Literatur zur Informationserschließung
Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.
© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft
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1Nguyen-Kim, M.T.: ¬Die kleinste gemeinsame Wirklichkeit : wahr, falsch, plausibel? : die größten Streitfragen wissenschaftlich geprüft.
München : Dromer, 2021. 367 S.
ISBN 978-3-426-27822-2
Abstract: Die bekannte Wissenschaftsjournalistin Dr. Mai Thi Nguyen-Kim untersucht mit analytischem Scharfsinn und unbestechlicher Logik brennende Streitfragen unserer Gesellschaft. Mit Fakten und wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen kontert sie Halbwahrheiten, Fakes und Verschwörungsmythen - und zeigt, wo wir uns mangels Beweisen noch zurecht munter streiten dürfen. Themen: Die Legalisierung von Drogen, Videospiele, Gewalt, Gender Pay Gap, systemrelevante Berufe, Care-Arbeit, Lohngerechtigkeit, Big Pharma vs. Alternative Medizin, Homöopathie, klinische Studien, Impfpflicht, die Erblichkeit von Intelligenz, Gene vs. Umwelt, männliche und weibliche Gehirne, Tierversuche und von Corona bis Klimawandel: Wie politisch darf Wissenschaft sein? ; Fakten, wissenschaftlich fundiert und eindeutig belegt, sind Gold wert. Gerade dann, wenn in Gesellschaft und Politik über Reizthemen hitzig gestritten wird, braucht es einen Faktencheck, um die Dinge klarzustellen und Irrtümer und Fakes aus der Welt schaffen. Leider aber werden Fakten oft verkürzt, missverständlich präsentiert oder gerne auch mit subjektiver Meinung wild gemischt. Ein sachlicher Diskurs? Nicht mehr möglich. Dr. Mai Thi Nguyen-Kim räumt bei den derzeit beliebtesten Streitthemen mit diesem Missstand auf. Bestechend klarsichtig, wunderbar unaufgeregt und herrlich kurzweilig ermittelt sie anhand wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse das, was faktisch niemand in Abrede stellen kann, wenn es beispielsweise um Erblichkeit von Intelligenz, Gender Pay Gap, Klimawandel oder Legalisierung von Drogen geht. Mai Thi Nguyen-Kims Suche nach dem Kern der Wahrheit zeigt dabei nicht nur, was unanfechtbar ist und worauf wir uns alle einigen können. Mehr noch: Sie macht deutlich, wo die Fakten aufhören, wo Zahlen und wissenschaftliche Belege fehlen - wo wir also völlig berechtigt uns gegenseitig persönliche Meinungen an den Kopf werfen dürfen. Ein spannender und informativer Fakten- und Reality-Check, der beste Bullshit-Detektor für unsere angeblich postfaktische Zeit.
Compass: Knowledge, Theory of
LCSH: Communication in science
Precis: Fake news
BK: 02.10 (Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft)
GHBS: AGO (DU-E)
RVK: CC 2500 ; AK 22000
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2Blair, A. u.a. (Hrsg.): Information : a historical companion.
Princeton : Princeton University Press, 2021. XX, 881 S.
ISBN 978-0-691-17954-4
Abstract: Thanks to modern technological advances, we now enjoy seemingly unlimited access to information. Yet how did information become so central to our everyday lives, and how did its processing and storage make our data-driven era possible? This volume is the first to consider these questions in comprehensive detail, tracing the global emergence of information practices, technologies, and more, from the premodern era to the present. With entries spanning archivists to algorithms and scribes to surveilling, this is the ultimate reference on how information has shaped and been shaped by societies. ; Written by an international team of experts (including Jeremy Adelman, Lorraine Daston, Devin Fitzgerald, John-Paul Ghobrial, Lisa Gitelman, Earle Havens, Randolph C. Head, Niv Horesh, Sarah Igo, Richard R. John, Lauren Kassell, Pamela Long, Erin McGuirl, David McKitterick, Elias Muhanna, Thomas S. Mullaney, Carla Nappi, Craig Robertson, Daniel Rosenberg, Neil Safier, Haun Saussy, Will Slauter, Jacob Soll, Heidi Tworek, Siva Vaidhyanathan, Alexandra Walsham), the book's inspired and original long- and short-form contributions reconstruct the rise of human approaches to creating, managing, and sharing facts and knowledge. Thirteen full-length chapters discuss the role of information in pivotal epochs and regions, with chief emphasis on Europe and North America, but also substantive treatment of other parts of the world as well as current global interconnections. More than 100 alphabetical entries follow, focusing on specific tools, methods, and concepts?from ancient coins to the office memo, and censorship to plagiarism. The result is a wide-ranging, deeply immersive collection that will appeal to anyone drawn to the story behind our modern mania for an informed existence.
Inhalt: Cover -- Contents -- Introduction -- Alphabetical List of Entries -- Thematic List of Entries -- Contributors -- PART ONE -- 1. Premodern Regimes and Practices -- 2. Realms of Information in the Medieval Islamic World -- 3. Information in Early Modern East Asia -- 4. Information in Early Modern Europe -- 5. Networks and the Making of a Connected World in the Sixteenth Century -- 6. Records, Secretaries, and the European Information State, circa 1400-1700 -- 7. Periodicals and the Commercialization of Information in the Early Modern Era -- 8. Documents, Empire, and Capitalism in the Nineteenth Century -- 9. Nineteenth-Century Media Technologies -- 10. Networking: Information Circles the Modern World -- 11. Publicity, Propaganda, and Public Opinion: From the Titanic Disaster to the Hungarian Uprising -- 12. Communication, Computation, and Information -- 13. Search -- PART TWO -- Alphabetical Entries -- Glossary -- Index.
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 73(2022) no.3, S.485-488 (Jodi Kearns).
LCSH: Information science / History ; Information resources / History ; Information science / Enclopedias
RSWK: Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft / Geschichte
BK: 15.07 (Kulturgeschichte)
DDC: 020.9
LCC: Z665
RVK: AN 92900 ; AP 13400 ; AP 13300
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3Burgess, J.T.F. and Emily J. M. Knox (Hrsg.): Foundations of information ethics.
Chicago : ALA Neal-Schuman, 2019. 168 S.
ISBN 978-0-8389-1722-0
Abstract: As discussions about the roles played by information in economic, political, and social arenas continue to evolve, the need for an intellectual primer on information ethics that also functions as a solid working casebook for LIS students and professionals has never been more urgent. This text, written by a stellar group of ethics scholars and contributors from around the globe, expertly fills that need. Organized into twelve chapters, making it ideal for use by instructors, this volume from editors Burgess and Knox thoroughly covers principles and concepts in information ethics, as well as the history of ethics in the information professions; examines human rights, information access, privacy, discourse, intellectual property, censorship, data and cybersecurity ethics, intercultural Information ethics, and global digital citizenship and responsibility; synthesizes the philosophical underpinnings of these key subjects with abundant primary source material to provide historical context along with timely and relevant case studies; features contributions from John M. Budd, Paul T. Jaeger, Rachel Fischer, Margaret Zimmerman, Kathrine A. Henderson, Peter Darch, Michael Zimmer, and Masooda Bashir, among others; and offers a special concluding chapter by Amelia Gibson that explores emerging issues in information ethics, including discussions ranging from the ethics of social media and social movements to AI decision making. This important survey will be a key text for LIS students and an essential reference work for practitioners.
Inhalt: Inhalt: Principles and concepts in information ethics / John T.F. Burgess -- Human rights and information ethics / Paul T. Jaeger, Ursula Gorham, and Natalie Greene Taylor -- History of ethics in the information professions / John T.F. Burgess -- Information access / Emily J.M. Knox -- Privacy / Michael Zimmer -- Ethics of discourse / John M. Budd -- Intellectual property ethics / Kathrine Andrews Henderson -- Data ethics / Peter Darch -- Cybersecurity ethics / Jane Blanken-Webb, Imani Palmer, Roy H. Campbell, Nicholas C. Burbules, and Masooda Bashir -- Cognitive justice and intercultural communication ethics / Rachel Fischer and Erin Klazar -- Global digital citizenship / Margaret Zimmerman -- Emerging issues / Amelia Gibson.
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASISI 71(2020) no.6, S.725-726 (Elizabeth A. Buchanan).
Themenfeld: Informationsethik
LCSH: Information technology / Moral and ethical aspects ; Information science / Moral and ethical aspects
DDC: 175
LCC: QA76.9.M65
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4Affelt, A.: All that's not fit to print : fake news and the call to action for librarians and information professionals.
London, UK : Emerald, 2019. xiii, 161 S.
ISBN 978-1-78973-364-8
Abstract: "Dewey Defeats Truman." "Hillary Clinton Adopts Alien Baby." Fake news may have reached new notoriety since the 2016 US election, but it has been around a long time. Whether it was an error in judgment in a rush to publish election results in November, 1948, or a tabloid cover designed to incite an eye roll and a chuckle in June, 1993, fake news has permeated and influenced culture since the inception of the printed press. But now, when almost every press conference at the White House contains a declaration of the evils of "fake news", evaluating information integrity and quality is more important than ever. In All That?s Not Fit to Print, Amy Affelt offers tools and techniques for spotting fake news and discusses best practices for finding high quality sources, information, and data. Including an analysis of the relationship between fake news and social media, and potential remedies for viral fake news, Affelt explores the future of the press and the skills that librarians will need, not only to navigate these murky waters, but also to lead information consumers in to that future. For any librarian or information professional, or anyone who has ever felt overwhelmed by the struggle of determining the true from the false, this book is a fundamental guide to facing the tides of fake news.
Inhalt: 1. Fake News: False Content in a Familiar Format; 2. How We Got Here; 3. When Sharing Is Not Caring: Fake News and Social Media; 4. How to Spot Fake News; 5. Fake News in the Field: Library Schools and Libraries; Ottawa Public Library; Vancouver Public Library; Surrey Public Library; Mississauga Public Library; Oshawa Public Library Librarian; 6. The Future of Fake News: The View from HereThe Eyes Have It; Put Your Money Where the Mouth Is; Hot Blooded? Check It and See; Go Slow-Mo; Remember the Old Standbys; Conclusion.
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 72(2021) no.2, S.259-263 (Thomas J. Froehlich).
Wissenschaftsfach: Kommunikationswissenschaften ; Bibliothekswesen ; Informationswissenschaft
LCSH: Electronic books ; Library science / Vocational guidance ; Information science / Vocational guidance ; Fake news ; Truthfulness and falsehood ; Libraries and mass media ; Libraries and society
DDC: 020.23
LCC: Z668
RVK: AP 17120 ; AN 96800
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5Badia, A.: ¬The information manifold : why computers cannot solve algorithmic bias and fake news.
Cambridge, UK : MIT Press, 2019. xvii, 334 S.
ISBN 978-0-262-04303-8
(History and foundations of information science)
Abstract: An argument that information exists at different levels of analysis-syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic-and an exploration of the implications. Although this is the Information Age, there is no universal agreement about what information really is. Different disciplines view information differently; engineers, computer scientists, economists, linguists, and philosophers all take varying and apparently disconnected approaches. In this book, Antonio Badia distinguishes four levels of analysis brought to bear on information: syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, and network-based. Badia explains each of these theoretical approaches in turn, discussing, among other topics, theories of Claude Shannon and Andrey Kolomogorov, Fred Dretske's description of information flow, and ideas on receiver impact and informational interactions. Badia argues that all these theories describe the same phenomena from different perspectives, each one narrower than the previous one. The syntactic approach is the more general one, but it fails to specify when information is meaningful to an agent, which is the focus of the semantic and pragmatic approaches. The network-based approach, meanwhile, provides a framework to understand information use among agents. Badia then explores the consequences of understanding information as existing at several levels. Humans live at the semantic and pragmatic level (and at the network level as a society), computers at the syntactic level. This sheds light on some recent issues, including "fake news" (computers cannot tell whether a statement is true or not, because truth is a semantic notion) and "algorithmic bias" (a pragmatic, not syntactic concern). Humans, not computers, the book argues, have the ability to solve these issues.
Inhalt: Introduction -- Information as codes : Shannon, Kolmogorov and the start of it all -- Information as content : semantics, possible worlds and all that jazz -- Information as pragmatics : impact and consequences -- Information as communication : networks and the phenomenon of emergence -- Will the real information please stand up? -- Is Shannon's theory a theory of information? -- Computers and information I : what can computers do? -- Computers and information II : machine learning, big data and algorithic bias -- Humans and information --Conclusions : where from here?
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 72(2021) no.3, S.357-361. (Marc Kosciejew)
Wissenschaftsfach: Informatik ; Kommunikationswissenschaften
LCSH: Information science / Philosophy ; Communication / Philosophy ; Information theory
RSWK: Massenmedien / Soziologie ; Informationsbeschaffung / Falschmeldung
BK: 05.31 Öffentlichkeit Kommunikationswissenschaft
DDC: 020
LCC: Z665
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6Gremm, J. ; Barth, J. ; Fietkiewicz, K.J. ; Stock, W.G.: Transitioning towards knowledge society : Qatar as a case study.
Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. XVII, 244 S.
ISBN 978-3-319-71195-9
Abstract: The book offers a critical evaluation of Qatar's path from oil- and gas-based industries to a knowledge-based economy. This book gives basic information about the region and the country, including the geographic and demographic data, the culture, the politics and the economy, the health care conditions and the education system. It introduces the concepts of knowledge society and knowledge-based development and adds factual details about Qatar by interpreting indicators of the development status.
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 70(2019) no.7, S.769-771 (Mohammed M. Aman)
Land/Ort: Qatar
LCSH: Social sciences ; Middle East / Politics and government ; Economic geography ; Physical geography ; Human geography
DDC: 304.2 / dc23
LCC: GF1-900
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7Hoppe, T. u.a. (Hrsg.): Semantic applications.
Berlin : Springer, 2018. XXV, 264 S.
ISBN 978-3-662-55432-6
(methodology, technology, corporate use)
Abstract: This book describes proven methodologies for developing semantic applications: software applications which explicitly or implicitly uses the semantics (i.e., the meaning) of a domain terminology in order to improve usability, correctness, and completeness. An example is semantic search, where synonyms and related terms are used for enriching the results of a simple text-based search. Ontologies, thesauri or controlled vocabularies are the centerpiece of semantic applications. The book includes technological and architectural best practices for corporate use.
Inhalt: Introduction.- Ontology Development.- Compliance using Metadata.- Variety Management for Big Data.- Text Mining in Economics.- Generation of Natural Language Texts.- Sentiment Analysis.- Building Concise Text Corpora from Web Contents.- Ontology-Based Modelling of Web Content.- Personalized Clinical Decision Support for Cancer Care.- Applications of Temporal Conceptual Semantic Systems.- Context-Aware Documentation in the Smart Factory.- Knowledge-Based Production Planning for Industry 4.0.- Information Exchange in Jurisdiction.- Supporting Automated License Clearing.- Managing cultural assets: Implementing typical cultural heritage archive's usage scenarios via Semantic Web technologies.- Semantic Applications for Process Management.- Domain-Specific Semantic Search Applications.
Themenfeld: Semantic Web ; Wissensrepräsentation
LCSH: Computer science ; Data mining ; Information storage and retrieval ; Artificial intelligence ; Management information systems ; Computer Science ; Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet) ; Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics) ; Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery ; Management of Computing and Information Systems ; Information Storage and Retrieval
RSWK: Anwendungssystem ; Semantisches Netz ; Ontologie; Wissensbasiertes System ; Information Retrieval ; Data Mining ; Semantic Web
DDC: 006.33 / DDC23ger ; 006.312 / DDC23ger
RVK: ST 306
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8Sakr, S. ; Wylot, M. ; Mutharaju, R. ; Le-Phuoc, D. ; Fundulaki, I.: Linked data : storing, querying, and reasoning.
Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. XX, 223 S.
ISBN 978-3-319-73514-6
Abstract: This book describes efficient and effective techniques for harnessing the power of Linked Data by tackling the various aspects of managing its growing volume: storing, querying, reasoning, provenance management and benchmarking. To this end, Chapter 1 introduces the main concepts of the Semantic Web and Linked Data and provides a roadmap for the book. Next, Chapter 2 briefly presents the basic concepts underpinning Linked Data technologies that are discussed in the book. Chapter 3 then offers an overview of various techniques and systems for centrally querying RDF datasets, and Chapter 4 outlines various techniques and systems for efficiently querying large RDF datasets in distributed environments. Subsequently, Chapter 5 explores how streaming requirements are addressed in current, state-of-the-art RDF stream data processing. Chapter 6 covers performance and scaling issues of distributed RDF reasoning systems, while Chapter 7 details benchmarks for RDF query engines and instance matching systems. Chapter 8 addresses the provenance management for Linked Data and presents the different provenance models developed. Lastly, Chapter 9 offers a brief summary, highlighting and providing insights into some of the open challenges and research directions. Providing an updated overview of methods, technologies and systems related to Linked Data this book is mainly intended for students and researchers who are interested in the Linked Data domain. It enables students to gain an understanding of the foundations and underpinning technologies and standards for Linked Data, while researchers benefit from the in-depth coverage of the emerging and ongoing advances in Linked Data storing, querying, reasoning, and provenance management systems. Further, it serves as a starting point to tackle the next research challenges in the domain of Linked Data management.
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 70(2019) no.8, S.905-907 (Dean Allemang).
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität ; Semantic Web
LCSH: Linked data ; Semantic Web ; RDF (Document markup language) ; Computer science ; Computers ; Information storage and retrieval ; Artificial intelligence
RSWK: Linked Data
BK: 54.72 (Künstliche Intelligenz)
DDC: 025.0427
LCC: Z666.73.L56 ; QA75.5-76.95
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9Northoff, G.: ¬The spontaneous brain : from the mind-body to the world-brain problem.
Cambridge, MA : MIT Press, 2018. xxvi, 506 S.
ISBN 978-0-262-03807-2
Abstract: Philosophers have long debated the mind-body problem whether to attribute such mental features as consciousness to mind or to body. Meanwhile, neuroscientists search for empirical answers, seeking neural correlates for consciousness, self, and free will. In this book, Georg Northoff does not propose new solutions to the mind-body problem; instead, he questions the problem itself, arguing that it is an empirically, ontologically, and conceptually implausible way to address the existence and reality of mental features. We are better off, he contends, by addressing consciousness and other mental features in terms of the relationship between world and brain; philosophers should consider the world-brain problem rather than the mind-body problem. This calls for a Copernican shift in vantage point from within the mind or brain to beyond the brain in our consideration of mental features. Northoff, a neuroscientist, psychiatrist, and philosopher, explains that empirical evidence suggests that the brain's spontaneous activity and its spatiotemporal structure are central to aligning and integrating the brain within the world. This spatiotemporal structure allows the brain to extend beyond itself into body and world, creating the world-brain relation? that is central to mental features. Northoff makes his argument in empirical, ontological, and epistemic-methodological terms. He discusses current models of the brain and applies these models to recent data on neuronal features underlying consciousness and proposes the world-brain relation as the ontological predisposition for consciousness.
Anmerkung: Vgl. das Interview mit L. Stallmach 'Wie das Bewusstsein in Raum und Zeit entsteht' unter: https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/georg-northoff-die-theorie-des-bewusstseins-ld.1512587?utm_source=pocket-newtab [Georg-Northoff_DieTheoriedesBewusstseins_NZZ.pdf].
Wissenschaftsfach: Kognitionswissenschaft
LCSH: Brain / Physiology ; Mind and body ; Neurosciences / Philosophy
RSWK: Kognition / Hirnforschung / Spontaneität
BK: 77.31 (Kognition)
DDC: 612.8/2 / dc23
LCC: QP376
RVK: XG 8800 - Allgemeines / Medizin / Pathologie
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10Alex, H., G. Bee u. U. Junger (Hrsg.): Klassifikationen in Bibliotheken : Theorie - Anwendung - Nutzen.
Berlin : DeGruyter Saur, 2018. XVII, 278 S.
ISBN 978-3-11-029925-0
(Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis; 53)
Abstract: Klassifikationen sind in Bibliotheken heute wichtiger als je zuvor. Sie eignen sich nicht nur hervorragend für die physische Anordnung von Büchern und anderen Medienwerken, sondern sind genauso erfolgreich dafür einsetzbar, große Datenmengen in Katalogen und anderen Nachweisinstrumenten zu strukturieren und sinnvoll nutzbar zu machen. Der Band gibt zunächst eine Einführung in die bibliothekarische Klassifikationstheorie und stellt dann die in Bibliotheken des deutschen Sprachraums überregional eingesetzten Universalklassifikationen vor. Er informiert außerdem über die Nutzung von Klassifikationen in Katalogen und Suchsystemen sowie die Frage der semantischen Interoperabilitätim Kontext der Wissensorganisation. Ziel des Bandes ist es, eine Übersicht über die gegenwärtig in Bibliotheken des deutschen Sprachraums überregional eingesetzten Universalklassifikationen zu geben. Die Fülle an vorhandenen Klassifikationen bedingt die thematische Konzentration auf Universalklassifikationen; reine Fachklassifikationen sind nicht Gegenstand der Darstellung, finden jedoch in einzelnen Beiträgen Erwähnung.
Inhalt: Enthält die Beiträge: Lorenz, Bernd: Zur Theorie und Terminologie der bibliothekarischen Klassifikation - Bee, Guido: Universalklassifikationen in Bibliotheken des deutschen Sprachraums - Alex, Heidrun: Die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation (DDC) - Junger, Ulrike: Basisinformationen zur Universellen Dezimalklassifikation (UDK) - Häusler, Ines / Werr, Naoka: Die Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK) - Umlauf, Konrad: Klassifikationen in Öffentlichen Bibliotheken - Pfeffer, Magnus / Schöllhorn, Katharina: Praktische Nutzung von Klassifikationssystemen - Hubrich, J.: Semantische Interoperabilität zwischen Klassifikationen und anderen Wissenssystemen.
Anmerkung: Vgl.: https://www.degruyter.com/viewbooktoc/product/185786. Rez. in: o-bib 6(2019) H.1, S.93-97 (H. Wiesenmüller) [https://www.o-bib.de/issue/view/313]; iwp 70(2019) H.5/6, S.315-317 (Barbara Müller Heiden); Library essentials, Oktober 2019, S-36-37 (F. Förster).
Themenfeld: Aufstellungssysteme Wissenschaftl. Bibliotheken ; Aufstellungssysteme Öffentlicher Bibliotheken
Objekt: DDC ; UDC ; RVK
Land/Ort: D
LCSH: Classification ; Library science / German speaking countries
RSWK: Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek / Öffentliche Bibliothek / Klassifikation
DDC: 025.4/2 / dc23
LCC: Z696.A4 K567 2018
RVK: AN 93400
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11Arafat, S. ; Ashoori, E.: Search foundations : toward a science of technology-mediated experience.
Cambridge, MA : MIT Press, 2018. 448 S.
ISBN 978-0-262-03859-1
(History and foundations of information science)
Abstract: This book contributes to discussions within Information Retrieval and Science (IR&S) by improving our conceptual understanding of the relationship between humans and technology. A call to redirect the intellectual focus of information retrieval and science (IR&S) toward the phenomenon of technology-mediated experience. In this book, Sachi Arafat and Elham Ashoori issue a call to reorient the intellectual focus of information retrieval and science (IR&S) away from search and related processes toward the more general phenomenon of technology-mediated experience. Technology-mediated experience accounts for an increasing proportion of human lived experience; the phenomenon of mediation gets at the heart of the human-machine relationship. Framing IR&S more broadly in this way generalizes its problems and perspectives, dovetailing them with those shared across disciplines dealing with socio-technical phenomena. This reorientation of IR&S requires imagining it as a new kind of science: a science of technology-mediated experience (STME). Arafat and Ashoori not only offer detailed analysis of the foundational concepts underlying IR&S and other technical disciplines but also boldly call for a radical, systematic appropriation of the sciences and humanities to create a better understanding of the human-technology relationship. Arafat and Ashoori discuss the notion of progress in IR&S and consider ideas of progress from the history and philosophy of science. They argue that progress in IR&S requires explicit linking between technical and nontechnical aspects of discourse. They develop a network of basic questions and present a discursive framework for addressing these questions. With this book, Arafat and Ashoori provide both a manifesto for the reimagining of their field and the foundations on which a reframed IR&S would rest.
Inhalt: The embedding of the foundational in the adhoc -- Notions of progress in information retrieval -- From growth to progress I : methodology for understanding progress -- From growth to progress II : the network of discourse -- Basic questions characterising foundations discourse -- Enduring nature of foundations -- Foundations as the way to the authoritative against the authoritarian : a conclusion
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 72(2021) no.3, S.377-383. (Marcia J. Bates)
LCSH: Information science ; Information retrieval
RSWK: Informationsverhalten / Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft
BK: 06.74 Informationssysteme
DDC: 020
LCC: Z665
RVK: AN 96000: Allgemeines / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft ; ST 278: Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation Software-Ergonomie / Informatik / Monografien
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12Calì, A. et al (Hrsg.): Semantic keyword-based search on structured data sources : COST Action IC1302. Second International KEYSTONE Conference, IKC 2016, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, September 8-9, 2016, Revised Selected Papers.
Springer International Publishing : Cham, 2017. VIII, 188 S.
ISBN 978-3-319-53639-2
(Lecture notes in computer science / Information Systems and Applications, incl. Internet/Web, and HCI ; 10151)
Abstract: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the Second COST Action IC1302 International KEYSTONE Conference on Semantic Keyword-Based Search on Structured Data Sources, IKC 2016, held in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, in September 2016. The 15 revised full papers and 2 invited papers are reviewed and selected from 18 initial submissions and cover the areas of keyword extraction, natural language searches, graph databases, information retrieval techniques for keyword search and document retrieval.
Inhalt: Inhalt: Retrieval, Crawling and Fusion of Entity-centric Data on the Web / Dietze, Stefan - Data Multiverse: The Uncertainty Challenge of Future Big Data Analytics / Tudoran, Radu (et al.) - Experiments with Document Retrieval from Small Text Collections Using Latent Semantic Analysis or Term Similarity with Query Coordination and Automatic Relevance Feedback / Layfield, Colin (et al.) - Unsupervised Extraction of Conceptual Keyphrases from Abstracts / Ludwig, Philipp (et al.) - Back to the Sketch-Board: Integrating Keyword Search, Semantics, and Information Retrieval / Azzopardi, Joel (et al.) - Topic Detection in Multichannel Italian Newspapers / Po, Laura (et al.) - Random Walks Analysis on Graph Modelled Multimodal Collections / Sabetghadam, Serwah (et al.) - A Software Processing Chain for Evaluating Thesaurus Quality / Lacasta, Javier (et al.) - Comparison of Collaborative and Content-Based Automatic Recommendation Approaches in a Digital Library of Serbian PhD Dissertations / Azzopardi, Joel (et al.) - Keyword-Based Search on Bilingual Digital Libraries / Stankovic, Ranka (et al.) - Network-Enabled Keyword Extraction for Under-Resourced Languages / Beliga, Slobodan (et al.) - Making Sense of Citations / Koulouri, Xenia (et al.) - An Ontology-Based Approach to Information Retrieval / Mestrovic, Ana (et al.) - Game with a Purpose for Verification of Mappings Between Wikipedia and WordNet / Boinski, Tomasz - TB-Structure: Collective Intelligence for Exploratory Keyword Search / Terziyan, Vagan (et al.) - Using Natural Language to Search Linked Data / Rozinajová, Viera (et al.) - The Use of Semantics in the CrossCult H2020 Project / Bampatzia, Stavroula (et al.) Vgl. auch: http://www.keystone-cost.eu/ikc2016/program.php.
Anmerkung: Vgl.: DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-53640-8.
LCSH: Computer science ; Information storage and retrieval
DDC: 025.04 / dc23
LCC: QA75.5-76.95
RVK: SS 4800
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13Buckland, M.K.: Information and society.
Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press, 2017. xiv, 217 S.
ISBN 978-0-262-53338-6
(MIT Press Essential Knowledge series)
Abstract: iWe live in an information society, or so we are often told. But what does that mean? This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise, informal account of the ways in which information and society are related and of our ever-increasing dependence on a complex multiplicity of messages, records, documents, and data. Using information in its everyday, nonspecialized sense, Michael Buckland explores the influence of information on what we know, the role of communication and recorded information in our daily lives, and the difficulty (or ease) of finding information. He shows that all this involves human perception, social behavior, changing technologies, and issues of trust. Buckland argues that every society is an "information society"; a "non-information society" would be a contradiction in terms. But the shift from oral and gestural communication to documents, and the wider use of documents facilitated by new technologies, have made our society particularly information intensive. Buckland describes the rising flood of data, documents, and records, outlines the dramatic long-term growth of documents, and traces the rise of techniques to cope with them. He examines the physical manifestation of information as documents, the emergence of data sets, and how documents and data are discovered and used. He explores what individuals and societies do with information; offers a basic summary of how collected documents are arranged and described; considers the nature of naming; explains the uses of metadata; and evaluates selection methods, considering relevance, recall, and precision.
LCSH: Information science / Sociological aspects ; Communication / Social aspects ; Documentation / Social aspects ; Information society
BK: 05.20 (Kommunikation und Gesellschaft)
LCC: HM851
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14Ianni, G. et al. (Hrsg.): Reasoning Web : Semantic Interoperability on the Web, 13th International Summer School 2017, London, UK, July 7-11, 2017, Tutorial Lectures.
Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. XI, 347 S.
ISBN 978-3-319-61032-0
(Lecture Notes in Computer Scienc;10370 )(Information Systems and Applications, incl. Internet/Web, and HCI)
Abstract: This volume contains the lecture notes of the 13th Reasoning Web Summer School, RW 2017, held in London, UK, in July 2017. In 2017, the theme of the school was "Semantic Interoperability on the Web", which encompasses subjects such as data integration, open data management, reasoning over linked data, database to ontology mapping, query answering over ontologies, hybrid reasoning with rules and ontologies, and ontology-based dynamic systems. The papers of this volume focus on these topics and also address foundational reasoning techniques used in answer set programming and ontologies.
Inhalt: Neumaier, Sebastian (et al.): Data Integration for Open Data on the Web - Stamou, Giorgos (et al.): Ontological Query Answering over Semantic Data - Calì, Andrea: Ontology Querying: Datalog Strikes Back - Sequeda, Juan F.: Integrating Relational Databases with the Semantic Web: A Reflection - Rousset, Marie-Christine (et al.): Datalog Revisited for Reasoning in Linked Data - Kaminski, Roland (et al.): A Tutorial on Hybrid Answer Set Solving with clingo - Eiter, Thomas (et al.): Answer Set Programming with External Source Access - Lukasiewicz, Thomas: Uncertainty Reasoning for the Semantic Web - Calvanese, Diego (et al.): OBDA for Log Extraction in Process Mining
Themenfeld: Wissensrepräsentation ; Semantic Web ; Semantische Interoperabilität
LCSH: Computer science ; Mathematical logic ; Database management ; Information storage and retrieval ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer Science ; Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages
RSWK: RDF/ Terminologische Logik ; Terminologische Logik ; OWL; Ontologie / Semantic Web
RVK: SS 4800
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15Nassehi, A.: ¬Die letzte Stunde der Wahrheit : Kritik der komplexitätsvergessenen Vernunft.Völlig überarbeitete und in Teilen neu beziehungsweise umgeschriebene Ausgabe von "Die letzte Stunde der Wahrheit" ; Illustration.
Hamburg : Murmann, 2017. 215 S.
ISBN 978-3-946514-58-9
(kursbuch.edition)
Abstract: Komplexität - mehr als ein Schlagwort! Eindimensionales Denken regiert eine mehrdimensionale Welt. Doch die Ära der Eindeutigkeiten geht zu Ende. An ihre Stelle tritt ein neues vernetztes Denken, das die Komplexität der Gesellschaft versteht und würdigt, statt sie zu bekämpfen. Die Welt scheint aus den Fugen zu geraten: Das Vertrauen in Politik schwindet, Märkte sind nur schwer zu bändigen, gesellschaftliche Konflikte werden kaum mehr zivilisiert geführt, Demokratie verliert ihre Integrationskraft, gesellschaftliche Selbstverständlichkeiten lösen sich auf. Wir bleiben verfangen in politischen und gesellschaftlichen Konzepten des 19. Jahrhunderts und scheitern damit an der erreichten Komplexität unserer Gesellschaft - im richtigen Leben ebenso wie auch in unseren Theorien und Denkkonzepten. Worum es geht, ist ein vernetztes Denken zu entwickeln, das mit Instabilität rechnet und Abweichungen liebt, das Komplexität nicht vermeidet und wegredet, sondern versteht und entfaltet und sie mit ihren eigenen Mitteln schlägt.
Anmerkung: Das Buch ist eine grundlegend überarbeitete, in Teilen neu geschriebene und aktualisierte Ausgabe von "Die letzte Stunde der Wahrheit.Warum rechts und links keine Alternativen mehr sind und Gesellschaft ganz anders beschrieben werden muss" (2015).
Wissenschaftsfach: Politikwissenschaft ; Soziologie
LCSH: Social ecology ; Right and left (Political science)
RSWK: Gesellschaft / Komplexität / Ganzheitliches Denken ; Gesellschaft / Soziologie / Kapitalismuskritik / Denken
BK: 71.11 Gesellschaft Soziologie ; 71.02 Theorie der Soziologie
DDC: 301 / DDC22ger
GHBS: OWB (DU) ; HNT (DU) ; HR (DU)
LCC: HM861
RVK: MS 1190 ; MS 1290
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16Crestani, F. ; Mizzaro, S. ; Scagnetto, I,: Mobile information retrieval.
Cham : Springer, 2017. VI, 110 S.
ISBN 978-3-319-60776-4
(Springer briefs in computer science)
Abstract: This book offers a helpful starting point in the scattered, rich, and complex body of literature on Mobile Information Retrieval (Mobile IR), reviewing more than 200 papers in nine chapters. Highlighting the most interesting and influential contributions that have appeared in recent years, it particularly focuses on both user interaction and techniques for the perception and use of context, which, taken together, shape much of today's research on Mobile IR. The book starts by addressing the differences between IR and Mobile IR, while also reviewing the foundations of Mobile IR research. It then examines the different kinds of documents, users, and information needs that can be found in Mobile IR, and which set it apart from standard IR. Next, it discusses the two important issues of user interfaces and context-awareness. In closing, it covers issues related to the evaluation of Mobile IR applications. Overall, the book offers a valuable tool, helping new and veteran researchers alike to navigate this exciting and highly dynamic area of research.
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 69(2018) no.10, S.1283-1287 (Daqing He).
LCSH: Computer science ; Information storage and retrieval ; User interfaces (Computer systems) ; Text processing (Computer science)
RSWK: Mobiles Endgerät ; Mobile Computing ; Information Retrieval
DDC: 025.04 / dc23
LCC: QA75.5-76.95
RVK: ST 270
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17Gossen, T.: Search engines for children : search user interfaces and information-seeking behaviour.
Wiesbaden : Springer Vieweg, 2016. XXIII, 283 S.
ISBN 978-3-658-12069-6
(Study in computer science and media design)
Abstract: The doctoral thesis of Tatiana Gossen formulates criteria and guidelines on how to design the user interfaces of search engines for children. In her work, the author identifies the conceptual challenges based on own and previous user studies and addresses the changing characteristics of the users by providing a means of adaptation. Additionally, a novel type of search result visualisation for children with cartoon style characters is developed taking children's preference for visual information into account.
Inhalt: Inhalt: Acknowledgments; Abstract; Zusammenfassung; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; List of Acronyms; Chapter 1 Introduction ; 1.1 Research Questions; 1.2 Thesis Outline; Part I Fundamentals ; Chapter 2 Information Retrieval for Young Users ; 2.1 Basics of Information Retrieval; 2.1.1 Architecture of an IR System; 2.1.2 Relevance Ranking; 2.1.3 Search User Interfaces; 2.1.4 Targeted Search Engines; 2.2 Aspects of Child Development Relevant for Information Retrieval Tasks; 2.2.1 Human Cognitive Development; 2.2.2 Information Processing Theory; 2.2.3 Psychosocial Development 2.3 User Studies and Evaluation2.3.1 Methods in User Studies; 2.3.2 Types of Evaluation; 2.3.3 Evaluation with Children; 2.4 Discussion; Chapter 3 State of the Art ; 3.1 Children's Information-Seeking Behaviour; 3.1.1 Querying Behaviour; 3.1.2 Search Strategy; 3.1.3 Navigation Style; 3.1.4 User Interface; 3.1.5 Relevance Judgement; 3.2 Existing Algorithms and User Interface Concepts for Children; 3.2.1 Query; 3.2.2 Content; 3.2.3 Ranking; 3.2.4 Search Result Visualisation; 3.3 Existing Information Retrieval Systems for Children; 3.3.1 Digital Book Libraries; 3.3.2 Web Search Engines 3.4 Summary and DiscussionPart II Studying Open Issues ; Chapter 4 Usability of Existing Search Engines for Young Users ; 4.1 Assessment Criteria; 4.1.1 Criteria for Matching the Motor Skills; 4.1.2 Criteria for Matching the Cognitive Skills; 4.2 Results; 4.2.1 Conformance with Motor Skills; 4.2.2 Conformance with the Cognitive Skills; 4.2.3 Presentation of Search Results; 4.2.4 Browsing versus Searching; 4.2.5 Navigational Style; 4.3 Summary and Discussion; Chapter 5 Large-scale Analysis of Children's Queries and Search Interactions; 5.1 Dataset; 5.2 Results; 5.3 Summary and Discussion Chapter 6 Differences in Usability and Perception of Targeted Web Search Engines between Children and Adults 6.1 Related Work; 6.2 User Study; 6.3 Study Results; 6.4 Summary and Discussion; Part III Tackling the Challenges ; Chapter 7 Search User Interface Design for Children ; 7.1 Conceptual Challenges and Possible Solutions; 7.2 Knowledge Journey Design; 7.3 Evaluation; 7.3.1 Study Design; 7.3.2 Study Results; 7.4 Voice-Controlled Search: Initial Study; 7.4.1 User Study; 7.5 Summary and Discussion; Chapter 8 Addressing User Diversity ; 8.1 Evolving Search User Interface 8.1.1 Mapping Function8.1.2 Evolving Skills; 8.1.3 Detection of User Abilities; 8.1.4 Design Concepts; 8.2 Adaptation of a Search User Interface towards User Needs; 8.2.1 Design & Implementation; 8.2.2 Search Input; 8.2.3 Result Output; 8.2.4 General Properties; 8.2.5 Configuration and Further Details; 8.3 Evaluation; 8.3.1 Study Design; 8.3.2 Study Results; 8.3.3 Preferred UI Settings; 8.3.4 User satisfaction; 8.4 Knowledge Journey Exhibit; 8.4.1 Hardware; 8.4.2 Frontend; 8.4.3 Backend; 8.5 Summary and Discussion; Chapter 9 Supporting Visual Searchers in Processing Search Results 9.1 Related Work
Themenfeld: Suchmaschinen
LCSH: Computer science ; Information storage and retrieval ; User interfaces (Computer systems)
DDC: 004
LCC: QA75.5-76.95
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18Cardoso, J. et al. (Hrsg.): Semantic keyword-based search on structured data sources : First COST Action IC1302 International KEYSTONE Conference, IKC 2015, Coimbra, Portugal, September 8-9, 2015. Revised Selected Papers.
Basel : Springer International Publishing, 2016. XII, 209 S.
ISBN 978-3-319-27931-2
(Lecture notes in computer science ; 9398)
Abstract: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the First COST Action IC1302 International KEYSTONE Conference on semantic Keyword-based Search on Structured Data Sources, IKC 2015, held in Coimbra, Portugal, in September 2015. The 13 revised full papers, 3 revised short papers, and 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 22 initial submissions. The paper topics cover techniques for keyword search, semantic data management, social Web and social media, information retrieval, benchmarking for search on big data.
Inhalt: Inhalt: Professional Collaborative Information Seeking: On Traceability and Creative Sensemaking / Nürnberger, Andreas (et al.) - Recommending Web Pages Using Item-Based Collaborative Filtering Approaches / Cadegnani, Sara (et al.) - Processing Keyword Queries Under Access Limitations / Calì, Andrea (et al.) - Balanced Large Scale Knowledge Matching Using LSH Forest / Cochez, Michael (et al.) - Improving css-KNN Classification Performance by Shifts in Training Data / Draszawka, Karol (et al.) - Classification Using Various Machine Learning Methods and Combinations of Key-Phrases and Visual Features / HaCohen-Kerner, Yaakov (et al.) - Mining Workflow Repositories for Improving Fragments Reuse / Harmassi, Mariem (et al.) - AgileDBLP: A Search-Based Mobile Application for Structured Digital Libraries / Ifrim, Claudia (et al.) - Support of Part-Whole Relations in Query Answering / Kozikowski, Piotr (et al.) - Key-Phrases as Means to Estimate Birth and Death Years of Jewish Text Authors / Mughaz, Dror (et al.) - Visualization of Uncertainty in Tag Clouds / Platis, Nikos (et al.) - Multimodal Image Retrieval Based on Keywords and Low-Level Image Features / Pobar, Miran (et al.) - Toward Optimized Multimodal Concept Indexing / Rekabsaz, Navid (et al.) - Semantic URL Analytics to Support Efficient Annotation of Large Scale Web Archives / Souza, Tarcisio (et al.) - Indexing of Textual Databases Based on Lexical Resources: A Case Study for Serbian / Stankovic, Ranka (et al.) - Domain-Specific Modeling: Towards a Food and Drink Gazetteer / Tagarev, Andrey (et al.) - Analysing Entity Context in Multilingual Wikipedia to Support Entity-Centric Retrieval Applications / Zhou, Yiwei (et al.)
LCSH: Computer science ; Database management ; Information storage and retrieva ; Multimedia information systems ; User interfaces (Computer systems) ; Text processing (Computer science)
RVK: SS 4800
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19Sonnenwald, D.H. (Hrsg.): Theory development in the information sciences.
Austin, TX : University of Texas Press, 2016. vi, 343 S.
ISBN 978-1-4773-0824-0
Abstract: Emerging as a discipline in the first half of the twentieth century, the information sciences study how people, groups, organizations, and governments create, share, disseminate, manage, search, access, evaluate, and protect information, as well as how different technologies and policies can facilitate and constrain these activities. Given the broad span of the information sciences, it is perhaps not surprising that there is no consensus regarding its underlying theory the purposes of it, the types of it, or how one goes about developing new theories to talk about new research questions. Diane H. Sonnenwald and the contributors to this volume seek to shed light on these issues by sharing reflections on the theory-development process. These reflections are not meant to revolve around data collection and analysis; rather, they focus on the struggles, challenges, successes, and excitement of developing theories. The particular theories that the contributors explore in their essays range widely, from theories of literacy and reading to theories of design and digital search. Several chapters engage with theories of the behavior of individuals and groups; some deal with processes of evaluation; others reflect on questions of design; and the rest treat cultural and scientific heritage. The ultimate goal, Sonnenwald writes in her introduction, is to "encourage, inspire, and assist individuals striving to develop and/or teach theory development.""
Inhalt: Inhalt: Exploring Theory Development: Learning from Diverse Masters Behavior of Individuals and Groups Many Paths to Theory: The Creative Process in the Information Sciences Reflections on Theory Construction in Human Information Behavior: A Theory of Browsing Reflections on the Development of a Theoretical Perspective Converging on Theory from Four Sides Evaluation Drawing Graphs for Theory Development in Bibliometrics and Retrieval Two Views on Theory Development for Interactive Information Retrieval Relevance: In Search of a Theoretical Foundation The Story of a Colony: Theory Development in Webometric Research Design Theorizing the Unprecedented Appropriating Theory Theory for Design: The Case of Reading Cultural and Scientific Heritage The Poverty of Theory; or, The Education of Jerome McGann Illuminating Daughter-Mother Narratives in Young Adult Fiction The Noblest Pleasure: Theories of Understanding in the Information Sciences Apologia pro Theoria Sua Supporting Future Theory Development
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 67(2017) no.7, S.1796-1801 (Birger Hjørland).
Wissenschaftsfach: Informationswissenschaft
LCSH: Information science ; Information theory
RSWK: Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft / Theoriebildung / Informationstheorie
BK: 6.00 Information und Dokumentation: Allgemeines
DDC: 020 / dc23
LCC: Z665
RVK: AN 930000 ; ST 270
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20Brown, D.J.: Access to scientific research : challenges facing communications in STM.
Berlin : De Gruyter Saur, 2016. XXII, 423 S.
ISBN 978-3-11-037516-9
(Global studies in libraries and information ; Volume 2)
Abstract: The debate about access to scientific research raises questions about the current effectiveness of scholarly communication processes. This book explores, from an independent point of view, the current state of the STM publishing market, new publishing technologies and business models as well as the information habit of researchers, the politics of research funders, and the demand for scientific research as a public good. The book also investigates the democratisation of science including how the information needs of knowledge workers outside academia can be embraced in future.
Inhalt: Inhalt: Chapter 1. Background -- Chapter 2. Definitions -- Chapter 3. Aims, Objectives, and Methodology -- Chapter 4. Setting the Scene -- Chapter 5. Information Society -- Chapter 6. Drivers for Change -- Chapter 7 A Dysfunctional STM Scene? -- Chapter 8. Comments on the Dysfunctionality of STM Publishing -- Chapter 9. The Main Stakeholders -- Chapter 10. Search and Discovery -- Chapter 11. Impact of Google -- Chapter 12. Psychological Issues -- Chapter 13. Users of Research Output -- Chapter 14. Underlying Sociological Developments -- Chapter 15. Social Media and Social Networking -- Chapter 16. Forms of Article Delivery -- Chapter 17. Future Communication Trends -- Chapter 18. Academic Knowledge Workers -- Chapter 19. Unaffiliated Knowledge Workers -- Chapter 20. The Professions -- Chapter 21. Small and Medium Enterprises -- Chapter 22. Citizen Scientists -- Chapter 23. Learned Societies -- Chapter 24. Business Models -- Chapter 25. Open Access -- Chapter 26. Political Initiatives -- Chapter 27. Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 28. Research Questions Addressed
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST. 67(2017) no.8, S.2033-2034 (John M. Budd)
Themenfeld: Elektronisches Publizieren
LCSH: Communication in science ; Research / Methodology ; Science publishing ; Scholarly publishing
RSWK: Großbritannien / Wissenschaft / Forschungsergebnis / Veröffentlichung ; Großbritannien / Wissenschaftskommunikation
BK: 02.13 Wissenschaftspraxis ; 02.20 Wissenschaftsinformation ; 06.25 Buchhandel
DDC: 001.4 / DDC22ger
GHBS: AGG (SI)
LCC: Q223
RVK: AK 28400 ; AP 15950 ; MS 6950 ; AK 26800 ; AK 27000 ; AK 39500 ; AN 78950