Search (434 results, page 2 of 22)

0.016192785 = product of:
  0.07556633 = sum of:
    0.04744831 = weight(_text_:web in 5909) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.04744831 = score(doc=5909,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.47698978 = fieldWeight in 5909, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5909)
    0.01271066 = weight(_text_:information in 5909) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01271066 = score(doc=5909,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.23754507 = fieldWeight in 5909, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5909)
    0.015407355 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 5909) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.015407355 = score(doc=5909,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.16710453 = fieldWeight in 5909, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5909)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

This article focuses on the relevance judgments made by health information users who use the Web. Health information users were conceptualized as motivated information users concerned about how an environmental issue affects their health. Users identified their own environmental health interests and conducted a Web search of a particular environmental health Web site. Users were asked to identify (by highlighting with a mouse) the criteria they use to assess relevance in both Web search engine surrogates and full-text Web documents. Content analysis of document criteria highlighted by users identified the criteria these users relied on most often. Key criteria identified included (in order of frequency of appearance) research, topic, scope, data, influence, affiliation, Web characteristics, and authority/ person. A power-law distribution of criteria was observed (a few criteria represented most of the highlighted regions, with a long tail of occasionally used criteria). Implications of this work are that information retrieval (IR) systems should be tailored in terms of users' tendencies to rely on certain document criteria, and that relevance research should combine methods to gather richer, contextualized data. Metadata for IR systems, such as that used in search engine surrogates, could be improved by taking into account actual usage of relevance criteria. Such metadata should be user-centered (based on data from users, as in this study) and contextappropriate (fit to users' situations and tasks).

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.10, S.1368-1382

0.015137361 = product of:
  0.07064102 = sum of:
    0.043041058 = weight(_text_:web in 2591) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.043041058 = score(doc=2591,freq=18.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.43268442 = fieldWeight in 2591, product of:
          4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
            18.0 = termFreq=18.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2591)
    0.010168528 = weight(_text_:information in 2591) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.010168528 = score(doc=2591,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.19003606 = fieldWeight in 2591, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2591)
    0.01743143 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 2591) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01743143 = score(doc=2591,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.18905719 = fieldWeight in 2591, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2591)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

This study examined the success and information seeking behaviors of seventh-grade science students and graduate students in information science in using Yahooligans! Web search engine/directory. It investigated these users' cognitive, affective, and physical behaviors as they sought the answer for a fact-finding task. It analyzed and compared the overall patterns of children's and graduate students' Web activities, including searching moves, browsing moves, backtracking moves, looping moves, screen scrolling, target location and deviation moves, and the time they took to complete the task. The authors applied Bilal's Web Traversal Measure to quantify these users' effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of moves they made. Results were based on 14 children's Web sessions and nine graduate students' sessions. Both groups' Web activities were captured online using Lotus ScreenCam, a software package that records and replays online activities in Web browsers. Children's affective states were captured via exit interviews. Graduate students' affective states were extracted from the journal writings they kept during the traversal process. The study findings reveal that 89% of the graduate students found the correct answer to the search task as opposed to 50% of the children. Based on the Measure, graduate students' weighted effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of the Web moves they made were much higher than those of the children. Regardless of success and weighted scores, however, similarities and differences in information seeking were found between the two groups. Yahooligans! poor structure of keyword searching was a major factor that contributed to the "breakdowns" children and graduate students experienced. Unlike children, graduate students were able to recover from "breakdowns" quickly and effectively. Three main factors influenced these users' performance: ability to recover from "breakdowns", navigational style, and focus on task. Children and graduate students made recommendations for improving Yahooligans! interface design. Implications for Web user training and system design improvements are made.

Footnote

Beitrag in einem Themenheft: "Issues of context in information retrieval (IR)"

Source

Information processing and management. 38(2002) no.5, S.649-670

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

0.015041608 = product of:
  0.07019417 = sum of:
    0.04744831 = weight(_text_:web in 587) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.04744831 = score(doc=587,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.47698978 = fieldWeight in 587, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=587)
    0.007338503 = weight(_text_:information in 587) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.007338503 = score(doc=587,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.13714671 = fieldWeight in 587, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=587)
    0.015407355 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 587) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.015407355 = score(doc=587,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.16710453 = fieldWeight in 587, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=587)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Subject content analysis of Web query terms is essential to understand Web searching interests. Such analysis includes exploring search topics and observing changes in their frequency distributions with time. To provide a basis for in-depth analysis of users' search interests on a larger scale, this article presents a query categorization approach to automatically classifying Web query terms into broad subject categories. Because a query is short in length and simple in structure, its intended subject(s) of search is difficult to judge. Our approach, therefore, combines the search processes of real-world search engines to obtain highly ranked Web documents based on each unknown query term. These documents are used to extract cooccurring terms and to create a feature set. An effective ranking function has also been developed to find the most appropriate categories. Three search engine logs in Taiwan were collected and tested. They contained over 5 million queries from different periods of time. The achieved performance is quite encouraging compared with that of human categorization. The experimental results demonstrate that the approach is efficient in dealing with large numbers of queries and adaptable to the dynamic Web environment. Through good integration of human and machine efforts, the frequency distributions of subject categories in response to changes in users' search interests can be systematically observed in real time. The approach has also shown potential for use in various information retrieval applications, and provides a basis for further Web searching studies.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 53(2002) no.8, S.617-630

0.014998848 = product of:
  0.06999462 = sum of:
    0.039667886 = weight(_text_:wide in 6988) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.039667886 = score(doc=6988,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.13505316 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.29372054 = fieldWeight in 6988, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6988)
    0.021520529 = weight(_text_:web in 6988) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.021520529 = score(doc=6988,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.21634221 = fieldWeight in 6988, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6988)
    0.0088062035 = weight(_text_:information in 6988) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.0088062035 = score(doc=6988,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.16457605 = fieldWeight in 6988, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6988)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Reviews work of the Getty Art History Information Program (AHIP), recently renamed the Getty Information Institute, where humanities scholars were trained in DIALOG online searching and then allowed 24 hour unlimited access to DIALOG searching and DIALOG databases and where complete transaction logs were taken to yield the data upon which the Getty Online Searching Project was based. Summarizes results of the study of this subsidized access which was reported in a series of papers by M.J. Bates, who found that searching patterns of humanities researchers differed substantially from previous studies in the sciences and social sciences disciplines. Presents a model of the relative merits and opportunities associated with the various contractual arrangements and incentive strategies employed by AHIP with vendors such as DIALOG, consortia such as the Research Libraries Group, and a CD-ROM publication programme, compared to print publications and the experimental offer of access to some of the AHIP databases over the WWW. The arguments are illustrated by means of 2 case studies, involving: changes in pricing of the Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals; and the Getty Online Searching Project

0.014568672 = product of:
  0.10198069 = sum of:
    0.066113144 = weight(_text_:wide in 1762) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.066113144 = score(doc=1762,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.13505316 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.48953426 = fieldWeight in 1762, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1762)
    0.03586755 = weight(_text_:web in 1762) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.03586755 = score(doc=1762,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.36057037 = fieldWeight in 1762, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1762)
  0.14285715 = coord(2/14)

0.014374186 = product of:
  0.06707954 = sum of:
    0.04010114 = weight(_text_:web in 1081) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.04010114 = score(doc=1081,freq=10.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.40312994 = fieldWeight in 1081, product of:
          3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
            10.0 = termFreq=10.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1081)
    0.005189105 = weight(_text_:information in 1081) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.005189105 = score(doc=1081,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.09697737 = fieldWeight in 1081, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1081)
    0.021789288 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 1081) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.021789288 = score(doc=1081,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.23632148 = fieldWeight in 1081, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1081)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

The aim of the work described in this paper is to evaluate the influencing effects of query-biased summaries in web searching. For this purpose, a summarisation system has been developed, and a summary tailored to the user's query is generated automatically for each document retrieved. The system aims to provide both a better means of assessing document relevance than titles or abstracts typical of many web search result lists. Through visiting each result page at retrieval-time, the system provides the user with an idea of the current page content and thus deals with the dynamic nature of the web. To examine the effectiveness of this approach, a task-oriented, comparative evaluation between four different web retrieval systems was performed; two that use query-biased summarisation, and two that use the standard ranked titles/abstracts approach. The results from the evaluation indicate that query-biased summarisation techniques appear to be more useful and effective in helping users gauge document relevance than the traditional ranked titles/abstracts approach. The same methodology was used to compare the effectiveness of two of the web's major search engines; AltaVista and Google.

Source

Information processing and management. 39(2003) no.5, S.689-706

0.014349196 = product of:
  0.06696291 = sum of:
    0.039667886 = weight(_text_:wide in 3249) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.039667886 = score(doc=3249,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.13505316 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.29372054 = fieldWeight in 3249, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3249)
    0.0088062035 = weight(_text_:information in 3249) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.0088062035 = score(doc=3249,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.16457605 = fieldWeight in 3249, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3249)
    0.018488824 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 3249) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.018488824 = score(doc=3249,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.20052543 = fieldWeight in 3249, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3249)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Traditionally, catalogue records have contained a complete description of the item to ensure retrieval by a wide variety of approaches. An alternative approach, user centered design, requires a study of user behaviour and cognition related to interaction with the catalogue to determine inform design decisions. To support known item searching, it is necessary to users' conceptions of the item being sought, what the users know about them, and which pieces of known information are viewed by the users as most appropriate for inclusion in a search. Reports results of a pilot study, at the Davis Library, North Caroline University at Chapel Hill, in which 103 catalogue users described 386 searches and any written information known by the searchers was photocopied. Searchers generally knew the title, publication date, and page numbers (particular for periodical articles). Results indicated that this approach to catalogue design was feasible and valid, and provided a preliminary picture of nkown item searching in 1 library's catalogue

0.014071576 = product of:
  0.06566735 = sum of:
    0.033056572 = weight(_text_:wide in 5170) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.033056572 = score(doc=5170,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.13505316 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.24476713 = fieldWeight in 5170, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5170)
    0.017933775 = weight(_text_:web in 5170) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.017933775 = score(doc=5170,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.18028519 = fieldWeight in 5170, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5170)
    0.014677006 = weight(_text_:information in 5170) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.014677006 = score(doc=5170,freq=16.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.27429342 = fieldWeight in 5170, product of:
          4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
            16.0 = termFreq=16.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5170)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Meho and Tibbo show that the Ellis model of information seeking applies to a web environment by way of a replication of his study in this case using behavior of social science faculty studying stateless nations, a group diverse in skills, origins, and research specialities. Data were collected by way of e-mail interviews. Material on stateless nations was limited to papers in English on social science topics published between 1998 and 2000. Of these 251 had 212 unique authors identified as academic scholars and had sufficient information to provide e-mail addresses. Of the 139 whose addresses were located, 9 who were physically close were reserved for face to face interviews, and of the remainder 60 agreed to participate and responded to the 25 open ended question interview. Follow up questions generated a 75% response. Of the possible face to face interviews five agreed to participate and provided 26 thousand words as opposed to 69 thousand by the 45 e-mail participants. The activities of the Ellis model are confirmed but four additional activities are also identified. These are accessing, i.e. finding the material identified in indirect sources of information; networking, or the maintaining of close contacts with a wide range of colleagues and other human sources; verifying, i.e. checking the accuracy of new information; and information managing, the filing and organizing of collected information. All activities are grouped into four stages searching, accessing, processing, and ending.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.6, S.569-586

0.013826799 = product of:
  0.06452506 = sum of:
    0.043928597 = weight(_text_:web in 5158) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.043928597 = score(doc=5158,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.4416067 = fieldWeight in 5158, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5158)
    0.005189105 = weight(_text_:information in 5158) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.005189105 = score(doc=5158,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.09697737 = fieldWeight in 5158, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5158)
    0.015407355 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 5158) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.015407355 = score(doc=5158,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.16710453 = fieldWeight in 5158, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5158)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Usability of Web sites has become an increasingly important area of research as Web sites proliferate and problems with use are noted. Generally, aspects of Web sites that have been investigated focus on such areas as overall design and navigation. The exploratory study reported on here investigates one specific component of a Web site-the index structure. By employing index usability metrics developed by Liddy and Jörgensen (1993; Jörgensen & Liddy, 1996) and modified to accommodate a hypertext environment, the study compared the effectiveness and efficiency of 20 subjects who used one existing index (the A-Z index on the FedStats Web site at http://www.fedstats.gov) and three experimental variants to complete five researcher-generated tasks. User satisfaction with the indexes was also evaluated. The findings indicate that a hypertext index with multiple access points for each concept, all linked to the same resource, led to greater effectiveness and efficiency of retrieval on almost all measures. Satisfaction measures were more variable. The study offers insight into potential improvements in the design of Web-based indexes and provides preliminary assessment of the validity of the measures employed

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.11, S.971-988

0.013760334 = product of:
  0.06421489 = sum of:
    0.037274655 = weight(_text_:web in 2747) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.037274655 = score(doc=2747,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.37471575 = fieldWeight in 2747, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2747)
    0.018680777 = weight(_text_:information in 2747) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.018680777 = score(doc=2747,freq=18.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.34911853 = fieldWeight in 2747, product of:
          4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
            18.0 = termFreq=18.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2747)
    0.008259461 = product of:
      0.024778383 = sum of:
        0.024778383 = weight(_text_:22 in 2747) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.024778383 = score(doc=2747,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10673865 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030480823 = queryNorm
            0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 2747, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2747)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

This study focuses on the task as a fundamental factor in the context of information seeking. The purpose of the study is to characterize kinds of tasks and to examine how different kinds of task give rise to different kinds of information-seeking behavior on the Web. For this, a model for information-seeking behavior was used employing dimensions of information-seeking strategies (ISS), which are based on several behavioral dimensions. The analysis of strategies was based on data collected through an experiment designed to observe users' behaviors. Three tasks were assigned to 30 graduate students and data were collected using questionnaires, search logs, and interviews. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data identified 14 distinct information-seeking strategies. The analysis showed significant differences in the frequencies and patterns of ISS employed between three tasks. The results of the study are intended to facilitate the development of task-based information-seeking models and to further suggest Web information system designs that support the user's diverse tasks.

Date

22. 3.2009 18:54:15

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.4, S.679-693

0.013650215 = product of:
  0.063701004 = sum of:
    0.033056572 = weight(_text_:wide in 722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.033056572 = score(doc=722,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.13505316 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.24476713 = fieldWeight in 722, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=722)
    0.017933775 = weight(_text_:web in 722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.017933775 = score(doc=722,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.18028519 = fieldWeight in 722, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=722)
    0.01271066 = weight(_text_:information in 722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01271066 = score(doc=722,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.23754507 = fieldWeight in 722, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=722)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

There is very little qualitative data on what impact the Internet is having on information seeking in the workplace. Using open-ended interviews, questionnaires and observation, the impact of the Internet on the British Media was assessed. The focus was largely on newspapers, with The Guardian being covered in some depth. Over 300 journalists and media librarians were surveyed. It was found that amongst traditional journalists use was light. Poor access to the Internet - and good access to other information resources - were largely the reasons for this. Of the journalists it was mainly the older and more senior journalists and the New Media journalists who used the Internet. Librarians were also significant users. Searching the World Wide Web was the principal Internet activity and use was generally conservative in character. Newspapers and official sites were favoured, and searches were mainly of a fact-checking nature. Email was used on a very limited scale and was not regarded as a serious journalistic tool. Non-users were partly put off by the Internet's potential for overloading them with information and its reputation for producing information of suspect quality. Users generally dismissed these concerns, dealing with potential overload and quality problems largely by using authoritative sites and exploiting the lower quality data where it was needed. Where the Internet has been used it has not been at the expense of other information sources or communication channels, but online hosts seem to be at most risk in the future.

0.013377154 = product of:
  0.06242672 = sum of:
    0.02536219 = weight(_text_:web in 5164) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02536219 = score(doc=5164,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.25496176 = fieldWeight in 5164, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5164)
    0.01037821 = weight(_text_:information in 5164) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01037821 = score(doc=5164,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.19395474 = fieldWeight in 5164, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5164)
    0.026686322 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 5164) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.026686322 = score(doc=5164,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.28943354 = fieldWeight in 5164, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5164)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

The project proposes and tests a comprehensive and systematic model of user evaluation of Web search engines. The project contains two parts. Part I describes the background and the model including a set of criteria and measures, and a method for implementation. It includes a literature review for two periods. The early period (1995-1996) portrays the settings for developing the model and the later period (1997-2000) places two applications of the model among contemporary evaluation work. Part II presents one of the applications that investigated the evaluation of four major search engines by 36 undergraduates from three academic disciplines. It reports results from statistical analyses of quantitative data for the entire sample and among disciplines, and content analysis of verbal data containing users' reasons for satisfaction. The proposed model aims to provide systematic feedback to engine developers or service providers for system improvement and to generate useful insight for system design and tool choice. The model can be applied to evaluating other compatible information retrieval systems or information retrieval (IR) techniques. It intends to contribute to developing a theory of relevance that goes beyond topicality to include value and usefulness for designing user-oriented information retrieval systems.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.13, S.1175-1192

0.012975177 = product of:
  0.045413118 = sum of:
    0.017933775 = weight(_text_:web in 56) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.017933775 = score(doc=56,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.18028519 = fieldWeight in 56, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=56)
    0.005189105 = weight(_text_:information in 56) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.005189105 = score(doc=56,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.09697737 = fieldWeight in 56, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=56)
    0.015407355 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 56) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.015407355 = score(doc=56,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.16710453 = fieldWeight in 56, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=56)
    0.006882885 = product of:
      0.020648655 = sum of:
        0.020648655 = weight(_text_:22 in 56) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.020648655 = score(doc=56,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10673865 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030480823 = queryNorm
            0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 56, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=56)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2857143 = coord(4/14)

Abstract

The study reported here investigated the query expansion behavior of end-users interacting with a thesaurus-enhanced search system on the Web. Two groups, namely academic staff and postgraduate students, were recruited into this study. Data were collected from 90 searches performed by 30 users using the OVID interface to the CAB abstracts database. Data-gathering techniques included questionnaires, screen capturing software, and interviews. The results presented here relate to issues of search-topic and search-term characteristics, number and types of expanded queries, usefulness of thesaurus terms, and behavioral differences between academic staff and postgraduate students in their interaction. The key conclusions drawn were that (a) academic staff chose more narrow and synonymous terms than did postgraduate students, who generally selected broader and related terms; (b) topic complexity affected users' interaction with the thesaurus in that complex topics required more query expansion and search term selection; (c) users' prior topic-search experience appeared to have a significant effect on their selection and evaluation of thesaurus terms; (d) in 50% of the searches where additional terms were suggested from the thesaurus, users stated that they had not been aware of the terms at the beginning of the search; this observation was particularly noticeable in the case of postgraduate students.

Date

22. 7.2006 16:32:43

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.4, S.462-478

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

0.01289971 = product of:
  0.060198646 = sum of:
    0.03106221 = weight(_text_:web in 1687) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.03106221 = score(doc=1687,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.3122631 = fieldWeight in 1687, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1687)
    0.0137290815 = weight(_text_:information in 1687) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.0137290815 = score(doc=1687,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.256578 = fieldWeight in 1687, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1687)
    0.015407355 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 1687) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.015407355 = score(doc=1687,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.16710453 = fieldWeight in 1687, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1687)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

A search for information can be viewed as a series of decisions made by the searcher. Two dimensions of the search environment affect a user's decisions: the user's knowledge, and the configuration of the information retrieval system. Drawing an previous findings an users' lack of search or domain knowledge, this article investigates what the user needs to know to make informed search decisions at the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Web site, which provides statistical information an labor and related topics. Its extensive Web site is a rich collection of statistical information, ranging from individual statistics such as the current Consumer Price Index (CM), to a [arge statistical database called LABSTAT that can be queried to construct a tabie or time series an the fly. Two models of the search environment and the query process in LABSTAT are presented. They provide complementary views of the decision points at which help may be needed, and also suggest useful help content. Extensive examples based an the industry concept illustrate how the information could assist users' search decisions. The article concludes with a discussion of the role of help facilities in Web searching, and the interesting question of how to initiate the provision of help.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.8, S.782-797

0.012880011 = product of:
  0.06010672 = sum of:
    0.043041058 = weight(_text_:web in 197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.043041058 = score(doc=197,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.43268442 = fieldWeight in 197, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=197)
    0.0088062035 = weight(_text_:information in 197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.0088062035 = score(doc=197,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.16457605 = fieldWeight in 197, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=197)
    0.008259461 = product of:
      0.024778383 = sum of:
        0.024778383 = weight(_text_:22 in 197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.024778383 = score(doc=197,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10673865 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030480823 = queryNorm
            0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 197, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=197)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Four focus groups were held with young Web users (10 to 13 years of age) to explore design criteria for Web portals. The focus group participants commented upon four existing portals designed with young users in mind: Ask Jeeves for Kids, KidsClick, Lycos Zone, and Yahooligans! This article reports their first impressions on using these portals, their likes and dislikes, and their suggestions for improvements. Design criteria for children's Web portals are elaborated based upon these comments under four headings: portal goals, visual design, information architecture, and personalization. An ideal portal should cater for both educational and entertainment needs, use attractive screen designs based especially on effective use of color, graphics, and animation, provide both keyword search facilities and browsable subject categories, and allow individual user personalization in areas such as color and graphics

Date

2. 6.2005 10:34:22

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 53(2002) no.2, S.79-94

0.012767101 = product of:
  0.059579805 = sum of:
    0.012582912 = weight(_text_:information in 6966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.012582912 = score(doc=6966,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.23515764 = fieldWeight in 6966, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=6966)
    0.03736085 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 6966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.03736085 = score(doc=6966,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.40520695 = fieldWeight in 6966, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=6966)
    0.009636039 = product of:
      0.028908115 = sum of:
        0.028908115 = weight(_text_:22 in 6966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.028908115 = score(doc=6966,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10673865 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030480823 = queryNorm
            0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 6966, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=6966)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Describes the technique used to study hypertext systems from a very general point of view, focus on monitoring searchers' behaviour, predict the estimation of the ultimate goals of the searchers, and estimate the searchers' determination to find these goals. The components are combined via a Markov chain approach so as to study information retrieval in general and hypertext (hypermedia) in particular. Demonstrates how these estimations can be used to assist searchers during their searching process and presents the derivation of a relevance function for documents, based on these estimations

Source

Information retrieval: new systems and current research. Proceedings of the 16th Research Colloquium of the British Computer Society Information Retrieval Specialist Group, Drymen, Scotland, 22-23 Mar 94. Ed.: R. Leon

0.0124607105 = product of:
  0.058149982 = sum of:
    0.043928597 = weight(_text_:web in 6117) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.043928597 = score(doc=6117,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.4416067 = fieldWeight in 6117, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=6117)
    0.007338503 = weight(_text_:information in 6117) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.007338503 = score(doc=6117,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.13714671 = fieldWeight in 6117, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=6117)
    0.006882885 = product of:
      0.020648655 = sum of:
        0.020648655 = weight(_text_:22 in 6117) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.020648655 = score(doc=6117,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10673865 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030480823 = queryNorm
            0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 6117, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=6117)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Several previous studies have measured differences in the information search success of novices and experts. However, the definitions of novices and experts have varied greatly between the studies, and so have the measures used for search success. Instead of dividing the searchers into different groups based on their expertise, we chose to model search success with task completion speed, TCS. Towards this goal, 22 participants performed three fact-finding tasks and two broader tasks in an observational user study. In our model, there were two variables related to the Web experience of the participants. Other variables included, for example, the speed of query iteration, the length of the queries, the proportion of precise queries, and the speed of evaluating result documents. Our results showed that the variables related to Web experience had expected effects on TCS. The increase in the years of Web use was related to improvement in TCS in the broader tasks, whereas the less frequent Web use was related to a decrease in TCS in the fact-finding tasks. Other variables having significant effects on TCS in either of the task types were the speed of composing queries, the average number of query terms per query, the proportion of precise queries, and the participants' own evaluation of their search skills. In addition to the statistical models, we present several qualitative findings of the participants' search strategies. These results give valuable insight into the successful strategies in Web search beyond the previous knowledge of the expert-novice differences.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.12, S.1678-1693

0.01232779 = product of:
  0.057529688 = sum of:
    0.02536219 = weight(_text_:web in 1051) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.02536219 = score(doc=1051,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.09947448 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.25496176 = fieldWeight in 1051, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.2635105 = idf(docFreq=4597, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1051)
    0.01037821 = weight(_text_:information in 1051) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01037821 = score(doc=1051,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.19395474 = fieldWeight in 1051, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1051)
    0.021789288 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 1051) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.021789288 = score(doc=1051,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.23632148 = fieldWeight in 1051, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1051)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the structure and components of queries written by experimental participants in a study that manipulated two factors found to affect end-user information retrieval performance: training in Boolean logic and the type of search interface. As reported previously, we found that both Boolean training and the use of an assisted interface improved the participants' ability to find correct responses to information requests. Here, we examine the impact of these training and interface manipulations on the Boolean operators and search terms that comprise the submitted queries. Our analysis shows that both Boolean training and the use of an assisted interface improved the participants' ability to correctly utilize various operators. An unexpected finding is that this training also had a positive impact on term selection. The terms and, to a lesser extent, the operators comprising a query were important factors affecting the participants' performance in query tasks. Our findings demonstrate that even small training interventions can improve the users' search performance and highlight the need for additional information retrieval research into how search interfaces can provide superior support to today's untrained users of the Web.

Source

Information processing and management. 41(2005) no.4, S.801-817

0.012082609 = product of:
  0.05638551 = sum of:
    0.01624447 = weight(_text_:information in 1795) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01624447 = score(doc=1795,freq=10.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.3035872 = fieldWeight in 1795, product of:
          3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
            10.0 = termFreq=10.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1795)
    0.030505003 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 1795) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030505003 = score(doc=1795,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.092201896 = queryWeight, product of:
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.33085006 = fieldWeight in 1795, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1795)
    0.009636039 = product of:
      0.028908115 = sum of:
        0.028908115 = weight(_text_:22 in 1795) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.028908115 = score(doc=1795,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10673865 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030480823 = queryNorm
            0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 1795, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1795)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Presents a recently composite view of several user studies in information retrieval. Contains personal conclusions and speculations based on these studies, rather than formal statistical results, which so often are not comparable from 1 experiment to another. Suggests a taxonomy of user characteristics for such studies, in order to make results comparable. Discusses methods and effects of user training, then manner of expression of a query or information need, conduct of a search, use of the system command language or its equivalent, analysis by the user of retrieved information, and user satisfaction with outcome. Concludes with suggestions for system design and experimental methodology

Source

Canadian journal of information and library science. 19(1994) no.4, S.1-22

0.011862729 = product of:
  0.0553594 = sum of:
    0.037399244 = weight(_text_:wide in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.037399244 = score(doc=296,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.13505316 = queryWeight, product of:
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.2769224 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          4.4307585 = idf(docFreq=1430, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
    0.012453851 = weight(_text_:information in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.012453851 = score(doc=296,freq=18.0), product of:
        0.053508412 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.030480823 = queryNorm
        0.23274568 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
          4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
            18.0 = termFreq=18.0
          1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
    0.005506308 = product of:
      0.016518923 = sum of:
        0.016518923 = weight(_text_:22 in 296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.016518923 = score(doc=296,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10673865 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030480823 = queryNorm
            0.15476047 = fieldWeight in 296, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=296)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.21428572 = coord(3/14)

Abstract

Previous empirical studies of searcher behaviour have drawn attention to a wide variety of factors that affect performance; for instance, the display of retrieved results can alter search strategies (Allen 1991, 1994), the information need type influences search behaviour, (Elkerton et al 1984, Marchionini 1995); while the task complexity, reflected in the information need can affect user's search behaviour (Large et al 1994). Furthermore, information source selection (Bassilli 1977), and the user's model of the system and domain impact on the search process (Michel 1994); while motivation (Solomon 1993, Jacobsen et al 1992) and the importance of the information need (Wendt 1969) also influence search duration and the effort a user will employ. Rouse and Rouse (1984) in a review of empirical studies, summarise a wide variety of variables that can effect searching behaviour, including payoff, costs of searching, resource available, amount of information sought, characteristics of the data and conflicts between documents. It appears that user behaviour is inconsistent in the search strategies adopted even for the same search need and system (Davidson 1977, Iivonen 1995). Theories of searcher behaviour have been proposed that provide explanations of aspects of end-user behaviour, such as the evolution of the user's information need and the problems of articulating a query, [Bates (1979, 1989), Markey and Atherton 1978], effective search strategies in browsing and goal directed searches [Marchionini 1995, Belkin (1987, 1993)], the linguistic problem of matching search terms with indexing terms or content of target documents through an expert intermediary (Ingwersen 1982) or cognitive aspects of IR (Kulthau 1984, Ingwersen 1996).

Date

22. 3.2002 9:54:13

Source

Exploring the contexts of information behaviour: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Research in Information Needs, Seeking and Use in Different Contexts, Sheffield, UK, 1998. Ed. by D.K. Wilson u. D.K. Allen