Document (#12264)

Author

Wang, H.
Wang, C.

Title

Ontologies for universal information systems

Source

Journal of information science. 21(1995) no.3, S.232-239

Year

1995

Abstract

The increasing complexity of problems addressed by massively distributed information systems has led to the development of worldwide information systems, such as the WWW and Hyper-G. Presents a conceptual framework for those systems using a knowledge representation language, Telos, by concentrating on the semantics of their domains. The framework is developed and based on careful analysis and abstraction of those existing systems. By creating a rich and precise conceptual framework, provides a foundation for the specification and implementation of future universal information systems.

Footnote

e-mail: iswang@cityu.edu.hk

Theme

Internet

Object

WWW
Hyper-G

Similar documents (author)

1. Wang, F.; Wang, X.: Tracing theory diffusion : a text mining and citation-based analysis of TAM (2020) 4.64

   4.63939 = sum of:
     4.63939 = weight(author_txt:wang in 5980) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.63939 = fieldWeight in 5980, product of:
         1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
           2.0 = termFreq=2.0
         6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=5980)
   

2. Wang, C.: ¬The online catalogue, subject access and user reactions : a review (1985) 4.10

   4.1006804 = sum of:
     4.1006804 = weight(author_txt:wang in 986) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.1006804 = fieldWeight in 986, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=986)
   

3. Wang, C.: Bibliometrics : a textbook (1990) 4.10

   4.1006804 = sum of:
     4.1006804 = weight(author_txt:wang in 5040) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.1006804 = fieldWeight in 5040, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5040)
   

4. Wang, P.: Users' information needs at different stages of a research project : a cognitive view (1997) 4.10

   4.1006804 = sum of:
     4.1006804 = weight(author_txt:wang in 320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.1006804 = fieldWeight in 320, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=320)
   

5. Wang, D.: Cataloger appraises keyword searching in WorldCat (1997) 4.10

   4.1006804 = sum of:
     4.1006804 = weight(author_txt:wang in 1442) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.1006804 = fieldWeight in 1442, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1442)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. RDF Semantics (2004) 0.21

   0.21151502 = sum of:
     0.21151502 = product of:
       1.0575751 = sum of:
         0.16671686 = weight(abstract_txt:semantics in 3065) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16671686 = score(doc=3065,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14752874 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1549579 = boost
               6.027006 = idf(docFreq=289, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             1.1300637 = fieldWeight in 3065, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.027006 = idf(docFreq=289, maxDocs=44218)
               0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=3065)
         0.23327021 = weight(abstract_txt:precise in 3065) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.23327021 = score(doc=3065,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1845567 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2917924 = boost
               6.7410603 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             1.2639488 = fieldWeight in 3065, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7410603 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44218)
               0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=3065)
         0.26079533 = weight(abstract_txt:specification in 3065) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.26079533 = score(doc=3065,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19880325 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3407246 = boost
               6.996407 = idf(docFreq=109, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             1.3118263 = fieldWeight in 3065, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.996407 = idf(docFreq=109, maxDocs=44218)
               0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=3065)
         0.21532205 = weight(abstract_txt:framework in 3065) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.21532205 = score(doc=3065,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25234208 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6162744 = boost
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.85329425 = fieldWeight in 3065, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=3065)
         0.18147066 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 3065) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18147066 = score(doc=3065,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.28366885 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9229183 = boost
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.6397272 = fieldWeight in 3065, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=3065)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

2. Herre, H.: General Formal Ontology (GFO) : a foundational ontology for conceptual modelling (2010) 0.17

   0.17307056 = sum of:
     0.17307056 = product of:
       0.5408455 = sum of:
         0.0470255 = weight(abstract_txt:domains in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0470255 = score(doc=771,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12690417 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0711882 = boost
               5.5898643 = idf(docFreq=448, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.37055913 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.5898643 = idf(docFreq=448, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
         0.099540524 = weight(abstract_txt:ontologies in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.099540524 = score(doc=771,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.13779418 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1162032 = boost
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.7223855 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
         0.13704947 = weight(abstract_txt:abstraction in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13704947 = score(doc=771,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.22619069 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.430096 = boost
               7.462781 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.6059023 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               7.462781 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
         0.030532653 = weight(abstract_txt:those in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030532653 = score(doc=771,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15104857 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.652727 = boost
               4.312277 = idf(docFreq=1610, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.20213798 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.312277 = idf(docFreq=1610, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
         0.015280766 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015280766 = score(doc=771,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09521463 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8557081 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.16048759 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
         0.04455347 = weight(abstract_txt:conceptual in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04455347 = score(doc=771,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19432467 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8745922 = boost
               4.891165 = idf(docFreq=902, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.22927335 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.891165 = idf(docFreq=902, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
         0.07612784 = weight(abstract_txt:framework in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07612784 = score(doc=771,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.25234208 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6162744 = boost
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.3016851 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
         0.09073533 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09073533 = score(doc=771,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.28366885 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9229183 = boost
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.3198636 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

3. Handbook of metadata, semantics and ontologies (2014) 0.15

   0.14820744 = sum of:
     0.14820744 = product of:
       0.46314827 = sum of:
         0.04433607 = weight(abstract_txt:domains in 5134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04433607 = score(doc=5134,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12690417 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0711882 = boost
               5.5898643 = idf(docFreq=448, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.34936652 = fieldWeight in 5134, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5898643 = idf(docFreq=448, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5134)
         0.048559204 = weight(abstract_txt:distributed in 5134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.048559204 = score(doc=5134,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13484003 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1041733 = boost
               5.761993 = idf(docFreq=377, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.36012456 = fieldWeight in 5134, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.761993 = idf(docFreq=377, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5134)
         0.08688609 = weight(abstract_txt:ontologies in 5134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08688609 = score(doc=5134,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.13779418 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1162032 = boost
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.6305498 = fieldWeight in 5134, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5134)
         0.05557229 = weight(abstract_txt:semantics in 5134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05557229 = score(doc=5134,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14752874 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1549579 = boost
               6.027006 = idf(docFreq=289, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.37668788 = fieldWeight in 5134, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.027006 = idf(docFreq=289, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5134)
         0.057889517 = weight(abstract_txt:foundation in 5134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.057889517 = score(doc=5134,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1516018 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1707927 = boost
               6.1096387 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.38185242 = fieldWeight in 5134, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1096387 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5134)
         0.07775674 = weight(abstract_txt:precise in 5134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07775674 = score(doc=5134,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1845567 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2917924 = boost
               6.7410603 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.42131627 = fieldWeight in 5134, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7410603 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5134)
         0.020374354 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 5134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020374354 = score(doc=5134,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09521463 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8557081 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.21398345 = fieldWeight in 5134, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5134)
         0.07177401 = weight(abstract_txt:framework in 5134) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07177401 = score(doc=5134,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25234208 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6162744 = boost
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.28443143 = fieldWeight in 5134, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5134)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Buckland, M.K.; Florian, D.: Expertise, task complexity, and artificial intelligence : a conceptual framework (1991) 0.13

   0.13455093 = sum of:
     0.13455093 = product of:
       0.67275465 = sum of:
         0.13119905 = weight(abstract_txt:complexity in 4812) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13119905 = score(doc=4812,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14200322 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1331227 = boost
               5.913062 = idf(docFreq=324, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.923916 = fieldWeight in 4812, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.913062 = idf(docFreq=324, maxDocs=44218)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=4812)
         0.062383465 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 4812) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.062383465 = score(doc=4812,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.09521463 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8557081 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.65518785 = fieldWeight in 4812, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=4812)
         0.14851156 = weight(abstract_txt:conceptual in 4812) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14851156 = score(doc=4812,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19432467 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8745922 = boost
               4.891165 = idf(docFreq=902, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.7642445 = fieldWeight in 4812, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.891165 = idf(docFreq=902, maxDocs=44218)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=4812)
         0.17943504 = weight(abstract_txt:framework in 4812) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17943504 = score(doc=4812,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25234208 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6162744 = boost
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.7110786 = fieldWeight in 4812, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=4812)
         0.15122555 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 4812) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15122555 = score(doc=4812,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.28366885 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9229183 = boost
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.53310597 = fieldWeight in 4812, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=4812)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

5. Tennis, J.T.: Experientialist epistemology and classification theory : embodied and dimensional classification (2005) 0.13

   0.13412665 = sum of:
     0.13412665 = product of:
       0.5588611 = sum of:
         0.06270464 = weight(abstract_txt:ontologies in 5038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06270464 = score(doc=5038,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13779418 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1162032 = boost
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.45506012 = fieldWeight in 5038, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5038)
         0.098238856 = weight(abstract_txt:semantics in 5038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.098238856 = score(doc=5038,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.14752874 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1549579 = boost
               6.027006 = idf(docFreq=289, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.6658964 = fieldWeight in 5038, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.027006 = idf(docFreq=289, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5038)
         0.072361894 = weight(abstract_txt:foundation in 5038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.072361894 = score(doc=5038,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1516018 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1707927 = boost
               6.1096387 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.47731552 = fieldWeight in 5038, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1096387 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5038)
         0.018008554 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 5038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018008554 = score(doc=5038,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09521463 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8557081 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.18913643 = fieldWeight in 5038, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5038)
         0.20061448 = weight(abstract_txt:framework in 5038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20061448 = score(doc=5038,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.25234208 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6162744 = boost
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.79501003 = fieldWeight in 5038, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.550903 = idf(docFreq=1268, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5038)
         0.106932625 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 5038) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.106932625 = score(doc=5038,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.28366885 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9229183 = boost
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0211938 = queryNorm
             0.37696287 = fieldWeight in 5038, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5038)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)