-
Metz, A.: Community service : a bibliography (1996)
0.10
0.09983896 = product of:
0.19967791 = sum of:
0.19967791 = sum of:
0.10100478 = weight(_text_:b in 5341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10100478 = score(doc=5341,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.6263131 = fieldWeight in 5341, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=5341)
0.09867314 = weight(_text_:22 in 5341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09867314 = score(doc=5341,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.61904186 = fieldWeight in 5341, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=5341)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 17.10.1996 14:22:33
- Type
- b
-
Quint, B.: Round the clock, round the world : delivering quality affordable data 24 hours a day will take us into the future (1998)
0.04
0.037439607 = product of:
0.074879214 = sum of:
0.074879214 = sum of:
0.037876792 = weight(_text_:b in 3046) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.037876792 = score(doc=3046,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.23486741 = fieldWeight in 3046, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3046)
0.037002426 = weight(_text_:22 in 3046) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.037002426 = score(doc=3046,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 3046, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3046)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 18:08:25
-
Lercher, A.: Efficiency of scientific communication : a survey of world science (2010)
0.03
0.031199675 = product of:
0.06239935 = sum of:
0.06239935 = sum of:
0.031563994 = weight(_text_:b in 3997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.031563994 = score(doc=3997,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.19572285 = fieldWeight in 3997, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3997)
0.030835358 = weight(_text_:22 in 3997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030835358 = score(doc=3997,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 3997, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3997)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The aim of this study was to measure the efficiency of the system by which scientists worldwide communicate results to each other, providing one measure of the degree to which the system, including all media, functions well. A randomly selected and representative sample of 246 active research scientists worldwide was surveyed. The main measure was the reported rate of "late finds": scientific literature that would have been useful to scientists' projects if it had been found at the beginning of these projects. The main result was that 46% of the sample reported late finds (±6.25%, p0.05). Among respondents from European Union countries or other countries classified as "high income" by the World Bank, 42% reported late finds. Among respondents from low- and middle-income countries, 56% reported late finds. The 42% rate in high-income countries in 2009 can be compared with results of earlier surveys by Martyn (1964a, b, 1987). These earlier surveys found a rate of 22% late finds in 1963-1964 and a rate of 27% in 1985-1986. Respondents were also queried about search habits, but this study failed to support any explanations for this increase in the rate of late finds. This study also permits a crude estimate of the cost in time and money of the increase in late finds.
-
Adams, M.S.; Judd, B.: Evaluating reference librarians : using goal analysis as a first step (1984)
0.03
0.025251195 = product of:
0.05050239 = sum of:
0.05050239 = product of:
0.10100478 = sum of:
0.10100478 = weight(_text_:b in 4607) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10100478 = score(doc=4607,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.6263131 = fieldWeight in 4607, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=4607)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Norman, O.G.: ¬The reference interview : an annotated bibliography (1979)
0.03
0.025251195 = product of:
0.05050239 = sum of:
0.05050239 = product of:
0.10100478 = sum of:
0.10100478 = weight(_text_:b in 5164) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10100478 = score(doc=5164,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.6263131 = fieldWeight in 5164, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=5164)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Type
- b
-
Miller, W.; Gratch, B.: Making connections : computerized reference services and people (1989)
0.03
0.025251195 = product of:
0.05050239 = sum of:
0.05050239 = product of:
0.10100478 = sum of:
0.10100478 = weight(_text_:b in 5844) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10100478 = score(doc=5844,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.6263131 = fieldWeight in 5844, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=5844)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Bonta, B.; Kallin, S.: CD-ROM implementation : a reference staff takes charge (1989)
0.03
0.025251195 = product of:
0.05050239 = sum of:
0.05050239 = product of:
0.10100478 = sum of:
0.10100478 = weight(_text_:b in 8307) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10100478 = score(doc=8307,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.6263131 = fieldWeight in 8307, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=8307)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Geffert, B.: Community networks in libraries : a case study of the Free-Net P.A.T.H. (1993)
0.03
0.025251195 = product of:
0.05050239 = sum of:
0.05050239 = product of:
0.10100478 = sum of:
0.10100478 = weight(_text_:b in 583) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10100478 = score(doc=583,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.6263131 = fieldWeight in 583, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=583)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Ghilardi, F.J.M.: ¬The information center of the future : the professional's role (1994)
0.02
0.024668286 = product of:
0.04933657 = sum of:
0.04933657 = product of:
0.09867314 = sum of:
0.09867314 = weight(_text_:22 in 2504) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09867314 = score(doc=2504,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.61904186 = fieldWeight in 2504, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=2504)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 27.12.2015 18:22:38
-
Slavens, T.; Horn, B.: Computer assisted instruction in education of reference librarians (1975)
0.02
0.022094795 = product of:
0.04418959 = sum of:
0.04418959 = product of:
0.08837918 = sum of:
0.08837918 = weight(_text_:b in 842) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08837918 = score(doc=842,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.54802394 = fieldWeight in 842, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=842)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Dervin, B.; Nilan, M.: Information needs and uses (1986)
0.02
0.022094795 = product of:
0.04418959 = sum of:
0.04418959 = product of:
0.08837918 = sum of:
0.08837918 = weight(_text_:b in 4672) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08837918 = score(doc=4672,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.54802394 = fieldWeight in 4672, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4672)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Swanson, D.R.; Smalheiser, N.R.; Torvik, V.I.: Ranking indirect connections in literature-based discovery : the role of Medical Subject Headings (2006)
0.02
0.020877622 = product of:
0.041755244 = sum of:
0.041755244 = product of:
0.08351049 = sum of:
0.08351049 = weight(_text_:b in 6003) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08351049 = score(doc=6003,freq=14.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.517834 = fieldWeight in 6003, product of:
3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
14.0 = termFreq=14.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=6003)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Arrowsmith, a computer-assisted process for literature-based discovery, takes as input two disjoint sets of records (A, C) from the Medline database. lt produces a list of title words and phrases, B, that are common to A and C, and displays the title context in which each B-term occurs within A and within C. Subject experts then can try to find A-B and B-C title-pairs that together may suggest novel and plausible indirect A-C relationships (via B-terms) that are of particular interest in the absence of any known direct A-C relationship. The list of B-terms typically is so large that it is difficult to find the relatively few that contribute to scientifically interesting connections. The purpose of the present article is to propose and test several techniques for improving the quality of the B-Iist. These techniques exploit the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) that are assigned to each input record. A MesH-based concept of literature cohesiveness is defined and plays a key rote. The proposed techniques are tested an a published example of indirect connections between migraine and magnesium deficiency. The tests demonstrate how the earlier results can be replicated with a more efficient and more systematic computer-aided process.
-
Davis, B.: Change and challenges : the impact of network technology on library services (1996)
0.02
0.018938396 = product of:
0.037876792 = sum of:
0.037876792 = product of:
0.075753585 = sum of:
0.075753585 = weight(_text_:b in 6705) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.075753585 = score(doc=6705,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.46973482 = fieldWeight in 6705, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6705)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Quint, B.: ¬The return of the reference interview : Web search interfaces would benefit by implementing more user-oriented procedures (2002)
0.02
0.018938396 = product of:
0.037876792 = sum of:
0.037876792 = product of:
0.075753585 = sum of:
0.075753585 = weight(_text_:b in 5497) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.075753585 = score(doc=5497,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.46973482 = fieldWeight in 5497, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5497)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Layne, S.S.: Artists, art historians, and visual art information (1994)
0.02
0.018501213 = product of:
0.037002426 = sum of:
0.037002426 = product of:
0.07400485 = sum of:
0.07400485 = weight(_text_:22 in 1027) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.07400485 = score(doc=1027,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.46428138 = fieldWeight in 1027, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1027)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Reference librarian. 1994, no.47, S.22-36
-
Yoo, E.-Y.; Robbins, L.S.: Understanding middle-aged women's health information seeking on the web : a theoretical approach (2008)
0.02
0.018501213 = product of:
0.037002426 = sum of:
0.037002426 = product of:
0.07400485 = sum of:
0.07400485 = weight(_text_:22 in 2973) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.07400485 = score(doc=2973,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.46428138 = fieldWeight in 2973, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2973)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 9. 2.2008 17:52:22
-
Shieh, J.: Selective bibliography and network resources for the Institute on 'Networking in Law Libraries' (1994)
0.02
0.015781997 = product of:
0.031563994 = sum of:
0.031563994 = product of:
0.06312799 = sum of:
0.06312799 = weight(_text_:b in 8284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06312799 = score(doc=8284,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16126883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.3914457 = fieldWeight in 8284, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.542962 = idf(docFreq=3476, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=8284)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Type
- b
-
Malan, C.: Personal strategies in reference work (1992)
0.02
0.015417679 = product of:
0.030835358 = sum of:
0.030835358 = product of:
0.061670717 = sum of:
0.061670717 = weight(_text_:22 in 5689) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.061670717 = score(doc=5689,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 5689, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5689)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Cape librarian. 36(1992) no.10, S.22-23
-
Bostian, R.; Robbins, A.: Effective instruction for searching CD-ROM indexes (1990)
0.02
0.015417679 = product of:
0.030835358 = sum of:
0.030835358 = product of:
0.061670717 = sum of:
0.061670717 = weight(_text_:22 in 7552) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.061670717 = score(doc=7552,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 7552, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=7552)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 21. 3.2008 13:22:03
-
Rader, H.B.: Library orientation and instruction - 1993 (1994)
0.02
0.015417679 = product of:
0.030835358 = sum of:
0.030835358 = product of:
0.061670717 = sum of:
0.061670717 = weight(_text_:22 in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.061670717 = score(doc=209,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15939656 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045518078 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Reference services review. 22(1994) no.4, S.81-
