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  1. Geiß, D.: Aus der Praxis der Patentinformation : Übersicht über die Entwicklung der elektronischen Medien bei Patentbehörden und Datenbankprovidern (2005) 0.41 
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    Abstract
    Deutsches Patent und Markenamt - Ergebnisse der Nutzerumfrage im Jahre 2004 Das Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt hat eine Nutzerumfrage durchgeführt, um festzustellen, welche Wünsche und Erfordernisse den Nutzern am Herzen liegen, um optimale elektronische Informationsdienste anbieten zu können. Eine erfreulich hohe Zahl von 1.046 (920 EMail, 126 Post/Fax) Rückmeldungen zeigt das große Interesse der interessierten Kreise an dieser Umfrage. Die statistische Analyse ergab, dass sich die Nutzergruppen erwartungsgemäß zu 51 Prozent aus Unternehmen, zu 23 Prozent aus der Patentanwaltschaft und zu rd. 12 Prozent aus Einzelerfindern zusammensetzten. Die weitere Aufarbeitung nach Unternehmensgröße ergab, dass 34 Prozent der Antworten von Unternehmen kamen mit mehr als 1.000 Beschäftigten, 28 Prozent von Unternehmen mit bis zu 1.000 Beschäftigten, 13 Prozent von Unternehmen mit bis zu 100 Beschäftigten und 25 Prozent von Unternehmen mit bis zu zehn Beschäftigten. Damit wird deutlich, dass im wesentlichen große Betrieb an dieser Umfrage interessiert waren.
    Date
    22. 5.2005 13:51:01
    Source
    Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 56(2005) H.3, S.191-200
  2. Internationale Patentklassifikation : Gesamtwerk (2001) 0.39 
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    Editor
    Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt München
    Footnote
    Gesamtwerk der 7. Ausgabe auf CD-ROM in Deutsch, Englisch, Französisch, Spanisch, Ungarisch und Russisch. Cumulative and Linguistic Advanced Search System. Mit Stich- und Sschlagwortverzeichnis sowie der Revision Concordance List zur 7. Ausgabe der IPC (ISBN 3-452-24449-0)
    Pages
    10 Bde. Stich- und Schlagwortverzeichnis
    Type
    m
  3. Geiß, D.: Aus der Praxis der Patentinformation : Die Entwicklung der elektronischen Medien und Dienstleistungen bei den Patentbehörden und Internetprovidern 2011 (2011) 0.23 
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    Abstract
    Die 39. Arbeitssitzung der AGM (Arbeitsgruppe Elektronische Medien in der Patentinformation) am 10. November 2011 beim Technischen Informationszentrum des Deutschen Patent- und Markenamt in Berlin behandelte traditionsgemäß "Fortschritte in der Patentinformation". Die AG hat rd. 76 Mitglieder aus Wirtschaft und Behörden. In diesem Jahr haben sich 28 Patentfachleute in Berlin mit Neuerungen und der zukünftigen Entwicklung der Patentinformation vertraut gemacht. Wer hätte es für möglich gehalten, dass innerhalb von nur etwa zwei Jahren fast alle ostasiatischen Patentdokumente und Gebrauchsmuster, seien sie aus China, aus Japan, aus Korea oder aus Taiwan in lateinischen Buchstaben über brauchbare Maschinenübersetzungen und nicht nur über Google recherchierbar sind und dies nicht nur in den bibliographischen Daten und Abstracts sondern in Volltexten. Insbesondere dem Europäischen Patentamt, der WIPO mit Patentscope und verschiedenen bedeutenden Provider haben wir dieses Fortschritt zu verdanken.
    Source
    Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 62(2011) H.8, S.385-392
  4. DPMA: Änderungen internationale Klassifikation von Waren und Dienstleistungen (2007) 0.20 
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    Content
    "Das Deutsche Patent- und Markenamt informiert auf seiner Website unter www.dpma.de/veroeffentlichungen/mit teilungen/anlage_mittlg_16.pdf. (5 Seiten PDF-Format) über die zum 1. Januar 2007 in Kraft getretenen Änderungen der Internationalen Klassifikation von Waren und Dienstleistungen für die Eintragung von Marken (Klassifikation von Nizza). Änderungen für Dienstleistungen des Groß- und Einzelhandels in Klasse 35 waren bereits vorher erfolgt. Auf Basis des Urteils des EuGH vom 7. Juli 2005 C-418/02 ("Praktiker") (www. dpma.de/infos/einsteiger/einsteiger_ marke03b.html) ergaben sich einige Veränderungen bezüglich akzeptierter Formulierungen bei Markenanmeldungen in der Klasse 35. Was ist jetzt zulässig? Neben der vom EuGH ausdrücklich entschiedenen Formulierung wird das Deutsche Patent- und Markenamt im Vorgriff auf die am 1. Januar 2007 in Kraft tretende 9. Ausgabe der Klassifikation von Nizza eine Reihe weiterer Dienstleistungsbezeichnungen zulassen, die sachlich Bleichgelagert sind und nicht anders behandelt werden können als die Einzelhandelsdienstleistungen. Dazu gehören etwa - Großhandelsdienstleistungen mit ... - Einzelhandelsdienstleistungen für den Versandhandel mit ... - Dienstleistungen des Einzel-/Großhandels über das Internet mit ... - Einzelhandelsdienstleistungen mittels Teleshopping-Sendungen mit ... Was ist nach wie vor nicht zulässig? Alle Beteiligte in dem Verfahren vor dem EuGH sind davon ausgegangen, dass der reine "Verkauf" keine Dienstleistung darstellt, sondern mit der Warenmarke umfasst ist. Für Formulierungen wie "Verkauf", "Vertrieb", "Handel" kann daher nach wie vor keine Dienstleistungsmarke in Klasse 35 erlangt werden. Auch ist deutlich zu machen, dass Dienstleistungen für Dritte erbracht werden, deshalb sind Formulierungen wie "Betrieb eines Verkaufsgeschäfts...", "Betreiben eines Versandhandels..." nicht zulässig. In der Klasse 35 betreffen wesentliche Neuerungen die Klassen 14 und 42. Gebrauchsgegenstände "aus Edelmetall" werden künftig nicht mehr in der Klasse 14, sondern in der Klasse der Funktion klassifiziert; der Zusatz "aus Edelmetall/nicht aus Edelmetall" wird dadurch überflüssig. Die erstmals in der 9. Ausgabe so genannten "Juristischen Dienstleistungen" werden der Klasse 45 anstatt wie bisher der Klasse 42 zugeordnet."
    Source
    Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 58(2007) H.1, S.4
  5. Adams, A.: Using the International Patent Classification in an online environment (2000) 0.17 
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    Source
    World patent information. 22(2000), S.291-300
  6. Rademaker, C.A.: ¬The classification of plants in the United States Patent Classification System (2000) 0.17 
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    Source
    World patent information. 22(2000), S.301-307
  7. Rademaker, C.A.: ¬The classification of ornamental designs in the United States Patent Classification System (2000) 0.17 
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    Source
    World patent information. 22(2000), S.123-133
  8. Geiß, D.: Aus der Praxis der Patentinformation : Teil 1: Übersicht über die Entwicklung der elektronischen Medien bei Patentbehörden (2004) 0.16 
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    Abstract
    Erfolgreiche Neugestaltung der Publikations- und Recherchedienste Das Deutsche Patent- und Markenamt hat nach langjähriger Planung und Inkrafttreten des Haushaltsgesetzes in Jahre 2002 die zukunftsweisenden Änderungen und den Umstieg in das elektronische Zeitalter ab 2004 fast vollständig realisiert. Dabei haben sich die Grundsätze, dass das DPMA als staatliche Infrastruktur auch in Zukunft kostengünstige Informationsangebote mit dem Ziel der Wirtschaftsförderung vorhalten wird, nicht geändert. Die Angebote sollen zeitgemäß sein und sollen die private Informationswirtschaft nicht verdrängen. In diesem Zusammenhang betont das Amt mit Nachdruck, dass keine funktionalen Erweiterungen der Recherchemöglichkeiten im DEPATISnet Programm geplant sind. Damit kann sich die Informationswirtschaft wieder auf ihre eigentlichen Ziele konzentrieren und Mehrwertdienste anbieten, die weitere Verbesserungen der Informations- und Recherchestrukturen für den Benutzer gegen Entgelt zum Ziele haben. Bei der DEPATIS Recherche werden auch weiterhin unterschiedliche Recherchemodi angeboten, so der Einsteiger -, der Experten- und der Ikofax-Modus. Dies gilt für die bibliographischen und die Volltextrecherchen wie auch die Recherchen nach den Rechts- und Verfahrensstandsdaten und diese auch schutzrechtsübergreifend sowie Abfragen nach möglichen Patentfamilien. Dazu kommt wie bisher der Assistentenmodus zur Hilfestellung durch Rechercheexperten in den Patentinformationszentren. Das Amt wird alles daransetzen, das Archiv auszubauen. Die Datenaufbereitung und die Ergänzung der Dienste mit den älteren deutschen bibliographischen Daten und ausländischen Schriften hat weiterhin große Priorität und wird zügig fortgesetzt.
    Die Rumpfdaten der Archive beim DPMA und EPA sind grundsätzlich die gleichen und zwar bilden die Grundlage der Datenbestände die BACON-Files. Der Austausch neuer Daten ist unter anderem in einem trilateralen Projekt geregelt, an dem auch das deutsche Amt partizipiert. So werden in die Datenbestände des DEPATIS-Archivs für die deutschen Schriften auch die Folgepublikationen eingelesen, so ab 18'7'7 die 2. und 3. Publikationen eines Dokuments und dies, wenn möglich, auch von anderen Staaten. Bekanntlich ist im Grunde das DEPATISarchiv aus dem Papierprüfstoff der Prüfer aufgebaut. Die verfügbaren Dokumente von allen Ländern, die im Prüfstoff abgelegt waren, wurden seinerzeit gescannt. Die Daten werden je nach Kapazität weiterhin in das Archiv eingelesen. Das DPMA verfolgt das Prinzip, möglichst alle relevanten Daten im Archiv verfügbar und recherchierbar zu machen. So sind bisher schon die Volltexte der Patentschriften bis ins Jahr 1978 zurück erfasst. Vorgesehen ist ebenfalls die vollständige Einspielung der bibliographischen Daten aus der DOCDB des Europäischen Patentamts. Die Rechtsstandsdaten sollen ebenfalls rückwirkend erfasst werden. Die Daten ab 1. Januar 1995 sind schon bereitgestellt. Es ist vorgesehen, diese Daten bis ins Jahr 1980 rückwirkend zu ergänzen. Dies gilt auch für Geschmacksmuster und Marken, wobei zu beachten ist, dass die Daten für Marken zum Teil nur fragmentarisch vorliegen. Die unmittelbare Versorgung der Öffentlichkeit vor Ort mit Patentinformationen erfolgt auch weiterhin über die Auslegehallen des Amts und die Patentinformationszentren in der Bundesrepublik.
    Footnote
    Teil 2 in: nfd Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 55(2004) H.4, S.234-240.
    Source
    Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 55(2004) H.3, S.173-182
  9. Gottschalk, G.: Alternativen und Ergänzungen zu Patent-Online-Recherchen (1992) 0.15 
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    Date
    10. 1.1999 14:22:49
  10. Liu, D.-R.; Shih, M.-J.: Hybrid-patent classification based on patent-network analysis (2011) 0.15 
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    Abstract
    Effective patent management is essential for organizations to maintain their competitive advantage. The classification of patents is a critical part of patent management and industrial analysis. This study proposes a hybrid-patent-classification approach that combines a novel patent-network-based classification method with three conventional classification methods to analyze query patents and predict their classes. The novel patent network contains various types of nodes that represent different features extracted from patent documents. The nodes are connected based on the relationship metrics derived from the patent metadata. The proposed classification method predicts a query patent's class by analyzing all reachable nodes in the patent network and calculating their relevance to the query patent. It then classifies the query patent with a modified k-nearest neighbor classifier. To further improve the approach, we combine it with content-based, citation-based, and metadata-based classification methods to develop a hybrid-classification approach. We evaluate the performance of the hybrid approach on a test dataset of patent documents obtained from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and compare its performance with that of the three conventional methods. The results demonstrate that the proposed patent-network-based approach yields more accurate class predictions than the patent network-based approach.
    Date
    22. 1.2011 13:04:21
  11. Adams, S.: Comparing the IPC and the US classification systems for the patent searcher (2001) 0.15 
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    Date
    27. 3.2002 15:22:31
    Source
    World patent information. 23(2001) no.1, S.15-23
  12. #15221 0.14 
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    Type
    Patent s. pat
  13. Makarov, M.: ¬The seventh edition of the IPC (2000) 0.14 
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    Source
    World patent information. 22(2000) no.1, S.53-58
  14. Nishikawa, M.: Usefulness of hybrid systems in computerised searches (1990) 0.13 
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    Abstract
    Describes the development of hybrid classification systems associated with the International Patent Classification (IPC) in the Japanese Patent Office and examines the effectiveness of search in a computerised system based on the IPC hybrid system in the lubrication field (subclasses C10M, C10N)
    Source
    World patent information. 12(1990), no.4, S.212-215
  15. Hull, D.; Ait-Mokhtar, S.; Chuat, M.; Eisele, A.; Gaussier, E.; Grefenstette, G.; Isabelle, P.; Samulesson, C.; Segand, F.: Language technologies and patent search and classification (2001) 0.12 
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    Source
    World patent information. 23(2001), S.265-268
  16. Su, F.P.; Lai, K.K.; Sharma, R.R.K.; Kuo, T.H.: Patent priority network : linking patent portfolio to strategic goals (2009) 0.12 
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    Abstract
    When applying for patents, companies should consider performing patent portfolios as a means of integrating their patent strategy to shape their overall business strategy. This is an important issue for any company in pursuit of enhanced operational performance because the whole raison d'être behind the application of patents is the anticipation of achieving maximum competitive advantage. A prerequisite for such a company is a decision analysis model of patent portfolios because this has the added advantage of being readily applicable to the evaluation of the quality of its competitors' portfolios; thus, by understanding both itself and its competitors, a company can attain a superior position. To demonstrate this, we examine patent priority networks (PPNs) formed through patent family members and claimed priority patents, performing a model of patent portfolio analysis and then going on to determine the algorithms. We suggest that information retrieved from this network can provide a useful reference tool for decision-making by company CEOs, CTOs, R&D managers, and intellectual property managers.
    Date
    5.11.2009 20:35:22
  17. Kousha, K.; Thelwall, M.: Patent citation analysis with Google (2017) 0.12 
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    Abstract
    Citations from patents to scientific publications provide useful evidence about the commercial impact of academic research, but automatically searchable databases are needed to exploit this connection for large-scale patent citation evaluations. Google covers multiple different international patent office databases but does not index patent citations or allow automatic searches. In response, this article introduces a semiautomatic indirect method via Bing to extract and filter patent citations from Google to academic papers with an overall precision of 98%. The method was evaluated with 322,192 science and engineering Scopus articles from every second year for the period 1996-2012. Although manual Google Patent searches give more results, especially for articles with many patent citations, the difference is not large enough to be a major problem. Within Biomedical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Pharmacology & Pharmaceutics, 7% to 10% of Scopus articles had at least one patent citation but other fields had far fewer, so patent citation analysis is only relevant for a minority of publications. Low but positive correlations between Google Patent citations and Scopus citations across all fields suggest that traditional citation counts cannot substitute for patent citations when evaluating research.
  18. Stock, M.; Stock, W.G.: Intellectual property information : A comparative analysis of main information providers (2006) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    After modeling expert user needs with regard to intellectual property information, we analyze and compare the main providers in this specific information area (Thomson DIALOG, Esp@cenet by the European Patent Office, Questel-Orbit, and STN International) in terms of system content and system functionality. The key question is whether the main providers are able to satisfy these expert user needs. For patent information, some special retrieval features such as chemical structure search (including Markush search), patent family references and citations search, biosequence search, and basic informetric functionality such as ranking, mapping, and visualization of information flows are realized. Considering the results of information science research, the practice of patent information shows unexhausted improvement opportunities (e.g., the application of bibliographic patent coupling and co-patent-citation for mapping patents, patent assignees, and technology specialties). For trademark search, users need multiple truncated search (realized) as well as phonetic search and image retrieval (not realized yet).
  19. Lawson, M.: Automatic extraction of citations from the text of English-language patents : an example of template mining (1996) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    Describes and evaluates methods for automatically isolating and extracting biliographic references from the full texts of patents, designed to facilitate the work of patent examiners who currently perform this task manually. These references include citations both to patents and to other bibliographic sources. Notes that patents are unusual as citing documents in that the citations occur maily in the body of the text, rather than as footnotes or in separate sections. Describes the natural language processing technique of template mining used to extract data directly from the text where either the data or the text surrounding the data form recognizable patterns. When text matches a template, the system extracts data according to instructions associated with that template. Examines the sub languages of citations and the development of templates for the extraction of citations to patent. Reports results of running 2 reference extraction systems against a sample of 100 European Patent Office patent documents, with recall and prescision data for patent and non patent citations, and concludes with suggestions for future improvements
    Source
    Journal of information science. 22(1996) no.6, S.423-436
  20. Fujii, A.; Iwayama, M.; Kando, N.: Introduction to the special issue on patent processing (2007) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    The processing of intellectual property documents, such as patents, has been important to the industry, business, and law communities. Recently, the importance of patent processing has also been recognized in academic research communities, particularly by information retrieval and natural language processing researchers. In addition, large test collections that include patents have recently become available, to enable the systematic evaluation of methodologies from a scientific point of view. In the light of these activities, this special issue is intended to collect advanced research papers on patent processing. As an introduction to the special issue on patent processing, this paper surveys the relevant literature and outlines the papers selected for the special issue.
    Footnote
    Einführung in einen Themenschwerpunkt "patent processing"

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