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Content

Inhalt: SESSION: Building and using cultural digital libraries Primarily history: historians and the search for primary source materials (Helen R. Tibbo) - Using the Gamera framework for the recognition of cultural heritage materials (Michael Droettboom, Ichiro Fujinaga, Karl MacMillan, G. Sayeed Chouhury, Tim DiLauro, Mark Patton, Teal Anderson) - Supporting access to large digital oral history archives (Samuel Gustman, Dagobert Soergel, Douglas Oard, William Byrne, Michael Picheny, Bhuvana Ramabhadran, Douglas Greenberg) SESSION: Summarization and question answering Using sentence-selection heuristics to rank text segments in TXTRACTOR (Daniel McDonald, Hsinchun Chen) - Using librarian techniques in automatic text summarization for information retrieval (Min-Yen Kan, Judith L. Klavans) - QuASM: a system for question answering using semi-structured data (David Pinto, Michael Branstein, Ryan Coleman, W. Bruce Croft, Matthew King, Wei Li, Xing Wei) SESSION: Studying users Reading-in-the-small: a study of reading on small form factor devices (Catherine C. Marshall, Christine Ruotolo) - A graph-based recommender system for digital library (Zan Huang, Wingyan Chung, Thian-Huat Ong, Hsinchun Chen) - The effects of topic familiarity on information search behavior (Diane Kelly, Colleen Cool) SESSION: Classification and browsing A language modelling approach to relevance profiling for document browsing (David J. Harper, Sara Coulthard, Sun Yixing) - Compound descriptors in context: a matching function for classifications and thesauri (Douglas Tudhope, Ceri Binding, Dorothee Blocks, Daniel Cunliffe) - Structuring keyword-based queries for web databases (Rodrigo C. Vieira, Pavel Calado, Altigran S. da Silva, Alberto H. F. Laender, Berthier A. Ribeiro-Neto) - An approach to automatic classification of text for information retrieval (Hong Cui, P. Bryan Heidorn, Hong Zhang)
SESSION: A digital libraries for education Middle school children's use of the ARTEMIS digital library (June Abbas, Cathleen Norris, Elliott Soloway) - Partnership reviewing: a cooperative approach for peer review of complex educational resources (John Weatherley, Tamara Sumner, Michael Khoo, Michael Wright, Marcel Hoffmann) - A digital library for geography examination resources (Lian-Heong Chua, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ee-Peng Lim, Zehua Liu, Rebecca Pei-Hui Ang) - Digital library services for authors of learning materials (Flora McMartin, Youki Terada) SESSION: Novel search environments Integration of simultaneous searching and reference linking across bibliographic resources on the web (William H. Mischo, Thomas G. Habing, Timothy W. Cole) - Exploring discussion lists: steps and directions (Paula S. Newman) - Comparison of two approaches to building a vertical search tool: a case study in the nanotechnology domain (Michael Chau, Hsinchun Chen, Jialun Qin, Yilu Zhou, Yi Qin, Wai-Ki Sung, Daniel McDonald) SESSION: Video and multimedia digital libraries A multilingual, multimodal digital video library system (Michael R. Lyu, Edward Yau, Sam Sze) - A digital library data model for music (Natalia Minibayeva, Jon W. Dunn) - Video-cuebik: adapting image search to video shots (Alexander G. Hauptmann, Norman D. Papernick) - Virtual multimedia libraries built from the web (Neil C. Rowe) - Multi-modal information retrieval from broadcast video using OCR and speech recognition (Alexander G. Hauptmann, Rong Jin, Tobun Dorbin Ng) SESSION: OAI application Extending SDARTS: extracting metadata from web databases and interfacing with the open archives initiative (Panagiotis G. Ipeirotis, Tom Barry, Luis Gravano) - Using the open archives initiative protocols with EAD (Christopher J. Prom, Thomas G. Habing) - Preservation and transition of NCSTRL using an OAI-based architecture (H. Anan, X. Liu, K. Maly, M. Nelson, M. Zubair, J. C. French, E. Fox, P. Shivakumar) - Integrating harvesting into digital library content (David A. Smith, Anne Mahoney, Gregory Crane) SESSION: Searching across language, time, and space Harvesting translingual vocabulary mappings for multilingual digital libraries (Ray R. Larson, Fredric Gey, Aitao Chen) - Detecting events with date and place information in unstructured text (David A. Smith) - Using sharable ontology to retrieve historical images (Von-Wun Soo, Chen-Yu Lee, Jaw Jium Yeh, Ching-chih Chen) - Towards an electronic variorum edition of Cervantes' Don Quixote:: visualizations that support preparation (Rajiv Kochumman, Carlos Monroy, Richard Furuta, Arpita Goenka, Eduardo Urbina, Erendira Melgoza)
SESSION: NSDL Core services in the architecture of the national science digital library (NSDL) (Carl Lagoze, William Arms, Stoney Gan, Diane Hillmann, Christopher Ingram, Dean Krafft, Richard Marisa, Jon Phipps, John Saylor, Carol Terrizzi, Walter Hoehn, David Millman, James Allan, Sergio Guzman-Lara, Tom Kalt) - Creating virtual collections in digital libraries: benefits and implementation issues (Gary Geisler, Sarah Giersch, David McArthur, Marty McClelland) - Ontology services for curriculum development in NSDL (Amarnath Gupta, Bertram Ludäscher, Reagan W. Moore) - Interactive digital library resource information system: a web portal for digital library education (Ahmad Rafee Che Kassim, Thomas R. Kochtanek) SESSION: Digital library communities and change Cross-cultural usability of the library metaphor (Elke Duncker) - Trust and epistemic communities in biodiversity data sharing (Nancy A. Van House) - Evaluation of digital community information systems (K. T. Unruh, K. E. Pettigrew, J. C. Durrance) - Adapting digital libraries to continual evolution (Bruce R. Barkstrom, Melinda Finch, Michelle Ferebee, Calvin Mackey) SESSION: Models and tools for generating digital libraries Localizing experience of digital content via structural metadata (Naomi Dushay) - Collection synthesis (Donna Bergmark) - 5SL: a language for declarative specification and generation of digital libraries (Marcos André, Gonçalves, Edward A. Fox) SESSION: Novel user interfaces A digital library of conversational expressions: helping profoundly disabled users communicate (Hayley Dunlop, Sally Jo Cunningham, Matt Jones) - Enhancing the ENVISION interface for digital libraries (Jun Wang, Abhishek Agrawal, Anil Bazaza, Supriya Angle, Edward A. Fox, Chris North) - A wearable digital library of personal conversations (Wei-hao Lin, Alexander G. Hauptmann) - Collaborative visual interfaces to digital libraries (Katy Börner, Ying Feng, Tamara McMahon) - Binding browsing and reading activities in a 3D digital library (Pierre Cubaud, Pascal Stokowski, Alexandre Topol)
SESSION: Federating and harvesting metadata DP9: an OAI gateway service for web crawlers (Xiaoming Liu, Kurt Maly, Mohammad Zubair, Michael L. Nelson) - The Greenstone plugin architecture (Ian H. Witten, David Bainbridge, Gordon Paynter, Stefan Boddie) - Building FLOW: federating libraries on the web (Anna Keller Gold, Karen S. Baker, Jean-Yves LeMeur, Kim Baldridge) - JAFER ToolKit project: interfacing Z39.50 and XML (Antony Corfield, Matthew Dovey, Richard Mawby, Colin Tatham) - Schema extraction from XML collections (Boris Chidlovskii) - Mirroring an OAI archive on the I2-DSI channel (Ashwini Pande, Malini Kothapalli, Ryan Richardson, Edward A. Fox) SESSION: Music digital libraries HMM-based musical query retrieval (Jonah Shifrin, Bryan Pardo, Colin Meek, William Birmingham) - A comparison of melodic database retrieval techniques using sung queries (Ning Hu, Roger B. Dannenberg) - Enhancing access to the levy sheet music collection: reconstructing full-text lyrics from syllables (Brian Wingenroth, Mark Patton, Tim DiLauro) - Evaluating automatic melody segmentation aimed at music information retrieval (Massimo Melucci, Nicola Orio) SESSION: Preserving, securing, and assessing digital libraries A methodology and system for preserving digital data (Raymond A. Lorie) - Modeling web data (James C. French) - An evaluation model for a digital library services tool (Jim Dorward, Derek Reinke, Mimi Recker) - Why watermark?: the copyright need for an engineering solution (Michael Seadle, J. R. Deller, Jr., Aparna Gurijala) SESSION: Image and cultural digital libraries Time as essence for photo browsing through personal digital libraries (Adrian Graham, Hector Garcia-Molina, Andreas Paepcke, Terry Winograd) - Toward a distributed terabyte text retrieval system in China-US million book digital library (Bin Liu, Wen Gao, Ling Zhang, Tie-jun Huang, Xiao-ming Zhang, Jun Cheng) - Enhanced perspectives for historical and cultural documentaries using informedia technologies (Howard D. Wactlar, Ching-chih Chen) - Interfaces for palmtop image search (Mark Derthick)
SESSION: Digital libraries for spatial data The ADEPT digital library architecture (Greg Janée, James Frew) - G-Portal: a map-based digital library for distributed geospatial and georeferenced resources (Ee-Peng Lim, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Zehua Liu, Wee-Keong Ng, Christopher Soo-Guan Khoo, Susan Ellen Higgins) PANEL SESSION: Panels You mean I have to do what with whom: statewide museum/library DIGI collaborative digitization projects---the experiences of California, Colorado & North Carolina (Nancy Allen, Liz Bishoff, Robin Chandler, Kevin Cherry) - Overcoming impediments to effective health and biomedical digital libraries (William Hersh, Jan Velterop, Alexa McCray, Gunther Eynsenbach, Mark Boguski) - The challenges of statistical digital libraries (Cathryn Dippo, Patricia Cruse, Ann Green, Carol Hert) - Biodiversity and biocomplexity informatics: policy and implementation science versus citizen science (P. Bryan Heidorn) - Panel on digital preservation (Joyce Ray, Robin Dale, Reagan Moore, Vicky Reich, William Underwood, Alexa T. McCray) - NSDL: from prototype to production to transformational national resource (William Y. Arms, Edward Fox, Jeanne Narum, Ellen Hoffman) - How important is metadata? (Hector Garcia-Molina, Diane Hillmann, Carl Lagoze, Elizabeth Liddy, Stuart Weibel) - Planning for future digital libraries programs (Stephen M. Griffin) DEMONSTRATION SESSION: Demonstrations u.a.: FACET: thesaurus retrieval with semantic term expansion (Douglas Tudhope, Ceri Binding, Dorothee Blocks, Daniel Cunliffe) - MedTextus: an intelligent web-based medical meta-search system (Bin Zhu, Gondy Leroy, Hsinchun Chen, Yongchi Chen) POSTER SESSION: Posters TUTORIAL SESSION: Tutorials u.a.: Thesauri and ontologies in digital libraries: 1. structure and use in knowledge-based assistance to users (Dagobert Soergel) - How to build a digital library using open-source software (Ian H. Witten) - Thesauri and ontologies in digital libraries: 2. design, evaluation, and development (Dagobert Soergel) WORKSHOP SESSION: Workshops Document search interface design for large-scale collections and intelligent access (Javed Mostafa) - Visual interfaces to digital libraries (Katy Börner, Chaomei Chen) - Text retrieval conference (TREC) genomics pre-track workshop (William Hersh)

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Content

Inhalt: An Introduction to Metatheories, Theories, and Models (Marcia J. Bates) - What Methodology Does to Theory: Sense-Making Methodology as Exemplar (Brenda Dervin) Evolution in Information Behavior Modeling Wilson's Model (T.D. Wilson) - Affective Load (Diane Nahl) - Anomalous State of Knowledge (Nicholas J. Belkin) - Archival Intelligence (Elizabeth Yakel) - Bandura's Social Cognition (Makiko Miwa) - Berrypicking (Marcia J. Bates) - Big6 Skills for Information Literacy (Carrie A. Lowe and Michael B. Eisenberg) - Chang's Browsing (Chan-Ju L. Chang) - Chatman's Information Poverty (Julie Hersberger) - Chatman's Life in the Round (Crystal Fulton) - Cognitive Authority (Soo Young Rieh) - Cognitive Work Analysis (Raya Fidel and Annelise Mark Pejtersen) - Collective Action Dilemma (Marc Smith and Howard T. Weiser) - Communicative Action (Gerald Benoît) - Communities of Practice (Elisabeth Davies) - Cultural Models of Hall and Hofstede (Anita Komlodi) - Dervin's Sense-Making (Tonyia J. Tidline) - Diffusion Theory (Darian Lajoie-Paquette) - The Domain Analytic Approach to Scholars' Information Practices (Sanna Talja) - Ecological Theory of Human Information Behavior (Kirsty Williamson) - Elicitation as Micro-Level Information Seeking (Mei-Mei Wu) - Ellis's Model of InformationSeeking Behavior (David Ellis) - Everyday Life Information Seeking (Reijo Savolainen) - Face Threat (Lorri Mon) - Flow Theory (Charles Naumer) - General Model of the Information Seeking of Professionals (Gloria J. Leckie) - The Imposed Query (Melissa Gross) - Information Acquiringand-Sharing (Kevin Rioux) - Information Activities in Work Tasks (Katriina Byström) - Information Encountering (Sanda Erdelez) - Information Grounds (Karen E. Fisher) - Information Horizons (Diane H. Sonnenwald) - Information Intents (Ross J. Todd) - Information Interchange (Rita Marcella and Graeme Baxter) - Institutional Ethnography (Roz Stooke) - Integrative Framework for Information Seeking and Interactive Information Retrieval (Peter Ingwersen) - Interpretative Repertoires (Pamela J. McKenzie) - Krikelas's Model of Information Seeking (Jean Henefer and Crystal Fulton) - Kuhlthau's Information Search Process (Carol Collier Kuhlthau) - Library Anxiety (Patricia Katopol) - Monitoring and Blunting (Lynda M. Baker) - Motivational Factors for Interface Design (Carolyn Watters and Jack Duffy) - Network Gatekeeping (Karine Barzilai-Nahon) - Nonlinear Information Seeking (Allen Foster) - Optimal Foraging (JoAnn Jacoby) - Organizational Sense Making and Information Use (Anu Maclntosh-Murray) - The PAIN Hypothesis (Harry Bruce) -
Perspectives on the Tasks in which Information Behaviors Are Embedded (Barbara M. Wildemuth and Anthony Hughes) - Phenomenography (Louise Limberg) - Practice of Everyday Life (Paulette Rothbauer) - Principle of Least Effort (Donald O. Case) - Professions and Occupational Identities (Olof Sundin and Jenny Hedman) - Radical Change (Eliza T. Dresang) - Reader Response Theory (Catherine Sheldrick Ross) - Rounding and Dissonant Grounds (Paul Solomon) - Serious Leisure (Jenna Hartel) - Small-World Network Exploration (Lennart Björneborn) - Nan Lin's Theory of Social Capital (Catherine A. Johnson) - The Social Constructionist Viewpoint on Information Practices (Kimmo Tuominen, Sanna Talja, and Reijo Savolainen) - Social Positioning (Lisa M. Given) - The Socio-Cognitive Theory of Users Situated in Specific Contexts and Domains (Birger Hjoerland) - Strength of Weak Ties (Christopher M. Dixon) - Symbolic Violence (Steven Joyce) - Taylor's Information Use Environments (Ruth A. Palmquist) - Taylor's Question-Negotiation (Phillip M. Edwards) - Transtheoretical Model of the Health Behavior Change (C. Nadine Wathen and Roma M. Harris) - Value Sensitive Design (Batya Friedman and Nathan G. Freier) - Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (Lynne (E. E) McKechnie) - Web Information Behaviors of Organizational Workers (Brian Detlor) - Willingness to Return (Tammara Combs Turner and Joan C. Durrance) - Women's Ways of Knowing (Heidi Julien) - Work Task Information-Seeking and Retrieval Processes (Preben Hansen) - World Wide Web Information Seeking (Don Turnbull)

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 59(2006) H.3, S.90-93 (O. Oberhauser): "What a marvellous book! [dies vorwegnehmend als Quintessenz der folgenden Rezension und auch für den englischsprachigen Verlag gedacht]. Den drei Herausgeberinnen, die an den Universitäten von Washington (Seattle, WA), Missouri (Columbia, MO) und Western Ontario (London, Kanada) lehren, ist das seltene Kunststück geglückt, einen Band zu erstellen, der nicht nur als mustergültige Einführung in die Thematik human information behaviour zu dienen vermag, sondern gleichzeitig auch als Nachschlagewerk zu den vielfältigen theoretischen Ansätzen innerhalb dieser bedeutenden Teildisziplin der Informationswissenschaft herangezogen werden kann. Wie sie selbst in der Danksagung feststellen, ist das Buch "a collaborative work of the information behavior community" (S. xvii), wobei die editorische Leistung vor allem darin lag, 85 Beitragende aus zehn Ländern zu koordinieren bzw. zur Abfassung von 72 Artikeln von jeweils ähnlicher Länge (bzw. Knappheit und Kürze), Gestaltung und Lesbarkeit zu veranlassen. Unter diesen 85 Beitragenden ist im übrigen alles versammelt, was in dieser Teildisziplin Rang und Namen hat, mit Ausnahme der leider bereits verstorbenen Soziologin Elfreda A. Chatman, einer der einflussreichsten Theoretikerinnen im Bereich des Informationsverhaltens, deren Andenken das Buch auch gewidmet ist.
Weitere Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.2, S.303 (D.E. Agosto): "Due to the brevity of the entries, they serve more as introductions to a wide array of theories than as deep explorations of a select few. The individual entries are not as deep as those in more traditional reference volumes, such as The Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science (Drake, 2003) or The Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST) (Cronin, 2005), but the overall coverage is much broader. This volume is probably most useful to doctoral students who are looking for theoretical frameworks for nascent research projects or to more veteran researchers interested in an introductory overview of information behavior research, as those already familiar with this subfield also will probably already be familiar with most of the theories presented here. Since different authors have penned each of the various entries, the writing styles vary somewhat, but on the whole, this is a readable, pithy volume that does an excellent job of encapsulating this important area of information research."

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Content

Das Buchprojekt entstand im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes Theseus (Teilprojekt Alexandria). - Als Online Publikation vgl.: http://www.bui.haw-hamburg.de/fileadmin/user_upload/lewandowski/Web20-Buch/lewandowski-maass.pdf. Rez. in: ZfBB 56(2009) H.2, S.134-135 (K. Lepsky)

Editor

Lewandowski, D. u. C. Maaß

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Classification

006.7 22

Date

7. 3.2007 19:30:22

DDC

006.7 22

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.3, S.457-458 (A.M.A. Ahmad): "The concept of the semantic web has emerged because search engines and text-based searching are no longer adequate, as these approaches involve an extensive information retrieval process. The deployed searching and retrieving descriptors arc naturally subjective and their deployment is often restricted to the specific application domain for which the descriptors were configured. The new era of information technology imposes different kinds of requirements and challenges. Automatic extracted audiovisual features are required, as these features are more objective, domain-independent, and more native to audiovisual content. This book is a useful guide for researchers, experts, students, and practitioners; it is a very valuable reference and can lead them through their exploration and research in multimedia content and the semantic web. The book is well organized, and introduces the concept of the semantic web and multimedia content analysis to the reader through a logical sequence from standards and hypotheses through system examples, presenting relevant tools and methods. But in some chapters readers will need a good technical background to understand some of the details. Readers may attain sufficient knowledge here to start projects or research related to the book's theme; recent results and articles related to the active research area of integrating multimedia with semantic web technologies are included. This book includes full descriptions of approaches to specific problem domains such as content search, indexing, and retrieval. This book will be very useful to researchers in the multimedia content analysis field who wish to explore the benefits of emerging semantic web technologies in applying multimedia content approaches. The first part of the book covers the definition of the two basic terms multimedia content and semantic web. The Moving Picture Experts Group standards MPEG7 and MPEG21 are quoted extensively. In addition, the means of multimedia content description are elaborated upon and schematically drawn. This extensive description is introduced by authors who are actively involved in those standards and have been participating in the work of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/MPEG for many years. On the other hand, this results in bias against the ad hoc or nonstandard tools for multimedia description in favor of the standard approaches. This is a general book for multimedia content; more emphasis on the general multimedia description and extraction could be provided.

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Content

Inhalt: Bawden, D.: Encountering on the road to serendip? Browsing in new information environments. - Slavic, A.: Classification revisited: a web of knowledge. - Vernitski, A. u. P. Rafferty: Approaches to fiction retrieval research, from theory to practice? - Inskip, C.: Music information retrieval research. - Peters, I.: Folksonomies, social tagging and information retrieval. - Kopak, R., L. Freund u. H. O'Brien: Digital information interaction as semantic navigation. - Thelwall, M.: Assessing web search engines: a webometric approach

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt VÖB 64(2911) H.3/4, S.547-553 (O. Oberhauser): "Dieser mit 156 Seiten (inklusive Register) relativ schmale Band enthält sieben mit dem Gütesiegel "peer-reviewed" versehene Beiträge namhafter Autoren zu "research fronts" auf dem Gebiet des Information Retrieval (IR) - ein Begriff, der hier durchaus breit verstanden wird. Wie die Herausgeber Allen Foster und Pauline Rafferty - beide aus dem Department of Information Studies an der Aberystwyth University (Wales) - in ihrer Einleitung betonen, sind Theorie und Praxis der Wissensorganisation im Internet- Zeitalter nicht mehr nur die Domäne von Informationswissenschaftlern und Bibliotheksfachleuten, sondern auch von Informatikern, Semantic-Web-Entwicklern und Wissensmanagern aus den verschiedensten Institutionen; neben das wissenschaftliche Interesse am Objektbereich ist nun auch das kommerzielle getreten. Die Verarbeitung von Massendaten, die Beschäftigung mit komplexen Medien und die Erforschung der Möglichkeiten zur Einbeziehung der Rezipienten sind insbesondere die Aspekte, um die es heute geht. ..." Weitere Rez. in: Library review 61(2012) no.3, S.233-235 (G. Macgregor); J. Doc. 69(2013) no.2, S.320-321 (J. Bates)

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Content

Inhalt: Uses, Users, and User Interaction Metadata Applications - Semantic Browsing / Alexander Faaborg, Carl Lagoze Annotation and Recommendation Automatic Classification and Indexing - Cross-Lingual Text Categorization / Nuria Bel, Cornelis H.A. Koster, Marta Villegas - Automatic Multi-label Subject Indexing in a Multilingual Environment / Boris Lauser, Andreas Hotho Web Technologies Topical Crawling, Subject Gateways - VASCODA: A German Scientific Portal for Cross-Searching Distributed Digital Resource Collections / Heike Neuroth, Tamara Pianos Architectures and Systems Knowledge Organization: Concepts - The ADEPT Concept-Based Digital Learning Environment / T.R. Smith, D. Ancona, O. Buchel, M. Freeston, W. Heller, R. Nottrott, T. Tierney, A. Ushakov - A User Evaluation of Hierarchical Phrase Browsing / Katrina D. Edgar, David M. Nichols, Gordon W. Paynter, Kirsten Thomson, Ian H. Witten - Visual Semantic Modeling of Digital Libraries / Qinwei Zhu, Marcos Andre Gongalves, Rao Shen, Lillian Cassell, Edward A. Fox Collection Building and Management Knowledge Organization: Authorities and Works - Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR / Christian Monch, Trond Aalberg Information Retrieval in Different Application Areas Digital Preservation Indexing and Searching of Special Document and Collection Information

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Abstract

Why doesn't your home page appear on the first page of search results, even when you query your own name? How do other Web pages always appear at the top? What creates these powerful rankings? And how? The first book ever about the science of Web page rankings, "Google's PageRank and Beyond" supplies the answers to these and other questions and more. The book serves two very different audiences: the curious science reader and the technical computational reader. The chapters build in mathematical sophistication, so that the first five are accessible to the general academic reader. While other chapters are much more mathematical in nature, each one contains something for both audiences. For example, the authors include entertaining asides such as how search engines make money and how the Great Firewall of China influences research. The book includes an extensive background chapter designed to help readers learn more about the mathematics of search engines, and it contains several MATLAB codes and links to sample Web data sets. The philosophy throughout is to encourage readers to experiment with the ideas and algorithms in the text. Any business seriously interested in improving its rankings in the major search engines can benefit from the clear examples, sample code, and list of resources provided. It includes: many illustrative examples and entertaining asides; MATLAB code; accessible and informal style; and complete and self-contained section for mathematics review.

Content

Inhalt: Chapter 1. Introduction to Web Search Engines: 1.1 A Short History of Information Retrieval - 1.2 An Overview of Traditional Information Retrieval - 1.3 Web Information Retrieval Chapter 2. Crawling, Indexing, and Query Processing: 2.1 Crawling - 2.2 The Content Index - 2.3 Query Processing Chapter 3. Ranking Webpages by Popularity: 3.1 The Scene in 1998 - 3.2 Two Theses - 3.3 Query-Independence Chapter 4. The Mathematics of Google's PageRank: 4.1 The Original Summation Formula for PageRank - 4.2 Matrix Representation of the Summation Equations - 4.3 Problems with the Iterative Process - 4.4 A Little Markov Chain Theory - 4.5 Early Adjustments to the Basic Model - 4.6 Computation of the PageRank Vector - 4.7 Theorem and Proof for Spectrum of the Google Matrix Chapter 5. Parameters in the PageRank Model: 5.1 The a Factor - 5.2 The Hyperlink Matrix H - 5.3 The Teleportation Matrix E Chapter 6. The Sensitivity of PageRank; 6.1 Sensitivity with respect to alpha - 6.2 Sensitivity with respect to H - 6.3 Sensitivity with respect to vT - 6.4 Other Analyses of Sensitivity - 6.5 Sensitivity Theorems and Proofs Chapter 7. The PageRank Problem as a Linear System: 7.1 Properties of (I - alphaS) - 7.2 Properties of (I - alphaH) - 7.3 Proof of the PageRank Sparse Linear System Chapter 8. Issues in Large-Scale Implementation of PageRank: 8.1 Storage Issues - 8.2 Convergence Criterion - 8.3 Accuracy - 8.4 Dangling Nodes - 8.5 Back Button Modeling

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Date

23. 3.2008 19:10:22

Footnote

In 13 chapters, Part Two provides an introduction to KDD, an overview of data mining techniques, and examples of the usefulness of data model visualizations. The importance of visualization throughout the KDD process is stressed in many of the chapters. In particular, the need for measures of visualization effectiveness, benchmarking for identifying best practices, and the use of standardized sample data sets is convincingly presented. Many of the important data mining approaches are discussed in this complementary context. Cluster and outlier detection, classification techniques, and rule discovery algorithms are presented as the basic techniques common to the KDD process. The potential effectiveness of using visualization in the data modeling process are illustrated in chapters focused an using visualization for helping users understand the KDD process, ask questions and form hypotheses about their data, and evaluate the accuracy and veracity of their results. The 11 chapters of Part Three provide an overview of the KDD process and successful approaches to integrating KDD, data mining, and visualization in complementary domains. Rhodes (Chapter 21) begins this section with an excellent overview of the relation between the KDD process and data mining techniques. He states that the "primary goals of data mining are to describe the existing data and to predict the behavior or characteristics of future data of the same type" (p. 281). These goals are met by data mining tasks such as classification, regression, clustering, summarization, dependency modeling, and change or deviation detection. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how visualization can aid users in the interactive process of knowledge discovery by graphically representing the results from these iterative tasks. Finally, examples of the usefulness of integrating visualization and data mining tools in the domain of business, imagery and text mining, and massive data sets are provided. This text concludes with a thorough and useful 17-page index and lengthy yet integrating 17-page summary of the academic and industrial backgrounds of the contributing authors. A 16-page set of color inserts provide a better representation of the visualizations discussed, and a URL provided suggests that readers may view all the book's figures in color on-line, although as of this submission date it only provides access to a summary of the book and its contents. The overall contribution of this work is its focus an bridging two distinct areas of research, making it a valuable addition to the Morgan Kaufmann Series in Database Management Systems. The editors of this text have met their main goal of providing the first textbook integrating knowledge discovery, data mining, and visualization. Although it contributes greatly to our under- standing of the development and current state of the field, a major weakness of this text is that there is no concluding chapter to discuss the contributions of the sum of these contributed papers or give direction to possible future areas of research. "Integration of expertise between two different disciplines is a difficult process of communication and reeducation. Integrating data mining and visualization is particularly complex because each of these fields in itself must draw an a wide range of research experience" (p. 300). Although this work contributes to the crossdisciplinary communication needed to advance visualization in KDD, a more formal call for an interdisciplinary research agenda in a concluding chapter would have provided a more satisfying conclusion to a very good introductory text.
With contributors almost exclusively from the computer science field, the intended audience of this work is heavily slanted towards a computer science perspective. However, it is highly readable and provides introductory material that would be useful to information scientists from a variety of domains. Yet, much interesting work in information visualization from other fields could have been included giving the work more of an interdisciplinary perspective to complement their goals of integrating work in this area. Unfortunately, many of the application chapters are these, shallow, and lack complementary illustrations of visualization techniques or user interfaces used. However, they do provide insight into the many applications being developed in this rapidly expanding field. The authors have successfully put together a highly useful reference text for the data mining and information visualization communities. Those interested in a good introduction and overview of complementary research areas in these fields will be satisfied with this collection of papers. The focus upon integrating data visualization with data mining complements texts in each of these fields, such as Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Fayyad et al., MIT Press) and Readings in Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think (Card et. al., Morgan Kauffman). This unique work is a good starting point for future interaction between researchers in the fields of data visualization and data mining and makes a good accompaniment for a course focused an integrating these areas or to the main reference texts in these fields."

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Content

Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitung 2. Bibliothekspolitik 3. Begriffsdefinitionen 3.1. Bibliothek - 3.2. Archiv - 3.3. Museum - 3.4. Information und Dokumentation - 3.5. Information - 3.6. Semantik und semantische Technologien - 3.7. Ontologie - 3.8. Recall und Precision 4. Bibliotheken aus statistischer Sicht - Kennzahlen 5. Bibliographische Tools 5.1. Austauschformate 5.1.1. MAB / MAB2 - 5.1.2. Allegro-C - 5.1.3. MARC 2 - 5.1.4. Z39.50 - 5.1.5. Weitere Formate 5.2. Kataloge / OPACs 5.2.1. Aleph 500 - 5.2.2. Allegro-C - 5.2.3. WorldCat beta 5.3. Dokumentationssysteme 5.4. Suchmaschinen 5.4.1. Convera und ProTerm - 5.4.2. APA Online Manager - 5.4.3. Google Scholar - 5.4.4. Scirus - 5.4.5. OAIster - 5.4.6. GRACE 5.5. Informationsportale 5.5.1. iPort - 5.5.2. MetaLib - 5.5.3. Vascoda - 5.5.4. Dandelon - 5.5.5. BAM-Portal - 5.5.6. Prometheus 6. Semantische Anreicherung 6.1. Indexierung - 6.2. Klassifikation - 6.3. Thesauri 38 - 6.4. Social Tagging 7. Projekte 7.1. Bibster - 7.2. Open Archives Initiative OAI - 7.3. Renardus - 7.4. Perseus Digital Library - 7.5. JeromeDL - eLibrary with Semantics 8. Semantische Technologien in BAM-InstitutionenÖsterreichs 8.1. Verbundkatalog des Österreichischen Bibliothekenverbunds - 8.2. Bibliotheken Online - WebOPAC der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken - 8.3. Umfrage-Design - 8.4. Auswertung 9. Fazit und Ausblick 10. Quellenverzeichnis 11. Web-Links 12. Anhang Vgl.: http://www.semantic-web.at/file_upload/1_tmpphp154oO0.pdf.

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt VÖB 60(2007)H.3, S.80-81 (J. Bertram): "Wie aus dem Titel der Publikation hervorgeht, will der Autor eine Bestandsaufnahme zum Einsatz semantischer Technologien im BID-Bereich (Bibliothek - Information - Dokumentation) bzw. BAM-Bereich (Bibliothek - Archiv - Museum) vornehmen. einigem Befremden, dass eines von insgesamt drei Vorwörtern für ein einschlägiges Softwareprodukt wirbt und von einer Firmenmitarbeiterin verfasst worden ist. Nach einer Skizze des gegenwärtigen Standes nationaler und europäischer Bibliothekspolitik folgen kurze Definitionen zu den beteiligten Branchen, zu semantischen Technologien und zu Precision und Recall. Die Ausführungen zu semantischen Technologien hätten durchaus gleich an den Anfang gestellt werden können, schließlich sollen sie ja das Hauptthema der vorliegenden Publikation abgeben. Zudem hätten sie konkreter, trennschärfer und ausführlicher ausfallen können. Der Autor moniert zu Recht das Fehlen einer einheitlichen Auffassung, was unter semantischen Technologien denn nun genau zu verstehen sei. Seine Definition lässt allerdings Fragen offen. So wird z.B. nicht geklärt, was besagte Technologien von den hier auch immer wieder erwähnten semantischen Tools unterscheidet. Das nachfolgende Kapitel über bibliographische Tools vereint eine Aufzählung konkreter Beispiele für Austauschformate, Dokumentationssysteme, Suchmaschinen, Informationsportale und OPACs. Im Anschluss daran stellt der Autor Methoden semantischer Anreicherung (bibliographischer) Daten vor und präsentiert Projekte im Bibliotheksbereich. Der aufzählende Charakter dieses und des vorangestellten Kapitels mag einem schnellen Überblick über die fraglichen Gegenstände dienlich sein, für eine systematische Lektüre eignen sich diese Passagen weniger. Auch wird der Bezug zu semantischen Technologien nicht durchgängig hergestellt.

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Footnote

Rez. in: iwp 62(2011) H.4, S.205-206 (C. Carstens): "Welche Arten der Wissensrepräsentation existieren im Web, wie ausgeprägt sind semantische Strukturen in diesem Kontext, und wie können soziale Aktivitäten im Sinne des Web 2.0 zur Strukturierung von Wissen im Web beitragen? Diesen Fragen widmet sich Wellers Buch mit dem Titel Knowledge Representation in the Social Semantic Web. Der Begriff Social Semantic Web spielt einerseits auf die semantische Strukturierung von Daten im Sinne des Semantic Web an und deutet andererseits auf die zunehmend kollaborative Inhaltserstellung im Social Web hin. Weller greift die Entwicklungen in diesen beiden Bereichen auf und beleuchtet die Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen, die aus der Kombination der Aktivitäten im Semantic Web und im Social Web entstehen. Der Fokus des Buches liegt dabei primär auf den konzeptuellen Herausforderungen, die sich in diesem Kontext ergeben. So strebt die originäre Vision des Semantic Web die Annotation aller Webinhalte mit ausdrucksstarken, hochformalisierten Ontologien an. Im Social Web hingegen werden große Mengen an Daten von Nutzern erstellt, die häufig mithilfe von unkontrollierten Tags in Folksonomies annotiert werden. Weller sieht in derartigen kollaborativ erstellten Inhalten und Annotationen großes Potenzial für die semantische Indexierung, eine wichtige Voraussetzung für das Retrieval im Web. Das Hauptinteresse des Buches besteht daher darin, eine Brücke zwischen den Wissensrepräsentations-Methoden im Social Web und im Semantic Web zu schlagen. Um dieser Fragestellung nachzugehen, gliedert sich das Buch in drei Teile. . . .

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Editor

Spink, A. u. C. Cole

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 59(2006) H.3, S.95-98 (O. Oberhauser): "Dieser Sammelband der Herausgeber A. Spink & C. Cole ist kurz vor ihrem im letzten Heft der Mitteilungen der VÖB besprochenen zweiten Buch erschienen. Er wendet sich an Informationswissenschaftler, Bibliothekare, Sozialwissenschaftler sowie Informatiker mit Interesse am Themenbereich Mensch-Computer-Interaktion und präsentiert einen Einblick in die aktuelle Forschung zum kognitiv orientierten Information Retrieval. Diese Richtung, die von der Analyse der Informationsprobleme der Benutzer und deren kognitivem Verhalten bei der Benutzung von Informationssystemen ausgeht, steht in einem gewissen Kontrast zum traditionell vorherrschenden IR-Paradigma, das sich auf die Optimierung der IR-Systeme und ihrer Effizienz konzentriert. "Cognitive information retrieval" oder CIR (natürlich geht es auch hier nicht ohne ein weiteres Akronym ab) ist ein interdisziplinärer Forschungsbereich, der Aktivitäten aus Informationswissenschaft, Informatik, Humanwissenschaften, Kognitionswissenschaft, Mensch-Computer-Interaktion und anderen informationsbezogenen Gebieten inkludiert.

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Abstract

A practical approach to developing and operating an effective programme to manage hybrid records within an organization. This title positions records management as an integral business function linked to the organisation's business aims and objectives. The authors also address the records requirements of new and significant pieces of legislation, such as data protection and freedom of information, as well as exploring strategies for managing electronic records. Bullet points, checklists and examples assist the reader throughout, making this a one-stop resource for information in this area.

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Abstract

This book discusses many of the key design issues for building search engines and emphazises the important role that applied mathematics can play in improving information retrieval. The authors discuss not only important data structures, algorithms, and software but also user-centered issues such as interfaces, manual indexing, and document preparation. They also present some of the current problems in information retrieval that many not be familiar to applied mathematicians and computer scientists and some of the driving computational methods (SVD, SDD) for automated conceptual indexing

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Editor

Griesbaum, J., T. Mandl u. C. Womser-Hacker

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB. 65(2012) H.1, S.109-113 (O. Oberhauser).

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Abstract

The second edition of Understanding Search Engines: Mathematical Modeling and Text Retrieval follows the basic premise of the first edition by discussing many of the key design issues for building search engines and emphasizing the important role that applied mathematics can play in improving information retrieval. The authors discuss important data structures, algorithms, and software as well as user-centered issues such as interfaces, manual indexing, and document preparation. Significant changes bring the text up to date on current information retrieval methods: for example the addition of a new chapter on link-structure algorithms used in search engines such as Google. The chapter on user interface has been rewritten to specifically focus on search engine usability. In addition the authors have added new recommendations for further reading and expanded the bibliography, and have updated and streamlined the index to make it more reader friendly.

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Abstract

Interested in how an efficient search engine works? Want to know what algorithms are used to rank resulting documents in response to user requests? The authors answer these and other key information on retrieval design and implementation questions is provided. This book is not yet another high level text. Instead, algorithms are thoroughly described, making this book ideally suited for both computer science students and practitioners who work on search-related applications. As stated in the foreword, this book provides a current, broad, and detailed overview of the field and is the only one that does so. Examples are used throughout to illustrate the algorithms. The authors explain how a query is ranked against a document collection using either a single or a combination of retrieval strategies, and how an assortment of utilities are integrated into the query processing scheme to improve these rankings. Methods for building and compressing text indexes, querying and retrieving documents in multiple languages, and using parallel or distributed processing to expedite the search are likewise described. This edition is a major expansion of the one published in 1998. Neuaufl. 2005: Besides updating the entire book with current techniques, it includes new sections on language models, cross-language information retrieval, peer-to-peer processing, XML search, mediators, and duplicate document detection.

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.11, S.1025-1026 (D.E. Agosto): ""Did you ever feel as though the Internet has caused you to lose control of your library?" So begins the introduction to this volume of over 50 articles, essays, library policies, and other documents from a variety of sources, most of which are library journals aimed at practitioners. Volume editor Block has a long history of library service as well as an active career as an online journalist. From 1977 to 1999 she was the Associate Director of Public Services at the St. Ambrose University library in Davenport, Iowa. She was also a Fox News Online weekly columnist from 1998 to 2000. She currently writes for and publishes the weekly ezine Exlibris, which focuses an the use of computers, the Internet, and digital databases to improve library services. Despite the promising premise of this book, the final product is largely a disappointment because of the superficial coverage of its issues. A listing of the most frequently represented sources serves to express the general level and style of the entries: nine articles are reprinted from Computers in Libraries, five from Library Journal, four from Library Journal NetConnect, four from ExLibris, four from American Libraries, three from College & Research Libraries News, two from Online, and two from The Chronicle of Higher Education. Most of the authors included contributed only one item, although Roy Tennant (manager of the California Digital Library) authored three of the pieces, and Janet L. Balas (library information systems specialist at the Monroeville Public Library in Pennsylvania) and Karen G. Schneider (coordinator of lii.org, the Librarians' Index to the Internet) each wrote two. Volume editor Block herself wrote six of the entries, most of which have been reprinted from ExLibris. Reading the volume is muck like reading an issue of one of these journals-a pleasant experience that discusses issues in the field without presenting much research. Net Effects doesn't offer much in the way of theory or research, but then again it doesn't claim to. Instead, it claims to be an "idea book" (p. 5) with practical solutions to Internet-generated library problems. While the idea is a good one, little of the material is revolutionary or surprising (or even very creative), and most of the solutions offered will already be familiar to most of the book's intended audience.
Unlike muck of the professional library literature, Net Effects is not an open-aimed embrace of technology. Block even suggests that it is helpful to have a Luddite or two an each library staff to identify the setbacks associated with technological advances in the library. Each of the book's 10 chapters deals with one Internet-related problem, such as "Chapter 4-The Shifted Librarian: Adapting to the Changing Expectations of Our Wired (and Wireless) Users," or "Chapter 8-Up to Our Ears in Lawyers: Legal Issues Posed by the Net." For each of these 10 problems, multiple solutions are offered. For example, for "Chapter 9-Disappearing Data," four solutions are offered. These include "Link-checking," "Have a technological disaster plan," "Advise legislators an the impact proposed laws will have," and "Standards for preservation of digital information." One article is given to explicate each of these four solutions. A short bibliography of recommended further reading is also included for each chapter. Block provides a short introduction to each chapter, and she comments an many of the entries. Some of these comments seem to be intended to provide a research basis for the proposed solutions, but they tend to be vague generalizations without citations, such as, "We know from research that students would rather ask each other for help than go to adults. We can use that (p. 91 )." The original publication dates of the entries range from 1997 to 2002, with the bulk falling into the 2000-2002 range. At up to 6 years old, some of the articles seem outdated, such as a 2000 news brief announcing the creation of the first "customizable" public library Web site (www.brarydog.net). These critiques are not intended to dismiss the volume entirely. Some of the entries are likely to find receptive audiences, such as a nuts-and-bolts instructive article for making Web sites accessible to people with disabilities. "Providing Equitable Access," by Cheryl H. Kirkpatrick and Catherine Buck Morgan, offers very specific instructions, such as how to renovate OPAL workstations to suit users with "a wide range of functional impairments." It also includes a useful list of 15 things to do to make a Web site readable to most people with disabilities, such as, "You can use empty (alt) tags (alt="') for images that serve a purely decorative function. Screen readers will skip empty (alt) tags" (p. 157). Information at this level of specificity can be helpful to those who are faced with creating a technological solution for which they lack sufficient technical knowledge or training.

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Abstract

Today's publishing infrastructure is rapidly changing. As electronic journals, digital libraries, collaboratories, logic servers, and other knowledge infrastructures emerge an the internet, the key aspects of this transformation need to be identified. Knowledge is becoming increasingly dynamic and integrated. Instead of writing self-contained articles, authors are turning to the new practice of embedding their findings into dynamic networks of knowledge. Here, the author details the implications that this transformation is having an the creation, dissemination and organization of academic knowledge. The author Shows that many established publishing principles need to be given up in order to facilitate this transformation. The text provides valuable insights for knowledge managers, designers of internet-based knowledge infrastructures, and professionals in the publishing industry. Researchers will find the scenarios and implications for research processes stimulating and thought-provoking.

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Date

22. 3.2008 14:35:21

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