Document (#33938)

Author
Greifeneder, E.
Title
Hilfe auf allen Ebenen : ein Beitrag zur Forschung über Online-Hilfen in OPACs
Source
Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare. 61(2008) H.2, S.32-44
Year
2008
Abstract
Viele Benutzer haben Probleme im Umgang mit OPACs - das dokumentieren zahlreiche Usability-Studien in ausreichendem Maße. Benutzer benötigen also Hilfe, genauer: sie benötigen ein Online-Hilfesystem, das ihnen beim "Discovery", "Locate" und "Request"' von Dokumenten im OPAC unabhängig von den Öffnungszeiten der Bibliothek situationsgerechte Online-Hilfen anbietet. Mit dem Ausdruck "Online-Hilfe" assoziieren viele nur einen Fragezeichen-Button oder Module wie die sprechende Büroklammer der Microsoft-Office-Applikationen. Doch Online-Hilfe umfasst viel mehr, von der Rechtschreibkorrektur in Suchfeldern bis hin zu Recommender-Systemen. Definieren lässt sich Online-Hilfe als ein computergestütztes Werkzeug im virtuellen Raum, das an kritischen Stellen den Nutzer bei der erfolgreichen Durchführung einer Aktion unterstützt und/oder kontextbezogene Informationen gibt. "Kritisch" für die erfolgreiche Nutzung eines Angebotes sind solche Stellen, "an denen bei den Nutzern ein jeweils spezifisches oder differenziertes Wissen vorausgesetzt wird"2. Eine einzelne Hilfe, etwa ein erklärender Text, kann dem Benutzer nicht auf allen Ebenen der Interaktion mit dem System helfen. Deshalb ist es notwendig, mehrere Online-Hilfen zu kombinieren; man spricht dann von einem Online-Hilfesystem. Online-Hilfe ist ein wichtiges Forschungsthema, doch ist es vor allem im Bibliotheksbereich nur mangelnd theoretisch fundiert. Eine präzise Unterscheidung und Klassifikation der verschiedenen Arten von Online-Hilfen ist dabei eine notwendige Grundlage für weiterführende Analysen. Der vorliegende Beitrag erläutert die einzelnen Arten von Online-Hilfen in OPACs anhand der von der Autorin entwickelten Klassifikation nach Funktionalitäten3. Es werden vier Arten von Online-Hilfen unterschieden: erklärende Hilfen, aufbereitende/visuelle Hilfen, sucheinschränkende Hilfen und sucherweiternde Hilfen. Während die ersten beiden am Suchergebnis nichts ändern, beeinflussen sowohl die einschränkenden als auch die erweiternden Hilfen das Suchergebnis. Abbildung 1 zeigt die Klassifikation mit ihrer weiteren Untergliederung. Die technische Komplexität der angeführten Online-Hilfen nimmt dabei - in grober Näherung - von oben nach unten zu.
Footnote
Vgl. auch: Greifeneder, E.: Online-Hilfen in OPACs: Analyse deutscher Universitäts-Onlinekataloge. Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller 2007.
Theme
OPAC

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