Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 04. Juni 2021)

Suchergebnisse

• 1
  Brown, D.J.: Access to scientific research : challenges facing communications in STM.
  Berlin : De Gruyter Saur, 2016. XXII, 423 S.
  ISBN 978-3-11-037516-9
  (Global studies in libraries and information ; Volume 2)
  
  Abstract: The debate about access to scientific research raises questions about the current effectiveness of scholarly communication processes. This book explores, from an independent point of view, the current state of the STM publishing market, new publishing technologies and business models as well as the information habit of researchers, the politics of research funders, and the demand for scientific research as a public good. The book also investigates the democratisation of science including how the information needs of knowledge workers outside academia can be embraced in future.
  
  Inhalt: Inhalt: Chapter 1. Background -- Chapter 2. Definitions -- Chapter 3. Aims, Objectives, and Methodology -- Chapter 4. Setting the Scene -- Chapter 5. Information Society -- Chapter 6. Drivers for Change -- Chapter 7 A Dysfunctional STM Scene? -- Chapter 8. Comments on the Dysfunctionality of STM Publishing -- Chapter 9. The Main Stakeholders -- Chapter 10. Search and Discovery -- Chapter 11. Impact of Google -- Chapter 12. Psychological Issues -- Chapter 13. Users of Research Output -- Chapter 14. Underlying Sociological Developments -- Chapter 15. Social Media and Social Networking -- Chapter 16. Forms of Article Delivery -- Chapter 17. Future Communication Trends -- Chapter 18. Academic Knowledge Workers -- Chapter 19. Unaffiliated Knowledge Workers -- Chapter 20. The Professions -- Chapter 21. Small and Medium Enterprises -- Chapter 22. Citizen Scientists -- Chapter 23. Learned Societies -- Chapter 24. Business Models -- Chapter 25. Open Access -- Chapter 26. Political Initiatives -- Chapter 27. Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 28. Research Questions Addressed
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST. 67(2017) no.8, S.2033-2034 (John M. Budd)
  
  Themenfeld: Elektronisches Publizieren
  
  LCSH: Communication in science ; Research / Methodology ; Science publishing ; Scholarly publishing
  RSWK: Großbritannien / Wissenschaft / Forschungsergebnis / Veröffentlichung ; Großbritannien / Wissenschaftskommunikation
  BK: 02.13 Wissenschaftspraxis ; 02.20 Wissenschaftsinformation ; 06.25 Buchhandel
  DDC: 001.4 / DDC22ger
  GHBS: AGG (SI)
  LCC: Q223
  RVK: AK 28400 ; AP 15950 ; MS 6950 ; AK 26800 ; AK 27000 ; AK 39500 ; AN 78950
  
• 2
  Gingras, Y.: Bibliometrics and research evaluation : uses and abuses.
  Cambridge, MA : MIT Press, 2016. xii, 119 S.
  ISBN 978-0-262-03512-5
  (History and foundations of information science)
  
  Abstract: The research evaluation market is booming. "Ranking," "metrics," "h-index," and "impact factors" are reigning buzzwords. Government and research administrators want to evaluate everything -- teachers, professors, training programs, universities -- using quantitative indicators. Among the tools used to measure "research excellence," bibliometrics -- aggregate data on publications and citations -- has become dominant. Bibliometrics is hailed as an "objective" measure of research quality, a quantitative measure more useful than "subjective" and intuitive evaluation methods such as peer review that have been used since scientific papers were first published in the seventeenth century. In this book, Yves Gingras offers a spirited argument against an unquestioning reliance on bibliometrics as an indicator of research quality. Gingras shows that bibliometric rankings have no real scientific validity, rarely measuring what they pretend to. Although the study of publication and citation patterns, at the proper scales, can yield insights on the global dynamics of science over time, ill-defined quantitative indicators often generate perverse and unintended effects on the direction of research. Moreover, abuse of bibliometrics occurs when data is manipulated to boost rankings. Gingras looks at the politics of evaluation and argues that using numbers can be a way to control scientists and diminish their autonomy in the evaluation process. Proposing precise criteria for establishing the validity of indicators at a given scale of analysis, Gingras questions why universities are so eager to let invalid indicators influence their research strategy.
  
  Inhalt: The origins of bibliometrics -- What bibliometrics teach us about the dynamics of scienceThe proliferation of research evaluation -- The evaluation of research evaluation -- Conclusion: the universities' new clothes?
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 68(2017) no.9, S.2290-2292 (Judit Bar-Ilan). Originaltitel: Dérives de l'évaluation de la recherche.
  
  Themenfeld: Informetrie
  
  LCSH: Bibliometrics ; Research / Evaluation ; Education, Higher / Research / Evaluation ; Universities and colleges / Research / Evaluation
  RSWK: Bibliometrie / Missbrauch / Forschung / Erfolgskontrolle
  BK: 02.13 (Wissenschaftspraxis) Subject | Subject | ; 81.80 (Hochschulen / Fachhochschulen) ; 83.31 (Wirtschaftswachstum)
  DDC: 020.727 / dc23
  LCC: Q180.55.E9
  RVK: AK 28100 ; AN 96300 ; AN 96800 ; QB 100
  
• 3
  Borgman, C.L.: Big data, little data, no data : scholarship in the networked world.
  Cambridge, MA : MIT Press, 2015. XXV, 383 S.
  ISBN 978-0-262-02856-1
  
  Abstract: "Big Data" is on the covers of Science, Nature, the Economist, and Wired magazines, on the front pages of the Wall Street Journal and the New York Times. But despite the media hyperbole, as Christine Borgman points out in this examination of data and scholarly research, having the right data is usually better than having more data; little data can be just as valuable as big data. In many cases, there are no data -- because relevant data don't exist, cannot be found, or are not available. Moreover, data sharing is difficult, incentives to do so are minimal, and data practices vary widely across disciplines. Borgman, an often-cited authority on scholarly communication, argues that data have no value or meaning in isolation; they exist within a knowledge infrastructure -- an ecology of people, practices, technologies, institutions, material objects, and relationships. After laying out the premises of her investigation -- six "provocations" meant to inspire discussion about the uses of data in scholarship -- Borgman offers case studies of data practices in the sciences, the social sciences, and the humanities, and then considers the implications of her findings for scholarly practice and research policy. To manage and exploit data over the long term, Borgman argues, requires massive investment in knowledge infrastructures; at stake is the future of scholarship.
  
  Inhalt: Provocations -- What are data? -- Data scholarship -- Data diversity -- Data scholarship in the sciences -- Data scholarship in the social sciences -- Data scholarship in the humanities -- Sharing, releasing, and reusing data -- Credit, attribution, and discovery of data -- What to keep and why to keep them.
  
  Anmerkung: Weitere Rez. in: JASIST 67(2016) no.3, S.751-753 (C. Tenopir).
  
  
  LCSH: Communication in learning and scholarship / Technological innovations ; Research / Methodology ; Research / Data processing ; Information technology ; Information storage and retrieval systems ; Cyberinfrastructure
  RSWK: Wissenschaft / Digitalisierung ; Forschung / Datenauswertung / Massendaten / Integrität ; Forschung / Datenverarbeitung / Informationssystem / Wissenschaft / E-Science
  BK: 54.04 Ausbildung, Beruf, Organisationen Informatik ; 06.35 Informationsmanagement ; 02.13 Wissenschaftspraxis
  DDC: 004 ; 020
  GHBS: TZB (PB)
  LCC: AZ195
  RVK: AK 28000 ; AK 28400 ; AK 39950
  
• 4
  Hargittai, E. u. C. Sandvig (Hrsg.): Digital research confidential : the secrets of studying behavior online.
  Cambridge, MA : MIT Press, 2015. xi, 271 S.
  ISBN 978-0-262-52820-7
  
  Abstract: The realm of the digital offers both new methods of research and new objects of study. Because the digital environment for scholarship is constantly evolving, researchers must sometimes improvise, change their plans, and adapt. These details are often left out of research write-ups, leaving newcomers to the field frustrated when their approaches do not work as expected. Digital Research Confidential offers scholars a chance to learn from their fellow researchers' mistakes -- and their successes. The book -- a follow-up to Eszter Hargittai's widely read Research Confidential -- presents behind-the-scenes, nuts-and-bolts stories of digital research projects, written by established and rising scholars. They discuss such challenges as archiving, Web crawling, crowdsourcing, and confidentiality. They do not shrink from specifics, describing such research hiccups as an ethnographic interview so emotionally draining that afterward the researcher retreated to a bathroom to cry, and the seemingly simple research question about Wikipedia that mushroomed into years of work on millions of data points. Digital Research Confidential will be an essential resource for scholars in every field.
  
  Inhalt: Preface How to think about digital research / Christian Sandvig and Eszter Hargittai -- "How local is user-generated content" : a 9,000+ word essay on answering a five-word research question" : or how we learned to stop worrying (or worry less) and love the diverse challenges of our fast-moving, geographically-flavored interdisciplinary research area / Darren Gergle and Brent Hecht -- Flash mobs and the social life of public spaces : analyzing online visual data to study new forms of sociability / Virag Molnar and Aron Hsiao -- Social software as social science / Eric Gilbert and Karrie Karahalios -- Hired hands and dubious guesses : adventures in crowdsourced data collection / Aaron Shaw -- Making sense of teen life : strategies for capturing ethnographic data in a networked era / Danah Boyd -- When should we use real names in published accounts of internet research? / Amy Bruckman, Kurt Luther, and Casey Fiesler -- The art of web crawling for social science research / Michelle Shumate and Matthew Weber -- The ethnographic study of visual culture in the age of digitization / Paul Leonardi -- Read/write the digital archive: strategies for historical web research / Megan Sapnar Ankerson -- Big data, big problems, big opportunities : using internet log data to conduct social network analysis research / Brooke Foucault Welles -- Contributors -- References -- Index.
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 67(2017) no.7, S.1802-1803 (Michael Zimmer).
  
  
  LCSH: Social sciences / Research ; Social networks / Research ; Internet searching ; Social scientists / Attitudes
  RSWK: Verhaltensanalyse / Internet / Online-Community / Forschungsmethode / Sozialwissenschaften
  BK: 05.20 Kommunikation und Gesellschaft ; 05.39 Massenkommunikation, Massenmedien: Sonstiges
  DDC: 302.30285 / dc23
  LCC: H62
  RVK: LB 33999 ; MR 2000
  
• 5
  Cronin, B. u. C.R. Sugimoto (Hrsg.): Beyond bibliometrics : harnessing multidimensional indicators of scholarly intent.
  Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press, 2014. VIII, 466 S.
  ISBN 978-0-262-52551-0
  
  Abstract: Bibliometrics has moved well beyond the mere tracking of bibliographic citations. The web enables new ways to measure scholarly productivity and impact, making available tools and data that can reveal patterns of intellectual activity and impact that were previously invisible: mentions, acknowledgments, endorsements, downloads, recommendations, blog posts, tweets. This book describes recent theoretical and practical advances in metrics-based research, examining a variety of alternative metrics -- or "altmetrics" -- while also considering the ethical and cultural consequences of relying on metrics to assess the quality of scholarship. Once the domain of information scientists and mathematicians, bibliometrics is now a fast-growing, multidisciplinary field that ranges from webometrics to scientometrics to influmetrics. The contributors to Beyond Bibliometrics discuss the changing environment of scholarly publishing, the effects of open access and Web 2.0 on genres of discourse, novel analytic methods, and the emergence of next-generation metrics in a performance-conscious age.
  
  Inhalt: Inhalt: Scholars and scripts, spoors and scores / Blaise CroninHistory and evolution of (biblio)metrics / Nicola De Bellis -- The citation : from culture to infrastructure / Paul Wouters -- The data it is me! / Ronald E. Day -- The ethics of evaluative bibliometrics / Jonathan Furner -- Criteria for evaluating indicators / Yves Gingras -- Obliteration by incorporation / Katherine W. McCain -- A network approach to scholarly evaluation / Jevin D. West and Daril A. Vilhena -- Science visualization and discursive knowledge / Loet Leydesdorff -- Measuring interdisciplinarity / Vincent Larivière and Yves Gingras -- Bibliometric standards for evaluating research institutes in the natural sciences / Lutz Bornmann, Benjamin E. Bowman, Jonathan Bauer, Werner Marx, Hermann Schier and Margit Palzenberger -- Identifying and quantifying research strengths using market segmentation / Kevin W. Boyack and Richard Klavans -- Finding and recommending scholarly articles / Michael J. Kurtz and Edwin A. Henneken -- Altmetrics / Jason Priem -- Web impact measures for research assessment / Kayvan Kousha and Mike Thelwall -- Bibliographic references in Web 2.0 / Judit Bar-Illan, Hadas Shema and Mike Thelwall -- Readership metrics / Stefanie Haustein -- Evaluating the work of judges / Peter Hook -- Academic genealogy / Cassidy R. Sugimoto -- A publishing perspective on bibliometrics / Judith Kamalski, Andrew Plume and Mayur Amin -- Science metrics and science policy / Julia Lane, Mark Largent and Rebecca Rosen.
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 67(2016) no.7, S.1780-1783 (Daniel O'Connor).
  
  
  LCSH: Bibliometrics ; Bibliographical citations / Evaluation ; Scholarly publishing / Evaluation ; Scholarly electronic publishing / Evaluation ; Scientific literature / Evaluation ; Research / Evaluation / Statistical methods ; Communication in learning and scholarship / Technological innovations
  RSWK: Bibliometrie / Aufsatzsammlung ; Altmetrische Daten / Aufsatzsammlung
  BK: 06.35 Informationsmanagement ; 02.13 Wissenschaftspraxis
  DDC: 010.72/7 / ddc23
  GHBS: AZC (E)
  LCC: Z669.8
  RVK: AK 28100 ; AN 96300 ; AN 96800
  
• 6
  Coopmans, C. et al. (Hrsg.): Representation in scientific practice revisited.
  Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.] : MIT Press, 2014. IX, 366 S.
  ISBN 978-0-262-52538-1
  (Inside technology)
  
  Abstract: Representation in Scientific Practice, published by the MIT Press in 1990, helped coalesce a long-standing interest in scientific visualization among historians, philosophers, and sociologists of science and remains a touchstone for current investigations in science and technology studies. This volume revisits the topic, taking into account both the changing conceptual landscape of STS and the emergence of new imaging technologies in scientific practice. It offers cutting-edge research on a broad array of fields that study information as well as short reflections on the evolution of the field by leading scholars, including some of the contributors to the 1990 volume. The essays consider the ways in which viewing experiences are crafted in the digital era; the embodied nature of work with digital technologies; the constitutive role of materials and technologies -- from chalkboards to brain scans -- in the production of new scientific knowledge; the metaphors and images mobilized by communities of practice; and the status and significance of scientific imagery in professional and popular culture. ContributorsMorana Alac, Michael Barany, Anne Beaulieu, Annamaria Carusi, Catelijne Coopmans, Lorraine Daston, Sarah de Rijcke, Joseph Dumit, Emma Frow, Yann Giraud, Aud Sissel Hoel, Martin Kemp, Bruno Latour, John Law, Michael Lynch, Donald MacKenzie, Cyrus Mody, Natasha Myers, Rachel Prentice, Arie Rip, Martin Ruivenkamp, Lucy Suchman, Janet Vertesi, Steve Woolgar
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 68(2017) no.4, S.1068-1069 (Hans-Jörg Rheinberger)
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Wissenschaftsfach: Naturwissenschaften
  
  LCSH: Research / Methodology ; Science / Methodology ; Technology / Methodology
  RSWK: Naturwissenschaften / Visualisierung ; Naturwissenschaften / Visualisierung / Wissenschaftsforschung / Wissensrepräsentation / Aufsatzsammlung / Bildliche Darstellung / Methodologie (BVB)
  BK: 30.02 Philosophie und Theorie der Naturwissenschaften ; 30.03 Methoden und Techniken in den Naturwissenschaften ; 02.13 Wissenschaftspraxis
  DDC: 502.2/2 / dc23
  GHBS: ORE (DU) ; KLET (SI)
  LCC: Q180.55.M4
  RVK: MR 2800
  
• 7
  Boom, H. van den: Was ist Information? : zu den Grundlagen der Designforschung.
  Kassel : Kassel University Press GmbH, 2014. 204 S.
  ISBN 978-3-86219-806-1
  
  Abstract: Was ist Information? Die Antwort, die der Autor gibt, lautet: Information ist repräsentierte, logarithmisch gemessene Vielfalt. Diese hier umstandslos gegebene Definition wird im Buch grundlegend erklärt. In einzelnen Schritten, die keine Zwischenschritte auslassen, kann der Leser zu einem vollständigen Verständnis der Information gelangen. Auf dem Weg zu diesem Ziel ergibt sich eine Reihe von Einsichten, in denen der fundamentale Stellenwert des Informationskonzepts für die Grundlagen der Designforschung deutlich wird.
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  Wissenschaftsfach: Kunst
  
  LCSH: Design / Research
  RSWK: Design / Ästhetik / Information / Erkenntnistheorie ; Information / Design / Theorie
  BK: 20.06 Kunstphilosophie Kunsttheorie
  DDC: 745.401 / DDC22ger ; 111.85 ; 740
  GHBS: JZPJ (FH Ac)
  LCC: NK1520
  RVK: ST 120
  
• 8
  Rogers, R.: Digital methods.
  Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press, 2013. 274 S.
  ISBN 978-0-262-01883-8
  
  Abstract: In Digital Methods, Richard Rogers proposes a methodological outlook for social and cultural scholarly research on the Web that seeks to move Internet research beyond the study of online culture. It is not a toolkit for Internet research, or operating instructions for a software package; it deals with broader questions. How can we study social media to learn something about society rather than about social media use? How can hyperlinks reveal not just the value of a Web site but the politics of association? Rogers proposes repurposing Web-native techniques for research into cultural change and societal conditions. We can learn to reapply such "methods of the medium" as crawling and crowd sourcing, PageRank and similar algorithms, tag clouds and other visualizations; we can learn how they handle hits, likes, tags, date stamps, and other Web-native objects. By "thinking along" with devices and the objects they handle, digital research methods can follow the evolving methods of the medium. Rogers uses this new methodological outlook to examine the findings of inquiries into 9/11 search results, the recognition of climate change skeptics by climate-change-related Web sites, the events surrounding the Srebrenica massacre according to Dutch, Serbian, Bosnian, and Croatian Wikipedias, presidential candidates' social media "friends," and the censorship of the Iranian Web. With Digital Methods, Rogers introduces a new vision and method for Internet research and at the same time applies them to the Web's objects of study, from tiny particles (hyperlinks) to large masses (social media).
  
  Inhalt: The end of the virtual : digital methods -- The link and the politics of Web space -- The website as archived object -- Googlization and the inculpable engine -- Search as research -- National Web studies -- Social media and post-demographics -- Wikipedia as cultural reference -- After cyberspace : big data, small data.
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 66(2015) no.12, S.2721-2722 (Kim Holmberg)
  
  Themenfeld: Internet
  
  LCSH: Internet research ; Internet searching ; Web search engines ; World Wide Web / Research ; Social media / Research ; Webometrics ; Internet / Social aspects
  RSWK: Internet / Forschungsmethode ; Internet / Recherche / World Wide Web 2.0 ; Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft / Internet / Methodologie
  BK: 06.74 Informationssysteme ; 54.08 Informatik in Beziehung zu Mensch und Gesellschaft
  DDC: 001.4/202854678
  GHBS: NXZ (SI)
  LCC: ZA4228
  RVK: AP 15640 ; AP 15950 ; AP 18420 ; AN 95000
  
• 9
  Jouis, C. u.a. (Hrsg.): Next generation search engines : advanced models for information retrieval.
  Hershey, PA : IGI Publishing, 2012. 560 S.
  ISBN 978-1-4666-0330-1
  
  Abstract: The main goal of this book is to transfer new research results from the fields of advanced computer sciences and information science to the design of new search engines. The readers will have a better idea of the new trends in applied research. The achievement of relevant, organized, sorted, and workable answers- to name but a few - from a search is becoming a daily need for enterprises and organizations, and, to a greater extent, for anyone. It does not consist of getting access to structural information as in standard databases; nor does it consist of searching information strictly by way of a combination of key words. It goes far beyond that. Whatever its modality, the information sought should be identified by the topics it contains, that is to say by its textual, audio, video or graphical contents. This is not a new issue. However, recent technological advances have completely changed the techniques being used. New Web technologies, the emergence of Intranet systems and the abundance of information on the Internet have created the need for efficient search and information access tools. ; Recent technological progress in computer science, Web technologies, and constantly evolving information available on the Internet has drastically changed the landscape of search and access to information. Web search has significantly evolved in recent years. In the beginning, web search engines such as Google and Yahoo! were only providing search service over text documents. Aggregated search was one of the first steps to go beyond text search, and was the beginning of a new era for information seeking and retrieval. These days, new web search engines support aggregated search over a number of vertices, and blend different types of documents (e.g., images, videos) in their search results. New search engines employ advanced techniques involving machine learning, computational linguistics and psychology, user interaction and modeling, information visualization, Web engineering, artificial intelligence, distributed systems, social networks, statistical analysis, semantic analysis, and technologies over query sessions. Documents no longer exist on their own; they are connected to other documents, they are associated with users and their position in a social network, and they can be mapped onto a variety of ontologies. Similarly, retrieval tasks have become more interactive and are solidly embedded in a user's geospatial, social, and historical context. It is conjectured that new breakthroughs in information retrieval will not come from smarter algorithms that better exploit existing information sources, but from new retrieval algorithms that can intelligently use and combine new sources of contextual metadata. ; With the rapid growth of web-based applications, such as search engines, Facebook, and Twitter, the development of effective and personalized information retrieval techniques and of user interfaces is essential. The amount of shared information and of social networks has also considerably grown, requiring metadata for new sources of information, like Wikipedia and ODP. These metadata have to provide classification information for a wide range of topics, as well as for social networking sites like Twitter, and Facebook, each of which provides additional preferences, tagging information and social contexts. Due to the explosion of social networks and other metadata sources, it is an opportune time to identify ways to exploit such metadata in IR tasks such as user modeling, query understanding, and personalization, to name a few. Although the use of traditional metadata such as html text, web page titles, and anchor text is fairly well-understood, the use of category information, user behavior data, and geographical information is just beginning to be studied. This book is intended for scientists and decision-makers who wish to gain working knowledge about search engines in order to evaluate available solutions and to dialogue with software and data providers.
  
  Inhalt: Enthält die Beiträge: Das, A., A. Jain: Indexing the World Wide Web: the journey so far. Ke, W.: Decentralized search and the clustering paradox in large scale information networks. Roux, M.: Metadata for search engines: what can be learned from e-Sciences? Fluhr, C.: Crosslingual access to photo databases. Djioua, B., J.-P. Desclés u. M. Alrahabi: Searching and mining with semantic categories. Ghorbel, H., A. Bahri u. R. Bouaziz: Fuzzy ontologies building platform for Semantic Web: FOB platform. Lassalle, E., E. Lassalle: Semantic models in information retrieval. Berry, M.W., R. Esau u. B. Kiefer: The use of text mining techniques in electronic discovery for legal matters. Sleem-Amer, M., I. Bigorgne u. S. Brizard u.a.: Intelligent semantic search engines for opinion and sentiment mining. Hoeber, O.: Human-centred Web search. ; Vert, S.: Extensions of Web browsers useful to knowledge workers. Chen, L.-C.: Next generation search engine for the result clustering technology. Biskri, I., L. Rompré: Using association rules for query reformulation. Habernal, I., M. Konopík u. O. Rohlík: Question answering. Grau, B.: Finding answers to questions, in text collections or Web, in open domain or specialty domains. Berri, J., R. Benlamri: Context-aware mobile search engine. Bouidghaghen, O., L. Tamine: Spatio-temporal based personalization for mobile search. Chaudiron, S., M. Ihadjadene: Studying Web search engines from a user perspective: key concepts and main approaches. Karaman, F.: Artificial intelligence enabled search engines (AIESE) and the implications. Lewandowski, D.: A framework for evaluating the retrieval effectiveness of search engines.
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl.: http://www.igi-global.com/book/next-generation-search-engines/59723.
  
  Themenfeld: Suchmaschinen
  
  LCSH: Information retrieval ; Information retrieval / Research ; Information storage and retrieval systems / Research ; Search engines ; Indexation (Economics) ; Data mining ; User interfaces (Computer systems) ; Information behavior
  DDC: 025.042/52
  LCC: ZA3075
  
• 10
  Heinström, J.: From fear to flow : personality and information reactions.
  Oxford : Chandos, 2010. xiii, 225 S.
  ISBN 978-1-84334-514-5
  (Chandos information professional series)
  
  Abstract: This book explores how personality traits may influence attitude, behaviour, and reaction to information. In threatening health situations, for instance, calm people with high self-reliance often react by actively seeking out diagnostic information and treatment alternatives, while more anxious persons may become stagnated and depressed and deliberately avoid information. Persistence and conscientiousness often leads to a problem-solving approach to information seeking: structured and organized with a focus on the outcome. Openness to experience again is often related to enjoyment of information exploration, sometimes to the point of experiencing flow, total immersion in the experience. This book will cover personality related information reactions in contexts such as everyday life, decision-making, work, studies and human-computer interaction.This book introduces a little researched area which is current and needed in our Information Age. It combines knowledge from psychology and information studies.
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 63(2012) no.2, S.424-425 (Andrea J. Copeland)
  
  Themenfeld: Informationsdienstleistungen
  
  LCSH: Information behavior ; Information literacy / Psychological aspects ; Research / Psychological aspects ; Difference (Psychology)
  RSWK: Informationskompetenz / Informationsverhalten / Persönlichkeitsforschung
  DDC: 153.7
  LCC: ZA3075 .H46 2010
  
• 11
  Tunkelang, D.: Faceted search.
  San Rafael, Calif. : Morgan and Claypool, 2009. 80 S.
  ISBN 978-1-598-29999-1
  (Synthesis lectures on information concepts, retrieval & services; 5)
  
  Abstract: We live in an information age that requires us, more than ever, to represent, access, and use information. Over the last several decades, we have developed a modern science and technology for information retrieval, relentlessly pursuing the vision of a "memex" that Vannevar Bush proposed in his seminal article, "As We May Think." Faceted search plays a key role in this program. Faceted search addresses weaknesses of conventional search approaches and has emerged as a foundation for interactive information retrieval. User studies demonstrate that faceted search provides more effective information-seeking support to users than best-first search. Indeed, faceted search has become increasingly prevalent in online information access systems, particularly for e-commerce and site search. In this lecture, we explore the history, theory, and practice of faceted search. Although we cannot hope to be exhaustive, our aim is to provide sufficient depth and breadth to offer a useful resource to both researchers and practitioners. Because faceted search is an area of interest to computer scientists, information scientists, interface designers, and usability researchers, we do not assume that the reader is a specialist in any of these fields. Rather, we offer a self-contained treatment of the topic, with an extensive bibliography for those who would like to pursue particular aspects in more depth.
  
  Inhalt: Table of Contents: I. Key Concepts / Introduction: What Are Facets? / Information Retrieval / Faceted Information Retrieval / II. Research and Practice / Academic Research / Commercial Applications / III. Practical Concerns / Back-End Concerns / Front-End Concerns / Conclusion / Glossary
  
  Anmerkung: Vgl.: https://doi.org/10.2200/S00190ED1V01Y200904ICR005. Vgl. auch: https://www.morganclaypool.com/doi/abs/10.2200/s00190ed1v01y200904icr005.
  
  Themenfeld: Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval
  
  LCSH: Faceted classification / Research ; Internet searching / Research ; Web search engines / Research
  RSWK: Information Retrieval
  BK: 06.74 / Informationssysteme
  GHBS: BCA (FH K) ; AZE (E)
  LCC: TK5105.884
  RVK: AN 95000 ; ST 270
  
• 12
  Pang, B. ; Lee, L.: Opinion mining and sentiment analysis.
  Boston, MA : Now Publ., 2008. IX, 137 S.
  ISBN 978-1-60198-150-9
  (Foundations and trends(r) in information retrieval; 2,1/2)
  
  Abstract: An important part of our information-gathering behavior has always been to find out what other people think. With the growing availability and popularity of opinion-rich resources such as online review sites and personal blogs, new opportunities and challenges arise as people can, and do, actively use information technologies to seek out and understand the opinions of others. The sudden eruption of activity in the area of opinion mining and sentiment analysis, which deals with the computational treatment of opinion, sentiment, and subjectivity in text, has thus occurred at least in part as a direct response to the surge of interest in new systems that deal directly with opinions as a first-class object. Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis covers techniques and approaches that promise to directly enable opinion-oriented information-seeking systems. The focus is on methods that seek to address the new challenges raised by sentiment-aware applications, as compared to those that are already present in more traditional fact-based analysis. The survey includes an enumeration of the various applications, a look at general challenges and discusses categorization, extraction and summarization. Finally, it moves beyond just the technical issues, devoting significant attention to the broader implications that the development of opinion-oriented information-access services have: questions of privacy, vulnerability to manipulation, and whether or not reviews can have measurable economic impact. To facilitate future work, a discussion of available resources, benchmark datasets, and evaluation campaigns is also provided. Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis is the first such comprehensive survey of this vibrant and important research area and will be of interest to anyone with an interest in opinion-oriented information-seeking systems.
  
  Inhalt: Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. Applications 3. General Challenges 4. Classification and Extraction 5. Summarization 6. Broader Implications 7. Publicly Available Resources 8. Concluding Remarks References
  
  
  LCSH: Information behavior ; Research ; Information retrieval ; Public opinion ; Text processing (Computer science)
  RSWK: World Wide Web / Meinungsäußerung / Data Mining ; Data Mining / Psycholinguistik (BVB)
  BK: 54.72 (Künstliche Intelligenz)
  LCC: Z3075
  RVK: ST 530
  
• 13
  Fisher, K.E. u.a. (Hrsg.): Theories of information behavior.
  Medford, NJ : Information Today, 2005. xxii, 431 S.
  ISBN 1-57387-230-X
  (ASIST monograph series)
  
  Inhalt: Inhalt: An Introduction to Metatheories, Theories, and Models (Marcia J. Bates) - What Methodology Does to Theory: Sense-Making Methodology as Exemplar (Brenda Dervin) Evolution in Information Behavior Modeling Wilson's Model (T.D. Wilson) - Affective Load (Diane Nahl) - Anomalous State of Knowledge (Nicholas J. Belkin) - Archival Intelligence (Elizabeth Yakel) - Bandura's Social Cognition (Makiko Miwa) - Berrypicking (Marcia J. Bates) - Big6 Skills for Information Literacy (Carrie A. Lowe and Michael B. Eisenberg) - Chang's Browsing (Chan-Ju L. Chang) - Chatman's Information Poverty (Julie Hersberger) - Chatman's Life in the Round (Crystal Fulton) - Cognitive Authority (Soo Young Rieh) - Cognitive Work Analysis (Raya Fidel and Annelise Mark Pejtersen) - Collective Action Dilemma (Marc Smith and Howard T. Weiser) - Communicative Action (Gerald Benoît) - Communities of Practice (Elisabeth Davies) - Cultural Models of Hall and Hofstede (Anita Komlodi) - Dervin's Sense-Making (Tonyia J. Tidline) - Diffusion Theory (Darian Lajoie-Paquette) - The Domain Analytic Approach to Scholars' Information Practices (Sanna Talja) - Ecological Theory of Human Information Behavior (Kirsty Williamson) - Elicitation as Micro-Level Information Seeking (Mei-Mei Wu) - Ellis's Model of InformationSeeking Behavior (David Ellis) - Everyday Life Information Seeking (Reijo Savolainen) - Face Threat (Lorri Mon) - Flow Theory (Charles Naumer) - General Model of the Information Seeking of Professionals (Gloria J. Leckie) - The Imposed Query (Melissa Gross) - Information Acquiringand-Sharing (Kevin Rioux) - Information Activities in Work Tasks (Katriina Byström) - Information Encountering (Sanda Erdelez) - Information Grounds (Karen E. Fisher) - Information Horizons (Diane H. Sonnenwald) - Information Intents (Ross J. Todd) - Information Interchange (Rita Marcella and Graeme Baxter) - Institutional Ethnography (Roz Stooke) - Integrative Framework for Information Seeking and Interactive Information Retrieval (Peter Ingwersen) - Interpretative Repertoires (Pamela J. McKenzie) - Krikelas's Model of Information Seeking (Jean Henefer and Crystal Fulton) - Kuhlthau's Information Search Process (Carol Collier Kuhlthau) - Library Anxiety (Patricia Katopol) - Monitoring and Blunting (Lynda M. Baker) - Motivational Factors for Interface Design (Carolyn Watters and Jack Duffy) - Network Gatekeeping (Karine Barzilai-Nahon) - Nonlinear Information Seeking (Allen Foster) - Optimal Foraging (JoAnn Jacoby) - Organizational Sense Making and Information Use (Anu Maclntosh-Murray) - The PAIN Hypothesis (Harry Bruce) - ; Perspectives on the Tasks in which Information Behaviors Are Embedded (Barbara M. Wildemuth and Anthony Hughes) - Phenomenography (Louise Limberg) - Practice of Everyday Life (Paulette Rothbauer) - Principle of Least Effort (Donald O. Case) - Professions and Occupational Identities (Olof Sundin and Jenny Hedman) - Radical Change (Eliza T. Dresang) - Reader Response Theory (Catherine Sheldrick Ross) - Rounding and Dissonant Grounds (Paul Solomon) - Serious Leisure (Jenna Hartel) - Small-World Network Exploration (Lennart Björneborn) - Nan Lin's Theory of Social Capital (Catherine A. Johnson) - The Social Constructionist Viewpoint on Information Practices (Kimmo Tuominen, Sanna Talja, and Reijo Savolainen) - Social Positioning (Lisa M. Given) - The Socio-Cognitive Theory of Users Situated in Specific Contexts and Domains (Birger Hjoerland) - Strength of Weak Ties (Christopher M. Dixon) - Symbolic Violence (Steven Joyce) - Taylor's Information Use Environments (Ruth A. Palmquist) - Taylor's Question-Negotiation (Phillip M. Edwards) - Transtheoretical Model of the Health Behavior Change (C. Nadine Wathen and Roma M. Harris) - Value Sensitive Design (Batya Friedman and Nathan G. Freier) - Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (Lynne (E. E) McKechnie) - Web Information Behaviors of Organizational Workers (Brian Detlor) - Willingness to Return (Tammara Combs Turner and Joan C. Durrance) - Women's Ways of Knowing (Heidi Julien) - Work Task Information-Seeking and Retrieval Processes (Preben Hansen) - World Wide Web Information Seeking (Don Turnbull)
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 59(2006) H.3, S.90-93 (O. Oberhauser): "What a marvellous book! [dies vorwegnehmend als Quintessenz der folgenden Rezension und auch für den englischsprachigen Verlag gedacht]. Den drei Herausgeberinnen, die an den Universitäten von Washington (Seattle, WA), Missouri (Columbia, MO) und Western Ontario (London, Kanada) lehren, ist das seltene Kunststück geglückt, einen Band zu erstellen, der nicht nur als mustergültige Einführung in die Thematik human information behaviour zu dienen vermag, sondern gleichzeitig auch als Nachschlagewerk zu den vielfältigen theoretischen Ansätzen innerhalb dieser bedeutenden Teildisziplin der Informationswissenschaft herangezogen werden kann. Wie sie selbst in der Danksagung feststellen, ist das Buch "a collaborative work of the information behavior community" (S. xvii), wobei die editorische Leistung vor allem darin lag, 85 Beitragende aus zehn Ländern zu koordinieren bzw. zur Abfassung von 72 Artikeln von jeweils ähnlicher Länge (bzw. Knappheit und Kürze), Gestaltung und Lesbarkeit zu veranlassen. Unter diesen 85 Beitragenden ist im übrigen alles versammelt, was in dieser Teildisziplin Rang und Namen hat, mit Ausnahme der leider bereits verstorbenen Soziologin Elfreda A. Chatman, einer der einflussreichsten Theoretikerinnen im Bereich des Informationsverhaltens, deren Andenken das Buch auch gewidmet ist. ; Im Gegensatz zur früher üblichen Praxis, Informationsverhalten auf die Aktivitäten der Informationssuche zu beschränken, folgt man heute Tom Wilsons Definition, wonach es sich dabei um "the totality of human behaviour in relation to sources and channels of information, including both active and passive information-seeking, and information use" handelt, bzw. jener von Karen Pettigrew [nunmehr Fisher] et al., "how people need, seek, give and use information in different contexts". Im Laufe der letzten Jahre, ja schon Jahrzehnte, hat sich dazu ein fast nicht mehr überschaubarer Bestand an Literatur angesammelt, der sich sowohl aus theoretischen bzw. theoretisierenden, als auch aus auch praktischen bzw. empirischen Arbeiten zusammensetzt. Einige wenige dieser theoretischen Ansätze haben weite Verbreitung gefunden, werden in Studiengängen der Informationswissenschaft gelehrt und tauchen in der laufend veröffentlichten Literatur immer wieder als Basis für empirische Untersuchungen oder modifizierende Weiterentwicklungen auf. Das Buch beginnt mit drei Grundsatzartikeln, die von herausragenden Vertretern des gegenständlichen Themenbereichs verfasst wurden. Im ersten und längsten dieser Beiträge, An Introduction to Metatheories, Theories and Models (S. 1-24), gibt Marcia J. Bates (Los Angeles, CA), zunächst eine wissenschaftstheoretische Einführung zu den drei im Titel genannten Begriffen, nicht ohne darauf hinzuweisen, dass der Großteil der theoretisierenden Ansätze in unserer Disziplin erst dem Modellstadium angehört. Am Beispiel des Principle of Least Effort zeigt sie, dass selbst für diesen am besten abgesicherten Befund der Forschung zum Informationsverhalten, keine ausreichende theoretische Begründung existiert. In der Folge versucht Bates, die in der Informationswissenschaft gängigen Metatheorien zu identifizieren und gelangt dabei zu der folgenden Kategorisierung, die auch als Bezugsrahmen für die Einordnung der zahlreichen in diesem Buch dargestellten Modelle dienen kann: ; 1. historisch (die Gegenwart aus der Vergangheit heraus verstehen) 2. konstruktivistisch (Individuen konstruieren unter dem Einfluss ihres sozialen Kontexts das Verständnis ihrer Welten) 3. diskursanalytisch (Sprache konstituiert die Konstruktion der Identität und die Ausbildung von Bedeutungen) 4. philosophisch-analytisch (rigorose Analyse von Begriffen und Thesen) 5. kritische Theorie (Analyse versteckter Macht- und Herrschaftsmuster) 6. ethnographisch (Verständnis von Menschen durch Hineinversetzen in deren Kulturen) 7. sozialkognitiv (sowohl das Denken des Individuums als auch dessen sozialer bzw. fachlicher Umraum beeinflussen die Informationsnutzung) 8. kognitiv (Fokus auf das Denken der Individuen im Zusammenhang mit Suche, Auffindung und Nutzung von Information) 9. bibliometrisch (statistische Eigenschaften von Information) 10. physikalisch (Signalübertragung, Informationstheorie) 11. technisch (Informationsbedürfnisse durch immer bessere Systeme und Dienste erfüllen) 12. benutzerorientierte Gestaltung ("usability", Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion) 13. evolutionär (Anwendung von Ergebnissen von Biologie und Evolutionspsychologie auf informationsbezogene Phänomene). Bates Beitrag ist, wie stets, wohldurchdacht, didaktisch gut aufbereitet und in klarer Sprache abgefasst, sodass man ihn mit Freude und Gewinn liest. Zu letzterem trägt auch noch die umfangreiche Liste von Literaturangaben bei, mit der sich insbesondere die 13 genannten Metatheorien optimal weiterverfolgen lassen. . . . ; Zusammenfassend möchte ich folgende Behauptung wagen: Wer dieses Buch gründlich studiert (und natürlich auch die zahlreichen Literaturhinweise verfolgt), kennt mehr oder weniger alles, was es zum Themenbereich Informationsverhalten - als Teildisziplin der Informationswissenschaft - zu wissen gibt. Kann man über ein Buch noch etwas Besseres sagen? Und kann man voraussehen, welche neuen metatheoretischen Ansätze mit einer solchen Gesamtschau noch gefunden können und werden? In formaler Hinsicht bietet der Verlag Information Today mit dem vorliegenden Buch einen ansprechend gestalteten Hardcover-Band ohne größere Mängel und mit einem dem Gebotenen angemessenen Preis. Von dem fast 30 Seiten langen kombinierten Namens- und Sachregister könnten manche europäischen Verlage - die diesbezüglich eher auf Einsparung setzen oder wenig professionelle Register anbieten - lernen, wie man derlei macht. Als fehlend könnte man vielleicht einen Anhang mit den Kurzbiographien aller Beitragenden empfinden, doch mag es verständlich erscheinen, dass dies angesichts deren großer Zahl auf eine Vorstellung der drei Herausgeberinnen beschränkt wurde. Nicht gefallen hat mir der wenig konsistente Zitierstil bei den bibliographischen Angaben, einschließlich der Mode, beim Zitieren von Zeitschriftenaufsätzen vorgeblich redundante Heftangaben wegzulassen. Über die Exaltation der dritten Herausgeberin, ihrem Vornamen (auch auf dem Titelblatt!) noch den Klammerausdruck "(E. F.)" hinzuzufügen, sei rasch der Mantel des Schweigens gebreitet. In Summe daher, wie schon eingangs festgestellt wurde, ein vorzügliches und sehr empfehlenswertes Buch." ; Weitere Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.2, S.303 (D.E. Agosto): "Due to the brevity of the entries, they serve more as introductions to a wide array of theories than as deep explorations of a select few. The individual entries are not as deep as those in more traditional reference volumes, such as The Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science (Drake, 2003) or The Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST) (Cronin, 2005), but the overall coverage is much broader. This volume is probably most useful to doctoral students who are looking for theoretical frameworks for nascent research projects or to more veteran researchers interested in an introductory overview of information behavior research, as those already familiar with this subfield also will probably already be familiar with most of the theories presented here. Since different authors have penned each of the various entries, the writing styles vary somewhat, but on the whole, this is a readable, pithy volume that does an excellent job of encapsulating this important area of information research."
  
  Themenfeld: Informationsdienstleistungen
  Wissenschaftsfach: Kommunikationswissenschaften
  
  LCSH: Information behavior ; Information retrieval ; Research ; Information resources ; Information science
  RSWK: Information Retrieval / Informationsverhalten / Aufsatzsammlung
  BK: 02.13 / Wissenschaftspraxis ; 06.74 / Informationssysteme ; 05.38 / Neue elektronische Medien
  DDC: 020.72
  LCC: ZA3075.T465 2005
  RVK: AN 93000
  
• 14
  Gorman, G.E. ; Clayton, P.: Qualitative research for the information professional : a practical handbook.2nd ed.
  London : Facet, 2005. xxi, 282 S.
  ISBN 1-85604-472-6
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 57(2006) no.12, S.1708-1709 (D.E. Agosto): "Published just 7 years after the first edition was released, this second edition of Qualitative Research for the Information Professional: A Practical Handbook lives up to its title; it is indeed practical. Most general texts about qualitative research are long on theory and short on specific instructions (e.g., Denzin & Lincoln, 2000; Lincoln & Guba, 1985; Miles & Huberman, 1984). The opposite is true here. A qualitative research newcomer could conceivably read this text and then undertake a small-scale project on his or her own. The newcomer would be wise to supplement this highly pragmatic text with another text of greater theoretical value (such as the previously mentioned Denzin & Lincoln, 2000; Lincoln & Guba, 1985; or Miles & Huberman, 1984), because Gorman and Clayton's volume discusses specific qualitative methods within a largely decontextualized framework, divorcing the methods from the various philosophical and sociological perspectives that underlie them. The book is divided into 14 chapters. Each chapter discusses a step in the qualitative research process or details a particular qualitative research method. Each chapter begins with Focus Questions, which briefly summarize the main themes, and concludes with suggestions for further reading. Each chapter also includes one or more Research Scenarios (some fictional, sone apparently drawn from the authors' own experiences, although citations to particular projects are not given) to illustrate the main points discussed in the chapter. For example, Chapter 6, Beginning Fieldwork, includes a research scenario entitled Gaining Entry by Fitting the Surroundings. It discusses various entry barriers met by a researcher who studied the status of librarians within the organizational culture of a theological college, and his search for a suitable key informant. . . . Overall, the writing is clear and uncomplicated, and the authors occasionally interject humorous comments to sustain reader interest, for instance: "Telling an information professional how to conduct a literature review would be akin to showing a used car salesman how to wind back an odometer" (p. 72-73), and "We would term this `killing two birds with one stone' if we were not, in fact, bird fanciers (we need not mention our poor aim)" (p. 243). This work would be particularly useful as a text in a master's-level action research course or as a how-to guide for a working information professional interested in undertaking an action research project."
  
  
  LCSH: Information science / Research ; Qualitative research / Methodology
  RSWK: Bibliothek / Qualitätsmanagement ; Bibliothek / Informationsmanagement ; Bibliothek / Evaluation
  DDC: 020.72 / dc21
  LCC: Z669.7.G675 2005
  
• 15
  Kuhlthau, C.C: Seeking meaning : a process approach to library and information services.2nd ed.
  Westport, CT : Libraries Unlimited, 2004. XVII, 247 S.
  ISBN 1-59158-094-3
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: Information Research, 9(3), review no. R129 (T.D. Wilson): "The first edition of this book was published ten years ago and rapidly become something of a classic in the field of information seeking behaviour. It is good to see the second edition which incorporates not only the work the author has done since 1993, but also related work by other researchers. Kuhlthau is one of the most cited authors in the field and her model of the information search process, involving stages in the search and associated feelings, has been used by others in a variety of contexts. However, what makes this book different (as was the case with the first edition) is the author's dedication to the field of practice and the book's sub-title demonstrates her commitment to the transfer of research. In Kuhlthau's case this is the practice of the school library media specialist, but her research has covered students of various ages as well as a wide range of occupational groups. Because the information search model is so well known, I shall concentrate in this review on the relationship between the research findings and practice. It is necessary, however, to begin with the search process model, because this is central. Briefly, the model proposes that the searcher goes through the stages of initiation, selection, exploration, formulation, collection and presentation, and, at each stage, experiences various feelings ranging from optimism and satisfaction to confusion and disappointment. Personally, I occasionally suffer despair, but perhaps that is too extreme for most! ; It is important to understand the origins of Kuhlthau's ideas in the work of the educational theorists, Dewey, Kelly and Bruner. Putting the matter in a rather simplistic manner, Dewey identified stages of cognition, Kelly attached the idea of feelings being associated with cognitive stages, and Bruner added the notion of actions associated with both. We can see this framework underlying Kuhlthau's research in her description of the actions undertaken at different stages in the search process and the associated feelings. Central to the transfer of these ideas to practice is the notion of the 'Zone of Intervention' or the point at which an information seeker can proceed more effectively with assistance than without. Kuhlthau identifies five intervention zones, the first of which involves intervention by the information seeker him/herself. The remaining four involve interventions of different kinds, which the author distinguishes according to the level of mediation required: zone 2 involves the librarian as 'locater', i.e., providing the quick reference response; zone 3, as 'identifier', i.e., discovering potentially useful information resources, but taking no further interest in the user; zone 4 as 'advisor', i.e., not only identifying possibly helpful resources, but guiding the user through them, and zone 5 as 'counsellor', which might be seen as a more intensive version of the advisor, guiding not simply on the sources, but also on the overall process, through a continuing interaction with the user. Clearly, these processes can be used in workshops, conference presentations and the classroom to sensitise the practioner and the student to the range of helping strategies that ought to be made available to the information seeker. However, the author goes further, identifying a further set of strategies for intervening in the search process, which she describes as 'collaborating', 'continuing', 'choosing', 'charting', 'conversing' and 'composing'. 'Collaboration' clearly involves the participation of others - fellow students, work peers, fellow researchers, or whatever, in the search process; 'continuing' intervention is associated with information seeking that involves a succession of actions - the intermediary 'stays with' the searcher throughout the process, available as needed to support him/her; 'choosing', that is, enabling the information seeker to identify the available choices in any given situation; 'charting' involves presenting a graphic illustration of the overall process and locating the information seeker in that chart; 'conversing' is the encouragement of discussion about the problem(s), and 'composing' involves the librarian as counsellor in encouraging the information seeker to document his/her experience, perhaps by keeping a diary of the process. ; Together with the zones of intervention, these ideas, and others set out in the book, provide a very powerful didactic mechanism for improving library and information service delivery. Of course, other things are necessary - the motivation to work in this way, and the availability resources to enable its accomplishment. Sadly, at least in the UK, many libraries today are too financially pressed to do much more than the minimum helpful intervention in the information seeking process. However, that should not serve as a stick with which to beat the author: not only has she performed work of genuine significance in the field of human information behaviour, she has demonstrated beyond question that the ideas that have emerged from her research have the capability to help to deliver more effective services." Auch unter: http://informationr.net/ir/reviews/revs129.html
  
  Themenfeld: Information
  
  LCSH: Reference services (Libraries) ; Reference services (Libraries) / United States / Case studies ; Library research ; Library research / United States / Case studies ; Information retrieval ; Searching behavior
  RSWK: USA / Bibliothek / Informationsmanagement
  BK: 06.30 Bibliothekswesen ; 06.60 Bibliotheksbenutzung ; 06.35 Informationsmanagement
  DDC: 025.5/2 / dc22
  GHBS: BAHK (FH K) ; AVY (DU) ; TWY (DU) ; TVV (DU)
  LCC: Z711.K84 2004
  
• 16
  Collins, H. ; Pinch, T.: ¬Der Golem der Forschung : Wie unsere Wissenschaft die Natur erfindet.
  Berlin : Berlin Verlag, 1999. 240 S.
  ISBN 3-8270-0334-2
  
  Abstract: Anhand von 7 konkreten Fallbeispielen (u.a. Relativitätstheorie, Sexualverhalten von Eidechsen, Gedächtnis von Würmern) wird über Forschungsmethoden, Experimente und deren Auswirkung auf der Suche nach der Wahrheit kritisch berichtet. "Nicht der experimentelle "Beweis" gibt den Ausschlag für das, was "wahr" sein wird, sondern die innerhalb der Gesellschaft ablaufende Einigung über einen neuen Konsens". Das ist einer der Kernsätze dieses Werkes über Forschungsmethoden, über Experimente und ihre Auswertung in den Naturwissenschaften. Die Autoren, ein Wissenschaftssoziologe und ein Wissenschaftshistoriker, beschreiben 7 Fallgeschichten (u.a. Relativitätstheorie, kalte Kernfusion, Sexualverhalten von Eidechsen, Gedächtnis von Würmern) und erörtern dabei vor allem die Kontroversen um die Interpretation der Ergebnisse, um die Suche nach "Wahrheit". Diese wird, so zeigen sie, öfter von Eitelkeit und Rechthaberei bestimmt, als die Naturwissenschaftler selbst zugeben wollen. Das - natürlich - kontrovers diskutierte Buch (in den USA liegt bereits die 2. Auflage vor) kann nicht nur Studenten und Wissenschaftlern sehr empfohlen werden.
  
  Inhalt: Originaltitel: The golem
  
  Anmerkung: Rez. in: Spektrum der Wissenschaft 2000, H.5, S.106-107 (C. Pöppe)
  
  Wissenschaftsfach: Naturwissenschaften
  
  LCSH: Research ; Philosophy ; History
  RSWK: Naturwissenschaften / Forschung / Geschichte 1900-1992
  BK: 30.01 / Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften ; 30.02 / Philosophie und Theorie der Naturwissenschaften
  ASB: Uaq
  SFB: Nat 22
  GHBS: STF (PB) ; AGL (PB) ; HLR (PB) ; STS (PB) ; STC (SI)
  KAB: N 010
  LCC: Q 175
  RVK: TB 2385 Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft / Nachschlagewerke und Bibliographien aus dem Gesamtgebiet der Naturwissenschaften und der Geschichte der Allgemeinen Naturwissenschaft / Geschichte der Allgemeinen Naturwissenschaft / Neuzeit / 20. Jahrhundert ; TB 6400 Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft / Nachschlagewerke und Bibliographien aus dem Gesamtgebiet der Naturwissenschaften und der Geschichte der Allgemeinen Naturwissenschaft / Grenzfragen der Naturwissenschaften / Naturwissenschaften und Gesellschaft ; CC 3200 Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie / Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie / Abhandlungen zur allgemeinen Wissenschaftstheorie
  
• 17
  Furner, J. u. D.J. Harper (Hrsg.): Information retrieval research : Proceedings of the 19th Annual BCS-IRSG Colloquium on IR Research, Aberdeen, Scotland, 8-9 April 1997.Online version.
  Berlin : Springer, 1997. VI,7 S.
  ISBN 3-540-76184-5
  (Electronic workshops in computing)
  
  
  LCSH: Information storage and retrieval systems / Research / Congresses ; Information retrieval / Research / Congresses
  RSWK: Information retrieval / Kongress / Aberdeen <1997>
  DDC: 025.04
  
• 18
  Kammer, M.: Literarische Datenbanken : Anwendungen der Datenbanktechnologie in der Literaturwissenschaft.
  München : Fink, 1996. 259 S.
  ISBN 3-7705-2983-9
  
  Anmerkung: Zugl.: Siegen., Univ., Habil.-Schr.
  
  Wissenschaftsfach: Literaturwissenschaft
  
  LCSH: Literature / Databases ; Literature / Research / Databases
  RSWK: Literaturwissenschaft / Datenbank / Information Retrieval ; Datenbank / Literaturwissenschaft (BVB)
  BK: 06.74 Informationssysteme ; 18.00 Einzelne Sprachen und Literaturen allgemein ; 17.03 Theorie und Methoden der Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft ; 17.90 Literatur in Beziehung zu anderen Bereichen von Wissenschaft und Kultur
  Eppelsheimer: All B 87 / Literaturrecherche ; Spr J 68 / Computerliteraturwissenschaft
  GHBS: BTX (DU) ; TWY (DU) ; BJM (DU) ; ZZZA (SI) ; BER (W)
  LCC: PN73.K28 1995
  RVK: EC 1640 Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft. Indogermanistik. Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen / Allgemeine und vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft. / Methoden der Literaturwissenschaft / Allgemeine Literaturwissenschaft / Einzelne Methoden EC 1300 Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft. Indogermanistik. Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen / Allgemeine und vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft. / Hilfswissenschaften / Datenverarbeitung für Literaturwissenschaftler EC 1600 Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft. Indogermanistik. Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen / Allgemeine und vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft. / Methoden der Literaturwissenschaft / Allgemeines
  
• 19
  Mittelstraß, J.: Leonardo-Welt : Über Wissenschaft, Forschung und Verantwortung.2. Aufl.
  Frankfurt : Suhrkamp, 1996. 326 S.
  ISBN 3-518-28642-0
  (Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Wissenschaft ; 1042)
  
  Wissenschaftsfach: Wissenschaftstheorie
  
  LCSH: Philosophy and science ; Leonardo, da Vinci, 1452 / 1519 ; Learning ; Research ; Responsibility
  RSWK: Technisches Zeitalter / Aufsatzsammlung ; Wissenschaft / Aufsatzsammlung ; Wissenschaftsethik / Aufsatzsammlung ; Wissenschaft / Kongress / Göttingen <1998> (BVB) ; Verantwortung / Technisches Zeitalter (BVB) ; Technischer Fortschritt / Umweltschutz (BVB) ; Verantwortung / Technischer Fortschritt / Aufsatzsammlung (BVB)
  BK: 02.10 / Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft ; 30.02 / Philosophie und Theorie der Naturwissenschaften ; 08.38 / Ethik
  Eppelsheimer: All E 74 ; All E 73 / Verantwortung
  GHBS: AGF (FH K) ; HLB (DU) ; HIIM (E)
  LCC: B67.M54 1992
  RVK: CC 3200 Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie / Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie / Abhandlungen zur allgemeinen Wissenschaftstheorie ; CB 4100 Philosophie / Allgemeines / Lexika, Nachschlagewerke, Enzyklopädien, Gesammelte Abhandlungen / Gesammelte Abhandlungen einzelner Gelehrter ; CC 8280 Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie / Geschichts- und Kulturphilosophie / Technik und Wissenschaft als Kulturproblem ; MS 1120 Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien / Gesamtgesellschaften / Beschreibung einzelner Institutionen (auch science)
  
• 20
  DiRenzo, T.G.: Developing new markets for information products.
  Philadelphia, PA : NFAIS, 1994. XI,123 S.
  ISBN 0-942308-39-5
  (NFAIS report series; 1993,1)
  
  Themenfeld: Information Resources Management
  
  LCSH: Information services industry / Management ; Information services / Marketing ; Databases / Marketing ; Marketing research
  BK: 83.73 / Dienstleistungen: Sonstiges
  GHBS: BCGA (FH K)
  LCC: HD9999.I492D57 1993