 4W vocabulary mapping across diiverse reference genres.
  In: Culture and identity in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the Tenth International ISKO Conference 5-8 August 2008, Montreal, Canada. Ed. by Clément Arsenault and Joseph T. Tennis. Würzburg : Ergon Verlag, 2008. S.151-156.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.11)
  
  Inhalt: This paper examines three themes in the design of search support services: linking different genres of reference resources (e.g. bibliographies, biographical dictionaries, catalogs, encyclopedias, place name gazetteers); the division of vocabularies by facet (e.g. What, Where, When, and Who); and mapping between both similar and dissimilar vocabularies. Different vocabularies within a facet can be used in conjunction, e.g. a place name combined with spatial coordinates for Where. In practice, vocabularies of different facets are used in combination in the representation or description of complex topics. Rich opportunities arise from mapping across vocabularies of dissimilar reference genres to recreate the amenities of a reference library. In a network environment, in which vocabulary control cannot be imposed, semantic correspondence across diverse vocabularies is a challenge and an opportunity.
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl. unter: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/tocs/0497f79b0c0b3ed06/0497f79b0c0b5550a/index.php
  
  Themenfeld: Inhaltsanalyse
  
  
• 5
  Shaw, R. ; Buckland, M.: Open identification and linking of the four Ws.
  In: Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas. Göttingen : Univ.-Verl., 2008. S.208.
  
  Abstract: Platforms for social computing connect users via shared references to people with whom they have relationships, events attended, places lived in or traveled to, and topics such as favorite books or movies. Since free text is insufficient for expressing such references precisely and unambiguously, many social computing platforms coin identifiers for topics, places, events, and people and provide interfaces for finding and selecting these identifiers from controlled lists. Using these interfaces, users collaboratively construct a web of links among entities. This model needn't be limited to social networking sites. Understanding an item in a digital library or museum requires context: information about the topics, places, events, and people to which the item is related. Students, journalists and investigators traditionally discover this kind of context by asking "the four Ws": what, where, when and who. The DCMI Kernel Metadata Community has recognized the four Ws as fundamental elements of descriptions (Kunze & Turner, 2007). Making better use of metadata to answer these questions via links to appropriate contextual resources has been our focus in a series of research projects over the past few years. Currently we are building a system for enabling readers of any text to relate any topic, place, event or person mentioned in the text to the best explanatory resources available. This system is being developed with two different corpora: a diverse variety of biographical texts characterized by very rich and dense mentions of people, events, places and activities, and a large collection of newly-scanned books, journals and manuscripts relating to Irish culture and history. Like a social computing platform, our system consists of tools for referring to topics, places, events or people, disambiguating these references by linking them to unique identifiers, and using the disambiguated references to provide useful information in context and to link to related resources. Yet current social computing platforms, while usually amenable to importing and exporting data, tend to mint proprietary identifiers and expect links to be traversed using their own interfaces. We take a different approach, using identifiers from both established and emerging naming authorities, representing relationships using standardized metadata vocabularies, and publishing those representations using standard protocols so that links can be stored and traversed anywhere. Central to our strategy is to move from appearances in a text to naming authorities to the the construction of links for searching or querying trusted resources. Using identifiers from naming authorities, rather than literal values (as in the DCMI Kernel) or keys from a proprietary database, makes it more likely that links constructed using our system will continue to be useful in the future. WorldCat Identities URIs (http://worldcat.org/identities/) linked to Library of Congress and Deutsche Nationalbibliothek authority files for persons and organizations and Geonames (http://geonames.org/) URIs for places are stable identifiers attached to a wealth of useful metadata. Yet no naming authority can be totally comprehensive, so our system can be extended to use new sources of identifiers as needed. For example, we are experimenting with using Freebase (http://freebase.com/) URIs to identify historical events, for which no established naming authority currently exists. Stable identifiers (URIs), standardized hyperlinked data formats (XML), and uniform publishing protocols (HTTP) are key ingredients of the web's open architecture. Our system provides an example of how this open architecture can be exploited to build flexible and useful tools for connecting resources via shared references to topics, places, events, and people.
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl. unter: http://dcpapers.dublincore.org/ojs/pubs/article/view/942/938.
  
  Themenfeld: Semantic Web
  
  
• 6
  Henshaw, R. ; Valauskas, E.J.: Metadata as a catalyst: : experiments with metadata and search engines in the Internet journal, First Monday.
  In: Libri. 51(2001) no.2, S.86-101.
  
  Themenfeld: Metadaten ; Suchmaschinen
  
  
• 7
  Shaw, R.J. ; Willett, P.: On the non-random nature of nearest-neighbour document clusters.
  In: Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.4, S.449-452.
  
  Abstract: It has been suggested that the observed values of retrieval effectiveness that are obtained in searches of files of nearest-neighbour clusters can be explained by assuming that the pairwise inter-document similarities used to construct the clusters have been generated randomly. Such similarities are significantly different from those obtained by a random generation procedure
  
  
  
• 8
  Shaw, R.R.: Classification systems.
  In: Library resources and technical services. 7(1972/73), S.113-118.
  
  
  
• 9
  Shaw, R.R.: Mechanical storage, handling, retrieval and supply of information.
  In: Libri. 8(1958) no.1, S.1-48.
  
  Abstract: The technical and administrative problems involved in the storage, handling, and retrieval of library information are emphasized throughout this detailed account of the present equipment used. Reference is made to previous studies and suggestions given for future research. Particular attention is paid to the need for fundamental systems studies and for full investigation of the requirements of the scholar. The author concludes that the problem was proceeded in a piecemeal and 'gadget' fashion and stresses the need for more detailed analysis of the usefulness and economic justification of each separate piece of machinery, without, however, losing sight of the problem in its entirely. By way of practical illustration a method for making the recources of Harvard University's Lamont Library available to all colleges is suggested at the end.
  
  Themenfeld: Informationsdienstleistungen