Literatur zur Informationserschließung

Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.

© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft / Powered by litecat, BIS Oldenburg (Stand: 04. Juni 2021)

Suchergebnisse

• 1
  Zou, J. ; Thoma, G. ; Antani, S.: Unified deep neural network for segmentation and labeling of multipanel biomedical figures.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 71(2020) no.11, S.1327-1340.
  
  Abstract: Recent efforts in biomedical visual question answering (VQA) research rely on combined information gathered from the image content and surrounding text supporting the figure. Biomedical journals are a rich source of information for such multimodal content indexing. For multipanel figures in these journals, it is critical to develop automatic figure panel splitting and label recognition algorithms to associate individual panels with text metadata in the figure caption and the body of the article. Challenges in this task include large variations in figure panel layout, label location, size, contrast to background, and so on. In this work, we propose a deep convolutional neural network, which splits the panels and recognizes the panel labels in a single step. Visual features are extracted from several layers at various depths of the backbone neural network and organized to form a feature pyramid. These features are fed into classification and regression networks to generate candidates of panels and their labels. These candidates are merged to create the final panel segmentation result through a beam search algorithm. We evaluated the proposed algorithm on the ImageCLEF data set and achieved better performance than the results reported in the literature. In order to thoroughly investigate the proposed algorithm, we also collected and annotated our own data set of 10,642 figures. The experiments, trained on 9,642 figures and evaluated on the remaining 1,000 figures, show that combining panel splitting and panel label recognition mutually benefit each other.
  
  Inhalt: https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24334.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Wissenschaftsfach: Medizin
  
  
• 2
  Singh, A. ; Sinha, U. ; Sharma, D.k.: Semantic Web and data visualization.
  In: Data visualization and knowledge engineering. Eds. J. Hemanth, et al. Cham : Springer, 2020. S.133-150.
  (Lecture notes on data engineering and communications technologies book series; vol.32)
  
  Abstract: With the terrific growth of data volume and data being produced every second on millions of devices across the globe, there is a desperate need to manage the unstructured data available on web pages efficiently. Semantic Web or also known as Web of Trust structures the scattered data on the Internet according to the needs of the user. It is an extension of the World Wide Web (WWW) which focuses on manipulating web data on behalf of Humans. Due to the ability of the Semantic Web to integrate data from disparate sources and hence makes it more user-friendly, it is an emerging trend. Tim Berners-Lee first introduced the term Semantic Web and since then it has come a long way to become a more intelligent and intuitive web. Data Visualization plays an essential role in explaining complex concepts in a universal manner through pictorial representation, and the Semantic Web helps in broadening the potential of Data Visualization and thus making it an appropriate combination. The objective of this chapter is to provide fundamental insights concerning the semantic web technologies and in addition to that it also elucidates the issues as well as the solutions regarding the semantic web. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the semantic web architecture in detail while also comparing it with the traditional search system. It classifies the semantic web architecture into three major pillars i.e. RDF, Ontology, and XML. Moreover, it describes different semantic web tools used in the framework and technology. It attempts to illustrate different approaches of the semantic web search engines. Besides stating numerous challenges faced by the semantic web it also illustrates the solutions.
  
  Inhalt: DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25797-2_6. Vgl. auch: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335100530_Semantic_Web_and_Data_Visualization.
  
  Themenfeld: Semantic Web ; Visualisierung
  
  
• 3
  Lin, F.-T.: Drawing a knowledge map of smart city knowledge in academia.
  In: Knowledge organization. 46(2019) no.6, S.419-438.
  
  Abstract: This research takes the academic articles in the Web of Science's core collection database as a corpus to draw a series of knowledge maps, to explore the relationships, connectivity, dis-tribution, and evolution among their keywords with respect to smart cities in the last decade. Beyond just drawing a text cloud or measuring their sizes, we further explore their texture by iden-tifying the hottest keywords in academic articles, construct links between and among them that share common keywords, identify islands, rocks, reefs that are formed by connected articles-a metaphor inspired by Ong et al. (2005)-and analyze trends in their evolution. We found the following phenomena: 1) "Internet of Things" is the most frequently mentioned keyword in recent research articles; 2) the numbers of islands and reefs are increas-ing; 3) the evolutions of the numbers of weighted links have frac-tal-like structure; and, 4) the coverage of the largest rock, formed by articles that share a common keyword, in the largest island is converging into around 10% to 20%. These phenomena imply that a common interest in the technology of smart cities has been emerging among researchers. However, the administrative, social, economic, and cultural issues need more attention in academia in the future.
  
  Inhalt: DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2019-6-419.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Objekt: Web of Science
  
  
• 4
  Clavier, V.: Knowledge organization, data and algorithns : the new era of visual representation.
  In: Knowledge organization. 46(2019) no.8, S.615-621.
  
  Abstract: This article shows how visual representations have progressively taken the lead over classical language-based models of knowledge organization (KO). The paper adopts a theoretical and historical perspective and focuses on the consequences of the changes in the volume of data generated by data production on the KO models. Until now, data visualization tools have been used mainly by researchers with expertise in textual data processing or in computational linguistics. But now, these tools are accessible to a greater number of users. Thus, there are new issues at stake for KO, other professions and institutions for gathering data that contribute to defining new standards and KO representations.
  
  Inhalt: DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2019-8-615.
  
  Anmerkung: Beitrag in einem Special Issue: Best papers from NASKO, ISKO-UK, ISKO-France, ISKO-Brazil 2019.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  
  
• 5
  Kraker, P. ; Schramm, M. ; Kittel, C.: Open knowledge maps : visuelle Literatursuche basierend auf den Prinzipien von Open Science.
  In: Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare. 72(2019) H.2-4, S.460-477.
  
  Abstract: Die Wissenschaft befindet sich in einer Auffindbarkeitskrise. Obwohl durch die Open Access-Bewegung Forschungsergebnisse besser zugänglich geworden sind, wird ein signifikanter Teil der Outputs nicht nachgenutzt. Einen großen Anteil an der Krise haben die Tools, die für die Literatursuche verwendet werden. Angesichts von drei Millionen Veröffentlichungen pro Jahr sind klassische Ansätze, wie etwa listenbasierte Suchmaschinen, nicht mehr ausreichend. Open Knowledge Maps hat es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die Auffindbarkeit wissenschaftlichen Wissens zu verbessern. Dafür betreibt die gemeinnützige Organisation aus Österreich die weltweit größte visuelle Suchmaschine für Forschung. Das Grundprinzip besteht darin, Wissenslandkarten für die Literatursuche zu nutzen. Diese geben einen Überblick über ein Forschungsfeld und ermöglichen so einen schnelleren Einstieg in die Literatur. Open Knowledge Maps basiert auf den Prinzipien von Open Science: Inhalte, Daten und Software werden unter einer freien Lizenz veröffentlicht. Dadurch entsteht eine offene, wiederverwendbare Infrastruktur; Lock-In-Effekte, wie sie bei proprietären Systemen auftreten, werden vermieden. Open Knowledge Maps arbeitet seit Beginn eng mit Bibliotheken und BibliothekarInnen als ExpertInnen für Wissensorganisation und -verwaltung zusammen. Im Rahmen eines konsortialen Fördermodells werden Bibliotheken nun eingeladen, das System stärker mitzugestalten - unter anderem bei wichtigen Zukunftsthemen wie der besseren Auffindbarkeit von Datensätzen.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl. https://doi.org/10.31263/voebm.v72i2.3202.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  
  
• 6
  Wu, I.-C. ; Vakkari, P.: Effects of subject-oriented visualization tools on search by novices and intermediates.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.12, S.1428-1445.
  
  Abstract: This study explores how user subject knowledge influences search task processes and outcomes, as well as how search behavior is influenced by subject-oriented information visualization (IV) tools. To enable integrated searches, the proposed WikiMap + integrates search functions and IV tools (i.e., a topic network and hierarchical topic tree) and gathers information from Wikipedia pages and Google Search results. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed interfaces, we design subject-oriented tasks and adopt extended evaluation measures. We recruited 48 novices and 48 knowledgeable users, that is, intermediates, for the evaluation. Our results show that novices using the proposed interface demonstrate better search performance than intermediates using Wikipedia. We therefore conclude that our tools help close the gap between novices and intermediates in information searches. The results also show that intermediates can take advantage of the search tool by leveraging the IV tools to browse subtopics, and formulate better queries with less effort. We conclude that embedding the IV and the search tools in the interface can result in different search behavior but improved task performance. We provide implications to design search systems to include IV features adapted to user levels of subject knowledge to help them achieve better task performance.
  
  Inhalt: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24070.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung ; Suchtaktik
  
  
• 7
  Rohner, M.: Betrachtung der Data Visualization Literacy in der angestrebten Schweizer Informationsgesellschaft.
  Chur : Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft / Arbeitsbereich Informationswissenschaft, 2018. VIII, 108 S.
  (Churer Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft / Arbeitsbereich Informationswissenschaft; Schrift 97)
  
  Abstract: Datenvisualisierungen sind ein wichtiges Werkzeug, um Inhalte und Muster in Datensätzen zu erkennen und ermöglichen so auch Laien den Zugang zu der Information, die in Datensätzen steckt. Data Visualization Literacy ist die Kompetenz, Datenvisualisierungen zu lesen, zu verstehen, zu hinterfragen und herzustellen. Data Visulaization Literacy ist daher eine wichtige Kompetenz der Informationsgesellschaft. Im Auftrag des Bundesrates hat das Bundesamt für Kommunikation BAKOM die Strategie "Digitale Schweiz" entwickelt. Die Strategie zeigt auf, wie die fortschreitende Digitalisierung genutzt und die Schweiz zu einer Informationsgesellschaft entwickelt werden soll. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird untersucht, inwiefern die Strategie "Digitale Schweiz" die Förderung von Data Visualization Literacy in der Bevölkerung unterstützt. Dazu werden die Kompetenzen der Data Visualization Literacy ermittelt, Kompetenzstellen innerhalb des Bildungssystems benannt und die Massnahmen der Strategie in Bezug auf Data Visualization Literacy überprüft.
  
  Inhalt: Diese Publikation entstand im Rahmen einer Thesis zum Master of Science FHO in Business Administration, Major Information and Data Management. ; Vgl. unter: https://www.htwchur.ch/fileadmin/htw_chur/angewandte_zukunftstechnologien/SII/churer_schriften/CSI_97_Betrachtung_der_Data_Visualization_Literacy.pdf.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Land/Ort: CH
  
  
• 8
  Osinska, V. ; Kowalska, M. ; Osinski, Z.: ¬The role of visualization in the shaping and exploration of the individual information space : part 1.
  In: Knowledge organization. 45(2018) no.7, S.547-558.
  
  Abstract: Studies on the state and structure of digital knowledge concerning science generally relate to macro and meso scales. Supported by visualizations, these studies can deliver knowledge about emerging scientific fields or collaboration between countries, scientific centers, or groups of researchers. Analyses of individual activities or single scientific career paths are rarely presented and discussed. The authors decided to fill this gap and developed a web application for visualizing the scientific output of particular researchers. This free software based on bibliographic data from local databases, provides six layouts for analysis. Researchers can see the dynamic characteristics of their own writing activity, the time and place of publication, and the thematic scope of research problems. They can also identify cooperation networks, and consequently, study the dependencies and regularities in their own scientific activity. The current article presents the results of a study of the application's usability and functionality as well as attempts to define different user groups. A survey about the interface was sent to select researchers employed at Nicolaus Copernicus University. The results were used to answer the question as to whether such a specialized visualization tool can significantly augment the individual information space of the contemporary researcher.
  
  Inhalt: DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2018-7-547.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  
  
• 9
  Oh, D.G.: Revision of the national classification system through cooperative efforts : a case of Korean Decimal Classification 6th Edition (KDC 6).
  In: Knowledge organization. 45(2018) no.7, S.559-573.
  
  Abstract: The general characteristics of the sixth edition of Korean Decimal Classification (KDC 6), maintained and published by the Korean Library Association (KLA), are described in detail. The processes and procedures of the revision are analyzed with special regard to various cooperative efforts of the editorial committee with the National Library of Korea, with various groups of classification researchers, library practitioners, and specialists from subject areas, and with the headquarters of the KLA and editorial publishing team. Some ideas and recommendations for future research and development for national classification systems are suggested.
  
  Inhalt: DOI: 10.5771/0943-7444-2018-7-559.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Objekt: KDC-6
  Land/Ort: Korea
  
  
• 10
  Olawuyi, N.J. ; Akhigbe, B.I. ; Afolabi, B.S.: Knowledge organization system interoperability : the cogitation of user interfaces for better interactivity.(Posters).
  In: Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira. Baden-Baden : Ergon Verlag, 2018. S.955-958.
  (Advances in knowledge organization; vol.16)
  
  Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität ; Visualisierung
  
  
• 11
  Salaba, A. ; Mercun, T. ; Aalberg, T.: Complexity of work families and entity-based visualization displays.
  In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 56(2018) no.7, S.628-652.
  
  Abstract: Conceptual modeling of bibliographic data, including the FR models and the consolidated IFLA LRM, has provided an opportunity to shift focus to entities and relationships and to support hierarchical work-based exploration of bibliographic information. This paper reports on a study examining the complexity of a work's bibliographic family data and user interactions with data visualizations, compared to traditional displays. Findings suggest that the FRBR-based visual bibliographic information system supports work families of different complexities more equally than a traditional system. Differences between the two systems also show that the FRBR-based system was more effective especially for related-works and author-related tasks.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2018.1529008.
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung ; Visualisierung
  Objekt: FRBR ; IFLA Library Reference Model
  
  
• 12
  Aletras, N. ; Baldwin, T. ; Lau, J.H. ; Stevenson, M.: Evaluating topic representations for exploring document collections.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.1, S.154-167.
  
  Abstract: Topic models have been shown to be a useful way of representing the content of large document collections, for example, via visualization interfaces (topic browsers). These systems enable users to explore collections by way of latent topics. A standard way to represent a topic is using a term list; that is the top-n words with highest conditional probability within the topic. Other topic representations such as textual and image labels also have been proposed. However, there has been no comparison of these alternative representations. In this article, we compare 3 different topic representations in a document retrieval task. Participants were asked to retrieve relevant documents based on predefined queries within a fixed time limit, presenting topics in one of the following modalities: (a) lists of terms, (b) textual phrase labels, and (c) image labels. Results show that textual labels are easier for users to interpret than are term lists and image labels. Moreover, the precision of retrieved documents for textual and image labels is comparable to the precision achieved by representing topics using term lists, demonstrating that labeling methods are an effective alternative topic representation.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23574/full.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  
  
• 13
  Mercun, T. ; Zumer, M. ; Aalberg, T.: Presenting bibliographic families using information visualization : evaluation of FRBR-based prototype and hierarchical visualizations.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.2, S.392-411.
  
  Abstract: Since their beginnings, bibliographic information systems have been displaying results in the form of long, textual lists. With the development of new data models and computer technologies, the need for new approaches to present and interact with bibliographic data has slowly been maturing. To investigate how this could be accomplished, a prototype system, FrbrVis1, was designed to present work families within a bibliographic information system using information visualization. This paper reports on two user studies, a controlled and an observational experiment, that have been carried out to assess the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)-based against an existing system as well as to test four different hierarchical visual layouts. The results clearly show that FrbrVis offers better performance and user experience compared to the baseline system. The differences between the four hierarchical visualizations (Indented tree, Radial tree, Circlepack, and Sunburst) were, on the other hand, not as pronounced, but the Indented tree and Sunburst design proved to be the most successful, both in performance as well as user perception. The paper therefore not only evaluates the application of a visual presentation of bibliographic work families, but also provides valuable results regarding the performance and user acceptance of individual hierarchical visualization techniques.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23659/full.
  
  Anmerkung: FrbrVis prototype can, at this time, be viewed online at: http://dijon.idi.ntnu.no/exist/rest/db/frbrvis/index.html. This is not the exact version that was tested as there have been some minor changes and the prototype labels were translated from Slovenian to English language.
  
  Themenfeld: Formalerschließung ; Visualisierung
  Objekt: FRBR ; FrbrVis
  
  
• 14
  Zhu, Y. ; Yan, E. ; Song, I.-Y..: ¬The use of a graph-based system to improve bibliographic information retrieval : system design, implementation, and evaluation.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.2, S.480-490.
  
  Abstract: In this article, we propose a graph-based interactive bibliographic information retrieval system-GIBIR. GIBIR provides an effective way to retrieve bibliographic information. The system represents bibliographic information as networks and provides a form-based query interface. Users can develop their queries interactively by referencing the system-generated graph queries. Complex queries such as "papers on information retrieval, which were cited by John's papers that had been presented in SIGIR" can be effectively answered by the system. We evaluate the proposed system by developing another relational database-based bibliographic information retrieval system with the same interface and functions. Experiment results show that the proposed system executes the same queries much faster than the relational database-based system, and on average, our system reduced the execution time by 72% (for 3-node query), 89% (for 4-node query), and 99% (for 5-node query).
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23677/full.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  
  
• 15
  Wen, B. ; Horlings, E. ; Zouwen, M. van der ; Besselaar, P. van den: Mapping science through bibliometric triangulation : an experimental approach applied to water research.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.3, S.724-738.
  
  Abstract: The idea of constructing science maps based on bibliographic data has intrigued researchers for decades, and various techniques have been developed to map the structure of research disciplines. Most science mapping studies use a single method. However, as research fields have various properties, a valid map of a field should actually be composed of a set of maps derived from a series of investigations using different methods. That leads to the question of what can be learned from a combination-triangulation-of these different science maps. In this paper we propose a method for triangulation, using the example of water science. We combine three different mapping approaches: journal-journal citation relations (JJCR), shared author keywords (SAK), and title word-cited reference co-occurrence (TWRC). Our results demonstrate that triangulation of JJCR, SAK, and TWRC produces a more comprehensive picture than each method applied individually. The outcomes from the three different approaches can be associated with each other and systematically interpreted to provide insights into the complex multidisciplinary structure of the field of water research.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23696/full.
  
  Themenfeld: Wissensrepräsentation ; Visualisierung
  
  
• 16
  Brantl, M. ; Ceynowa, K. ; Meiers, T. ; Wolf, T.: Visuelle Suche in historischen Werken.
  In: Datenbank Spektrum. 17(2017) H.1, S.53-60.
  
  Abstract: Die Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (BSB) zählt mit ihrem Bestand von knapp 11 Mio. Bänden zu den bedeutendsten Universalbibliotheken der Welt. Bereits 1,2 Mio. Werke sind digitalisiert, was die BSB zur größten digitalen Kulturinstitution in Deutschland macht. Dieser digitale Bestand umfasst vorwiegend urheberrechtsfreie Werke vom 8. bis ins 20. Jahrhundert, von der mittelalterlichen Bibelhandschrift bis zur Boulevardzeitung der 1920er-Jahre. Diese Vielfalt des zu digitalisierenden schriftlichen Kulturerbes und das hohe Tempo der Massendigitalisierung in den letzten Jahren haben ihren Preis - die inhaltliche Erschließung der Werke hinkt hinterher, insbesondere bei Werken, die nicht mittels Optical Character Recognition-Verfahren (OCR) automatisiert maschinenlesbar transformiert und zugänglich gemacht werden können. Dies gilt insbesondere für mittelalterliche Handschriften, Alte Druck- und Spezialbestände. Deshalb blieb auch der reichhaltige, in diesen Werken verborgene Bildbestand für den Nutzer weitestgehend verborgen und konnte lediglich durch das Durchblättern am Bildschirm entdeckt werden. Dies war Motivation für die Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, gemeinsam mit dem Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institut in Berlin ein System zur ähnlichkeitsbasierten Bildsuche aufzubauen, welches sämtliche Bildinhalte aller 1,2 Mio. Digitalisate automatisch identifiziert. Hierbei werden mittels morphologischer Verfahren Bilder aus den Buchseiten extrahiert, die danach aufgrund von Farb- und Kantenmerkmalen klassifiziert werden. Bilder "ohne Informationswert" werden mit Hilfe von Methoden aus dem Bereich des maschinellen Lernens herausgefiltert. Damit konnten aus den digitalisierten Werken der BSB bislang mehr als 43 Mio. einzelne Bilder identifiziert werden, die mittels einer hochperformanten Suchmaschine über eine frei verfügbare Web-Applikation dem Anwender direkt zur Verfügung stehen. Dank der Vielfalt und Reichhaltigkeit der indexierten Bestände spricht dieses Angebot nicht nur Historiker und Buchwissenschaftler an, sondern Interessierte aus den unterschiedlichsten Fachrichtungen. Die Ähnlichkeitssuche stellt dabei unbekannte, ungewöhnliche und oftmals überraschende Bezüge zwischen unterschiedlichsten Werken her.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13222-017-0250-0.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Wissenschaftsfach: Geschichtswissenschaft
  Behandelte Form: Bilder
  
  
• 17
  Christoforidis, A. ; Heuwing, B. ; Mandl, T.: Visualising topics in document collections : an analysis of the interpretation process of historians.
  In: Everything changes, everything stays the same? - Understanding information spaces : Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium of Information Science (ISI 2017), Berlin/Germany, 13th - 15th March 2017. Eds.: M. Gäde, V. Trkulja u. V. Petras. vwh-Verlag : Glückstadt, 2017. S.37-49.
  (Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft; Bd. 70)
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://www.vwh-verlag.de/vwh/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/titelei_isi17.pdf.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Wissenschaftsfach: Geschichtswissenschaft
  
  
• 18
  Yan, B. ; Luo, J.: Filtering patent maps for visualization of diversification paths of inventors and organizations.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.6, S.1551-1563.
  
  Abstract: In the information science literature, recent studies have used patent databases and patent classification information to construct network maps of patent technology classes. In such a patent technology map, almost all pairs of technology classes are connected, whereas most of the connections between them are extremely weak. This observation suggests the possibility of filtering the patent network map by removing weak links. However, removing links may reduce the explanatory power of the network on inventor or organization diversification. The network links may explain the patent portfolio diversification paths of inventors and inventing organizations. We measure the diversification explanatory power of the patent network map, and present a method to objectively choose an optimal tradeoff between explanatory power and removing weak links. We show that this method can remove a degree of arbitrariness compared with previous filtering methods based on arbitrary thresholds, and also identify previous filtering methods that created filters outside the optimal tradeoff. The filtered map aims to aid in network visualization analyses of the technological diversification of inventors, organizations, and other innovation agents, and potential foresight analysis. Such applications to a prolific inventor (Leonard Forbes) and company (Google) are demonstrated.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23780/full.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Wissenschaftsfach: Patentinformation
  
  
• 19
  Minkov, E. ; Kahanov, K. ; Kuflik, T.: Graph-based recommendation integrating rating history and domain knowledge : application to on-site guidance of museum visitors.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.8, S.1911-1924.
  
  Abstract: Visitors to museums and other cultural heritage sites encounter a wealth of exhibits in a variety of subject areas, but can explore only a small number of them. Moreover, there typically exists rich complementary information that can be delivered to the visitor about exhibits of interest, but only a fraction of this information can be consumed during the limited time of the visit. Recommender systems may help visitors to cope with this information overload. Ideally, the recommender system of choice should model user preferences, as well as background knowledge about the museum's environment, considering aspects of physical and thematic relevancy. We propose a personalized graph-based recommender framework, representing rating history and background multi-facet information jointly as a relational graph. A random walk measure is applied to rank available complementary multimedia presentations by their relevancy to a visitor's profile, integrating the various dimensions. We report the results of experiments conducted using authentic data collected at the Hecht museum. An evaluation of multiple graph variants, compared with several popular and state-of-the-art recommendation methods, indicates on advantages of the graph-based approach.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23837/full.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung
  Anwendungsfeld: Museen
  
  
• 20
  Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, G. ; Zhu, D. ; Lu, J.: Scientific evolutionary pathways : identifying and visualizing relationships for scientific topics.
  In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.8, S.1925-1939.
  
  Abstract: Whereas traditional science maps emphasize citation statistics and static relationships, this paper presents a term-based method to identify and visualize the evolutionary pathways of scientific topics in a series of time slices. First, we create a data preprocessing model for accurate term cleaning, consolidating, and clustering. Then we construct a simulated data streaming function and introduce a learning process to train a relationship identification function to adapt to changing environments in real time, where relationships of topic evolution, fusion, death, and novelty are identified. The main result of the method is a map of scientific evolutionary pathways. The visual routines provide a way to indicate the interactions among scientific subjects and a version in a series of time slices helps further illustrate such evolutionary pathways in detail. The detailed outline offers sufficient statistical information to delve into scientific topics and routines and then helps address meaningful insights with the assistance of expert knowledge. This empirical study focuses on scientific proposals granted by the United States National Science Foundation, and demonstrates the feasibility and reliability. Our method could be widely applied to a range of science, technology, and innovation policy research, and offer insight into the evolutionary pathways of scientific activities.
  
  Inhalt: Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23814/full.
  
  Themenfeld: Visualisierung ; Informetrie