Document (#35441)

Author
Williams, R.V.
Title
Hans Peter Luhn and Herbert M. Ohlman : their roles in the origins of keyword-in-context/permutation automatic indexing
Source
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.4, S.835-849
Year
2010
Abstract
The invention of automatic indexing using a keyword-in-context approach has generally been attributed solely to Hans Peter Luhn of IBM. This article shows that credit for this invention belongs equally to Luhn and Herbert Ohlman of the System Development Corporation. It also traces the origins of title derivative automatic indexing, its development and implementation, and current status.
Theme
Geschichte der Sacherschließung
Automatisches Indexieren
Object
KWIC

Similar documents (author)

  1. Williams, R.M.: ISI search network research front specialties (1983) 4.51
    4.512219 = sum of:
      4.512219 = weight(author_txt:williams in 1474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        4.512219 = fieldWeight in 1474, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.2195506 = idf(docFreq=87, maxDocs=44218)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1474)
    
  2. Williams, J.W.: Serials cataloging, 1985-1990 : an overview of a half-decade (1992) 4.51
    4.512219 = sum of:
      4.512219 = weight(author_txt:williams in 4207) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        4.512219 = fieldWeight in 4207, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.2195506 = idf(docFreq=87, maxDocs=44218)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=4207)
    
  3. Williams, D.A.: Information skills in the school curriculum (1991) 4.51
    4.512219 = sum of:
      4.512219 = weight(author_txt:williams in 4835) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        4.512219 = fieldWeight in 4835, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.2195506 = idf(docFreq=87, maxDocs=44218)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=4835)
    
  4. Williams, M.: Transparent information systems through gateways, front ends, intermediaries, and interfaces (1986) 4.51
    4.512219 = sum of:
      4.512219 = weight(author_txt:williams in 5135) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        4.512219 = fieldWeight in 5135, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.2195506 = idf(docFreq=87, maxDocs=44218)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5135)
    
  5. Williams, F.: Appraisal and evaluation of software products (1992) 4.51
    4.512219 = sum of:
      4.512219 = weight(author_txt:williams in 5307) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        4.512219 = fieldWeight in 5307, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          7.2195506 = idf(docFreq=87, maxDocs=44218)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5307)
    

Similar documents (content)

  1. Luhn, H.P.: Keyword-in-context index for technical literature (1985) 0.22
    0.22258243 = sum of:
      0.22258243 = product of:
        0.50586915 = sum of:
          0.0059043653 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0059043653 = score(doc=3638,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.03132007 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.18851699 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.01492926 = weight(abstract_txt:implementation in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01492926 = score(doc=3638,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07323906 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.081297 = boost
                5.2183776 = idf(docFreq=650, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.20384288 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.2183776 = idf(docFreq=650, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.034109976 = weight(abstract_txt:title in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.034109976 = score(doc=3638,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.08809091 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1858758 = boost
                5.723078 = idf(docFreq=392, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.38721335 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                5.723078 = idf(docFreq=392, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.04678486 = weight(abstract_txt:attributed in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04678486 = score(doc=3638,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15683901 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5823433 = boost
                7.636444 = idf(docFreq=57, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.2982986 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.636444 = idf(docFreq=57, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.011967934 = weight(abstract_txt:development in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.011967934 = score(doc=3638,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.079629384 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5945029 = boost
                3.8475635 = idf(docFreq=2563, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.15029545 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.8475635 = idf(docFreq=2563, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.042072408 = weight(abstract_txt:context in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.042072408 = score(doc=3638,freq=6.0), product of:
              0.101315305 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7985651 = boost
                4.339969 = idf(docFreq=1566, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.41526213 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                  6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                4.339969 = idf(docFreq=1566, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.046239458 = weight(abstract_txt:keyword in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.046239458 = score(doc=3638,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.19606605 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.5020146 = boost
                6.037405 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.23583613 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.037405 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.04492187 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04492187 = score(doc=3638,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.1526473 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.7038267 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.2942854 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.09232906 = weight(abstract_txt:peter in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09232906 = score(doc=3638,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.31089914 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1506371 = boost
                7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.29697433 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.602543 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.06251361 = weight(abstract_txt:automatic in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06251361 = score(doc=3638,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.21780309 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.2297306 = boost
                5.1955976 = idf(docFreq=665, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.28701892 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                5.1955976 = idf(docFreq=665, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
          0.104096346 = weight(abstract_txt:hans in 3638) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.104096346 = score(doc=3638,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.33678356 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.2791712 = boost
                7.912698 = idf(docFreq=43, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.30908975 = fieldWeight in 3638, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.912698 = idf(docFreq=43, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3638)
        0.44 = coord(11/25)
    
  2. Chung, E.-K.; Miksa, S.; Hastings, S.K.: ¬A framework of automatic subject term assignment for text categorization : an indexing conception-based approach (2010) 0.11
    0.1118881 = sum of:
      0.1118881 = product of:
        0.39960036 = sum of:
          0.008266112 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 3434) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.008266112 = score(doc=3434,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.03132007 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.2639238 = fieldWeight in 3434, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3434)
          0.020900965 = weight(abstract_txt:implementation in 3434) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.020900965 = score(doc=3434,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07323906 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.081297 = boost
                5.2183776 = idf(docFreq=650, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.28538004 = fieldWeight in 3434, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.2183776 = idf(docFreq=650, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3434)
          0.03899095 = weight(abstract_txt:title in 3434) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03899095 = score(doc=3434,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.08809091 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1858758 = boost
                5.723078 = idf(docFreq=392, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.44262168 = fieldWeight in 3434, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                5.723078 = idf(docFreq=392, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3434)
          0.034006722 = weight(abstract_txt:context in 3434) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.034006722 = score(doc=3434,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.101315305 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7985651 = boost
                4.339969 = idf(docFreq=1566, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.33565238 = fieldWeight in 3434, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.339969 = idf(docFreq=1566, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3434)
          0.06473524 = weight(abstract_txt:keyword in 3434) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06473524 = score(doc=3434,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.19606605 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.5020146 = boost
                6.037405 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.33017057 = fieldWeight in 3434, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.037405 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3434)
          0.10892976 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 3434) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.10892976 = score(doc=3434,freq=9.0), product of:
              0.1526473 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.7038267 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.7136042 = fieldWeight in 3434, product of:
                3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                  9.0 = termFreq=9.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3434)
          0.12377063 = weight(abstract_txt:automatic in 3434) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.12377063 = score(doc=3434,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.21780309 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.2297306 = boost
                5.1955976 = idf(docFreq=665, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.5682685 = fieldWeight in 3434, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                5.1955976 = idf(docFreq=665, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3434)
        0.28 = coord(7/25)
    
  3. Duff, A.S.; Craig, D.; McNeill, D.A.: ¬A note on the origins of the 'information society' (1996) 0.10
    0.09855839 = sum of:
      0.09855839 = product of:
        0.6159899 = sum of:
          0.106908344 = weight(abstract_txt:credit in 4894) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.106908344 = score(doc=4894,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.17141084 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6542182 = boost
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.6236965 = fieldWeight in 4894, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4894)
          0.11586803 = weight(abstract_txt:belongs in 4894) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11586803 = score(doc=4894,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1808588 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.699196 = boost
                8.200379 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.6406546 = fieldWeight in 4894, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.200379 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4894)
          0.13713472 = weight(abstract_txt:origins in 4894) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.13713472 = score(doc=4894,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.25496006 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.8531508 = boost
                6.8847027 = idf(docFreq=122, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.5378674 = fieldWeight in 4894, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.8847027 = idf(docFreq=122, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4894)
          0.25607884 = weight(abstract_txt:invention in 4894) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.25607884 = score(doc=4894,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.38662478 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.5134478 = boost
                8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.66234463 = fieldWeight in 4894, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4894)
        0.16 = coord(4/25)
    
  4. Wellisch, H.H.: ¬The art of indexing and some fallacies of its automation (1992) 0.07
    0.07296747 = sum of:
      0.07296747 = product of:
        0.60806227 = sum of:
          0.12578124 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 3958) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.12578124 = score(doc=3958,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.1526473 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.7038267 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.8239991 = fieldWeight in 3958, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3958)
          0.12377063 = weight(abstract_txt:automatic in 3958) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.12377063 = score(doc=3958,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.21780309 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.2297306 = boost
                5.1955976 = idf(docFreq=665, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.5682685 = fieldWeight in 3958, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.1955976 = idf(docFreq=665, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3958)
          0.35851038 = weight(abstract_txt:invention in 3958) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.35851038 = score(doc=3958,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.38662478 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.5134478 = boost
                8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.92728245 = fieldWeight in 3958, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3958)
        0.12 = coord(3/25)
    
  5. Keyser, P. de: Indexing : from thesauri to the Semantic Web (2012) 0.07
    0.0699298 = sum of:
      0.0699298 = product of:
        0.43706125 = sum of:
          0.0059043653 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 3197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0059043653 = score(doc=3197,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.03132007 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.18851699 = fieldWeight in 3197, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3197)
          0.03938681 = weight(abstract_txt:title in 3197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03938681 = score(doc=3197,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.08809091 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1858758 = boost
                5.723078 = idf(docFreq=392, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.44711545 = fieldWeight in 3197, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.723078 = idf(docFreq=392, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3197)
          0.19408467 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 3197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.19408467 = score(doc=3197,freq=14.0), product of:
              0.1526473 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.7038267 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              1.2714583 = fieldWeight in 3197, product of:
                3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
                  14.0 = termFreq=14.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3197)
          0.1976854 = weight(abstract_txt:automatic in 3197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1976854 = score(doc=3197,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.21780309 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.2297306 = boost
                5.1955976 = idf(docFreq=665, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012979628 = queryNorm
              0.9076336 = fieldWeight in 3197, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                5.1955976 = idf(docFreq=665, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3197)
        0.16 = coord(4/25)