Document (#24598)

Author

Schantz, R.

Title

Sinnliche versus begriffliche Repräsentation

Source

Herausforderungen an die Wissensorganisation: Visualisierung, multimediale Dokumente, Internetstrukturen. 5. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Berlin, 07.-10. Oktober 1997. Hrsg.: H. Czap u.a

Imprint

Würzburg : Ergon Verlag

Year

1998

Pages

S.31-40

Series

Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.5

Abstract

Eine überzeugende Verteidigung der Repräsentationstheorie des Geistes erfordert eine prinzipielle Unterscheidung zwischen zwei Arten von Repräsentationen: zwischen sinnlichen und begrifflichen Repräsentationen. Zunächst werde ich mich mit Auffassungen befassen, die sich einer klaren Trennung zwischen sinnlichen und kognitiven Prozessen widersetzen. Im Zentrum der Debatte stehen die von David Armstrong, George Pitcher und Daniel Dennett vertretenen Glaubenstheorien der sinnlichen Erfahrung. Diese Autoren versuchen, die Erfahrung auf ein epistemisches Begriffsrepertoire zurückzuführen, indem sie sie mit dem Erwerb von Meinungen, Neigungen zu Meinungen, unterdrückten Neigungen zu Meinungen oder unbewußten Meinungen über die Dinge identifizieren. Ich zeige, daß epistemische Analysen der Erfahrung zum Scheitern verurteilt sind, weil Meinungen, Urteile oder Gedanken für die Erfahrung nicht wesentlich sind. Erfahrungen rufen zwar im allgemeinen Meinungen hervor, aber sie sind nicht auf Meinungen zurückführbar. Obwohl wir gewöhnlich eine Reihe von Meinungen über die Gegenstände, die wir wahrnehmen, erwerben, so ist doch die Wahrnehmung in ihrem grundlegenden Sinn von solchen Meinungen logisch unabhängig. Nach der Kritik an den Glaubenstheorien der sinnlichen Erfahrung arbeite ich den wesentlichen Unterschied zwischen der sinnlichen Wahrnehmung und Erfahrung einerseits und Überzeugungen, Urteilen und Gedanken andererseits, kurzum zwischen sinnlichen und begrifflichen Repräsentationen, heraus. Der Unterschied zwischen einer sinnlichen und einer begrifflichen Repräsentation kann durch den Unterschied zwischen einem Bild von einem Sachverhalt und einer Aussage über diesen Sachverhalt illustriert werden. Schließlich lege ich dar, daß und wie man den bildhaften, piktorialen Charakter von sinnlichen Repräsentationen ernst nehmen kann, ohne sich dadurch zu der mysteriösen Annahme verleiten zu lassen, daß die Erfahrung Bilder im Geiste oder im Kopf beinhaltet.

Theme

Begriffstheorie
Information

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