-
Huvila, I.: Situational appropriation of information (2015)
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- Abstract
- Purpose In contrast to the interest of describing and managing the social processes of knowing, information science and information and knowledge management research have put less emphasis on discussing how particular information becomes usable and how it is used in different contexts and situations. The purpose of this paper is to address this major gap, and introduce and discuss the applicability of the notion of situational appropriation of information for shedding light on this particular process in the context of daily information work practices of professionals. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on the analysis of 25 qualitative interviews of archives, library and museum professionals conducted in two Nordic countries. Findings The study presents examples of how individuals appropriate different tangible and intangible assets as information on the basis of the situation in hand. Research limitations/implications The study proposes a new conceptual tool for articulating and conducting research on the process how information becomes useful in the situation in hand. Practical implications The situational appropriation of information perspective redefines the role of information management to incorporate a comprehensive awareness of the situations when information is useful and is being used. A better understanding how information becomes useful in diverse situations helps to discern the active role of contextual and situational effects and to exploit and take them into account as a part of the management of information and knowledge processes. Originality/value In contrast to orthodoxies of information science and information and knowledge management research, the notion of situational appropriation of information represents an alternative approach to the conceptualisation of information utilisation. It helps to frame particular types of instances of information use that are not necessarily addressed within the objectivistic, information seeker or learning oriented paradigms of information and knowledge management.
- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
- Source
- Aslib journal of information management. 67(2015) no.5, S.492-504
-
Frické, M.: ¬The knowledge pyramid : a critique of the DIKW hierarchy (2019)
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- Abstract
- The paper evaluates the data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy. This hierarchy, also known as the `knowledge hierarchy', is part of the canon of information science and management. Arguments are offered that the hierarchy is unsound and methodologically undesirable. The paper identifies a central logical error that DIKW makes. The paper also identifies the dated and unsatisfactory philosophical positions of operationalism and inductivism as the philosophical backdrop to the hierarchy. The paper concludes with a sketch of some positive theories, of value to information science, on the nature of the components of the hierarchy: that data is anything recordable in a semantically and pragmatically sound way, that information is what is known in other literature as `weak knowledge', that knowledge also is `weak knowledge' and that wisdom is the possession and use, if required, of wide practical knowledge, by an agent who appreciates the fallible nature of that knowledge.
- Source
- Journal of information science. 35(2009) no.2, S.131-142
-
Frické, M.: ¬The knowledge pyramid : the DIKW hierarchy (2019)
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- Abstract
- The data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy or pyramid is a model or construct that has been used widely within information science and knowledge management. The nature of the pyramid is explained, and its historical origin is described. The conceptual components of the pyramid-i.e. data, information, knowledge, and wisdom-are given brief explication. Some modern developments, criticisms, and rebuttals of the DIKW Pyramid are described. Nowadays, the DIKW Pyramid would generally be considered to be unsatisfactory. The arguments and reasoning behind this conclusion are sketched. It is claimed that two more concepts, document and sign, are necessary to provide a fruitful theoretical frame for knowledge organization.
-
Badia, A.: Data, information, knowledge : an information science analysis (2014)
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- Date
- 16. 6.2014 19:22:57
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.6, S.1279-1287
-
Malsburg, C. von der: Concerning the neuronal code (2018)
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- Date
- 27.12.2020 16:56:22
- Source
- Journal of cognitive science. 19(2018) no.4, S.511-550
-
Zhang, P.; Soergel, D.: Towards a comprehensive model of the cognitive process and mechanisms of individual sensemaking (2014)
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- Date
- 22. 8.2014 16:55:39
- Series
- Advances in information science
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.9, S.1733-1756
-
Albright, K.: Multidisciplinarity in information behavior : expanding boundaries or fragmentation of the field? (2010)
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- Abstract
- How does information lead to changes in human behavior? Why have current information theories been inadequate to shed light on this and related questions? Library and Information Science (LIS) has arrived at a crucial juncture in its relatively brief theoretical history. In addition to the cognitive and physical perspectives in our study of information, a new paradigm has been suggested; the affective paradigm. This new perspective offers keys to unlocking questions about the nature of the interaction of human and information. In recent years we have developed deeper knowledge and deeper specializations, drawing together and combining knowledge from multiple fields in order to advance our own knowledge. The relationship between information needs and information seeking has been well studied. The ways in which people use information is not as well understood because of the complex nature of human behavior. Drawing from other fields that study human behavior, however, muddies the traditional boundaries of LIS, creating some possible discomfort as we trespass into lesser known intellectual territory. Pushing our boundaries also forces questions of our self-identity as a discipline. What constitutes Library and Information Science, either in whole or in part, becomes more difficult to define and can lead to greater fragmentation. Alternatively, the incorporation of multiple perspectives may be the defining core of what constitutes LIS. The focus of this talk is to look at LIS from the outside in, from a multidisciplinary perspective, in order to shed light on questions of how information can lead to changes in human behavior. Drawing from other fields of study, the impact of information on human behavior will be explored in light of what other fields may have to offer.
- Date
- 16. 3.2019 17:32:22
-
Leydesdorff, L.; Johnson, M.W.; Ivanova, I.: Toward a calculus of redundancy : signification, codification, and anticipation in cultural evolution (2018)
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- Date
- 29. 9.2018 11:22:09
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.10, S.1181-1192
-
Hale, K.: How information matters : networks and public policy innovation (2011)
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- Abstract
- How Information Matters examines the ways a network of state and local governments and nonprofit organizations can enhance the capacity for successful policy change by public administrators. Hale examines drug courts, programs that typify the highly networked, collaborative environment of public administrators today. These "special dockets" implement justice but also drug treatment, case management, drug testing, and incentive programs for non-violent offenders in lieu of jail time. In a study that spans more than two decades, Hale shows ways organizations within the network act to champion, challenge, and support policy innovations over time. Her description of interactions between courts, administrative agencies, and national organizations highlight the evolution of collaborative governance in the state and local arena, with vignettes that share specific experiences across six states (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Missouri, and Tennessee) and ways that they acquired knowledge from the network to make decisions. How Information Matters offers valuable insight into successful ways for collaboration and capacity building. It will be of special interest to public administrators or policymakers who wish to identify ways to improve their own programs' performance.
- BK
- 88.20 (Organisation staatlicher Einrichtungen / Management staatlicher Einrichtungen)
- Classification
- 88.20 (Organisation staatlicher Einrichtungen / Management staatlicher Einrichtungen)
- Series
- Public management and change series
-
Blair, A: Too much to know : managing scholarly information before the modern age (2011)
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- Abstract
- The flood of information brought to us by advancing technology is often accompanied by a distressing sense of "information overload," yet this experience is not unique to modern times. In fact, says Ann M. Blair in this intriguing book, the invention of the printing press and the ensuing abundance of books provoked sixteenth- and seventeenth-century European scholars to register complaints very similar to our own. Blair examines methods of information management in ancient and medieval Europe as well as the Islamic world and China, then focuses particular attention on the organization, composition, and reception of Latin reference books in print in early modern Europe. She explores in detail the sophisticated and sometimes idiosyncratic techniques that scholars and readers developed in an era of new technology and exploding information.
- Content
- Information management in comparative perspective -- Note-taking as information management -- Reference genres and their finding devices -- Compilers, their motivations and methods -- The impact of early printed reference books.
-
Gnoli, C.; Ridi, C.R.: Unified Theory of Information, hypertextuality and levels of reality : without, within, and withal knowledge management (2014)
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-
Rodrigo, A.; Peñas, A.; Miyao, Y.; Kando, N.: Do systems pass university entrance exams? (2018)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 54(2018) no.4, S.564-575
-
Weitzendorf, T.; Wigand, R.: Cultural influences on information quality (2015)
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- Source
- Re:inventing information science in the networked society: Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Information Science, Zadar/Croatia, 19th-21st May 2015. Eds.: F. Pehar, C. Schloegl u. C. Wolff
-
Swigon, M.: Information limits : definition, typology and types (2011)
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- Date
- 12. 7.2011 18:22:52
-
Gorichanaz, T.: Information and experience : a dialogue (2017)
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- Abstract
- Purpose Scholars in information science have recently become interested in "information experience," but it remains largely unclear why this research is important and how it fits within the broader disciplinary structure of information science. The purpose of this paper is to clarify this issue. Design/methodology/approach The discussion unfolds in the form of a philosophical dialogue between the Epistemologist, who represents the traditional and majority epistemological viewpoint of information science, and the Aestheticist, representing the emerging paradigm of experiential information inquiry. Findings A framework emerges that recognizes dual conceptualizations of truth (veritas and aletheia) and consequently information and knowledge (gnostic and pathic). The epistemic aim of understanding is revealed as the common ground between epistemology and aesthetics. Originality/value The value of studying human experiences of information is grounded in work spanning philosophy, psychology and a number of social science methodologies, and it is contextualized within information science generally. Moreover, the dialogic format of this paper presents an opportunity for disciplinary self-reflection and offers a touch of heart to the field.
-
Orso, V.; Ruotsalo, T.; Leino, J.; Gamberini, L.; Jacucci, G.: Overlaying social information : the effects on users' search and information-selection behavior (2017)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 53(2017) no.6, S.1269-1286
-
Ma, L.: Meanings of information : the assumptions and research consequences of three foundational LIS theories (2012)
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- Abstract
- This article addresses the question "what is information?" by comparing the meaning of the term "information" and epistemological assumptions of three theories in library and information science: the "Shannon-Weaver model," Brookes' interpretation of Popper's World 3, and the Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom model. It shows that the term "information" in these theories refers to empirical entities or events and is conceptualized as having causal powers upon human minds. It is argued that the epistemological assumptions have led to the negligence of the cultural and social aspects of the constitution of information (i.e., how something is considered to be and not to be information) and the unquestioned nature of science in research methodologies.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 63(2012) no.4, S.716-723
-
Thellefsen, T.; Thellefsen, M.; Soerensen, B.: Emotion, information, and cognition, and some possible consequences for library and information science (2013)
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- Abstract
- We present our semeiotic-inspired concept of information as 1 of 3 important elements in meaning creation, the 2 other concepts being emotion and cognition. We have the inner world (emotion); we have the outer world (information); and cognition mediates between the two. We analyze the 3 elements in relation to communication and discuss the semeiotics-inspired communication model, the Dynacom; then, we discuss our semeiotic perspective on the meaning-creation process and communication with regard to a few, but central, elements in library and information science, namely, the systems-oriented perspective, the user-oriented perspective, and a domain-oriented perspective.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.8, S.1735-1750
-
Bawden, D.; Robinson, L.: "Waiting for Carnot" : Information and complexity (2015)
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- Abstract
- The relationship between information and complexity is analyzed using a detailed literature analysis. Complexity is a multifaceted concept, with no single agreed definition. There are numerous approaches to defining and measuring complexity and organization, all involving the idea of information. Conceptions of complexity, order, organization, and "interesting order" are inextricably intertwined with those of information. Shannon's formalism captures information's unpredictable creative contributions to organized complexity; a full understanding of information's relation to structure and order is still lacking. Conceptual investigations of this topic should enrich the theoretical basis of the information science discipline, and create fruitful links with other disciplines that study the concepts of information and complexity.
- Series
- Advances in information science
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.11, S.2177-2186
-
Furner, J: Information and the disciplines : a conceptual meta-analysis (2014)
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- Series
- Studies in history and philosophy of science ; 34
