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Abstract

Der Workshop gibt einen Einblick in die aktuelle Forschung und Entwicklung zur Wissensorganisation in digitalen Bibliotheken. Diane Vizine-Goetz vom OCLC Office of Research in Dublin, Ohio, stellt die Forschungsprojekte von OCLC zur Anpassung und Weiterentwicklung der Dewey Decimal Classification als Wissensorganisationsinstrument fuer grosse digitale Dokumentensammlungen vor. Traugott Koch, NetLab, Universität Lund in Schweden, demonstriert die Ansätze und Lösungen des EU-Projekts DESIRE zum Einsatz von intellektueller und vor allem automatischer Klassifikation in Fachinformationsdiensten im Internet.

Content

1. Increased Importance of Knowledge Organization in Internet Services - 2. Quality Subject Service and the role of classification - 3. Developing the DDC into a knowledge organization instrument for the digital library. OCLC site - 4. DESIRE's Barefoot Solutions of Automatic Classification - 5. Advanced Classification Solutions in DESIRE and CORC - 6. Future directions of research and development - 7. General references

Footnote

Vortrag anläßlich des Workshops am 21.10.1999, Deutsche Bibliothek, Frankfurt/M.

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Abstract

This article will showcase the aims and research goals of the project entitled "Transforming Libraries and Archives through Crowdsourcing", recipient of a 2016 Institute for Museum and Library Services grant. This grant will be used to fund the creation of four bespoke text and audio transcription projects which will be hosted on the Zooniverse, the world-leading research crowdsourcing platform. These transcription projects, while supporting the research of four separate institutions, will also function as a means to expand and enhance the Zooniverse platform to better support galleries, libraries, archives and museums (GLAM institutions) in unlocking their data and engaging the public through crowdsourcing.

Area

Öffentliche Bibliotheken

Source

D-Lib magazine. 23(2017) nos.5/6, xx S

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Abstract

The Digital Public Library of America brings together the riches of America's libraries, archives, and museums, and makes them freely available to the world. In order to do this, DPLA has had to build elements of the national digital platform to connect to those institutions and to serve their digitized materials to audiences. In this article, we detail the construction of two critical elements of our work: the decentralized national network of "hubs," which operate in states across the country; and a version of the Hydra repository software that is tailored to the needs of our community. This technology and the organizations that make use of it serve as the foundation of the future of DPLA and other projects that seek to take advantage of the national digital platform.

Area

Öffentliche Bibliotheken

Source

D-Lib magazine. 23(2017) nos.5/6, xx S

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Abstract

Aufgrund der so großen Bedeutung von Privatheit im Internet hat acatech, die Deutsche Akademie der Technikwissenschaften, 2011 ein Projekt initiiert, das sich mit dem Privatheitsparadoxon wissenschaftlich auseinandersetzt. In dem Projekt werden Empfehlungen entwickelt, wie sich eine Kultur der Privatheit und des Vertrauens im Internet etablieren lässt, die es ermöglicht, das Paradoxon aufzulösen. Wir verwenden hier den Begriff der Privatheit. Er deutet an, dass hier nicht nur der räumliche Begriff Privatsphäre gemeint ist, sondern auch das im europäischen Kontext wichtige Konzept der informationellen Selbstbestimmung einbezogen ist. Dieser Band legt die Ergebnisse der ersten Projektphase vor: eine Bestandsaufnahme von Privatheit im Internet aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln. Kapitel 1 stellt die Wünsche und Befürchtungen von Internetnutzern und Gesellschaft im Hinblick auf ihre Privatheit vor. Sie wurden mithilfe sozialwissenschaftlicher Methoden untersucht. Ergänzend dazu untersucht das zweite Kapitel Privatheit im Cyberspace aus ethischer Perspektive. Das dritte Kapitel widmet sich ökonomischen Aspekten: Da viele Onlinedienstleistungen mit Nutzerdaten bezahlt werden, ergibt sich die Frage, was dies sowohl für den Nutzer und Kunden als auch für die Unternehmen bedeutet. Kapitel 4 hat einen technologischen Fokus und analysiert, wie Privatheit von Internettechnologien bedroht wird und welche technischen Möglichkeiten es gibt, um die Privatheit des Nutzers zu schützen. Selbstverständlich ist der Schutz von Privatheit im Internet nicht nur ein technisches Problem. Deshalb untersucht Kapitel 5 Privatheit aus rechtlicher Sicht. Bei der Lektüre der fünf Kapitel wird dem Leser sofort die Komplexität der Frage von Privatheit im Internet (Internet Privacy) bewusst. Daraus folgt die unbedingte Notwendigkeit eines interdisziplinären Ansatzes. In diesem Sinne wird die interdisziplinäre Projektgruppe gemeinsam Optionen und Empfehlungen für einen Umgang mit Privatheit im Internet entwickeln, die eine Kultur der Privatheit und des Vertrauens im Internet fördern. Diese Optionen und Empfehlungen werden 2013 als zweiter Band dieser Studie veröffentlicht.

Content

Vgl. unter: http://www.acatech.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Baumstruktur_nach_Website/Acatech/root/de/Publikationen/Projektberichte/acatech_STUDIE_Internet_Privacy_WEB.pdf. Enthält Auszüge aus: Capurro, R., M, Eldred u. D. Nagel: Digital Whoness: Identity, Privacy and Freedom in the Cyberworld. Frankfurt 2013. Vgl. http://www.capurro.de/floridi.html.

Pages

328 S

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Content

Deutsche Fassung unter: http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/054g-Stoklasova Balikova celbova.pdf

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Footnote

Rez. in: ZfBB 51(2004) H.2, S.116-118 (H. Jüngling): "Das überspitzt gezeichnete Bild vom Ingenieur,der nur mit Rechenschieber und Zeichenbrett ausgestattet und ohne weitere Hilfsmittel im stillen Kämmerlein erfolgreich neue, nützliche Maschinen konstruiert, stimmt schon lange nicht mehr. Zwar haben Ingenieure die Unterstützung durch moderne Rechner in der täglichen Praxis nicht nur gerne und zügig schätzen gelernt, sie waren sogar häufig Vorreiter bei deren (Weiter-)Entwicklung und Nutzung. Zur Beschaffung von Informationen jedweder Art wurden Rechner dagegen zunächst überaus zögerlich angenommen und gewannen - wie allerdings in vielen anderen Wissenschaftsbereichen auch -für diese Verwendung im Grunde erst durch die Möglichkeiten des Internets an Akzeptanz und Bedeutung. Erste Initiativen, dem möglicherweise spezifischen Informationsbedarf von Ingenieuren entgegenzukommen und der Engineering Community »runde« Angebote zu machen, gehen auf die Mitte der 90er-Jahre zurück. So sind 1994/95 u.a. die Engineering Electronic Library, Sweden (EELS, 1994),2 das Engineering Village von Engineering Information Inc., NewYork (1995)3 und die Edinburgh Engineering Virtual Library (EEVL, 1995)4 entstanden. Zum Vergleich sei angemerkt, dass konkrete Planungen für die Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Technik (ViFaTec)s der TIB/DFG erst 1997/98 einsetzten. Nach anfänglicher Euphorie hat sich bekanntermaßen relativ schnell gezeigt, dass derartige Angebote trotz teilweise überregionaler Zusammenarbeit nicht ohne erheblichen finanziellen Aufwand zu kreieren und vor allem aufrecht zu erhalten und zu pflegen sind.So hat z.B.die zweite Generation des Engineering Village von früheren, relativ hoch gesteckten Zielen Abstand genommen. Die EELS hat ihr Angebot bereits vor etwa einem Jahr »eingefroren«. Dagegen scheint die EEVL noch immer recht lebendig zu sein. U. a. deshalb soll hier näher darauf eingegangen werden. ..."

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Abstract

Die 10 Hauptkapitel enthalten verständlich geschriebene, aktuelle Übersichten mit vielen Visualisierungen zu aktuellen Fragen der Telekommunikation (zum Beispiel zu neueren Trends, zu kommerziellen Perspektiven des Internets und zu Erfahrungen regionaler Projekte). Das Produkt liefert eine in dieser Form auf dem MArkt nicht verfügbare Übersicht für alle am Thema Interessierten. Er ist besonders nützlich für Praktiker in Unternehmen (Weiterbildung) sowie für Schüler, Lehrer, Studenten und Professoren. Die Dokumente liegen im HTML-Format vor und können auch in den Formaten Winword ab 6.0 und Powerpoint ab 7.0 geladen und weiterverarbeitet werden. Die 10 Kapitel behandeln die Themen: Visionen für die Zukunft, Zukünftige Märkte und Strukturveränderungen, TK-Anbieter und ihre Dienste, Einführungin die Internet-Praxis, Online-Dienste und Internet-Provider, Kommerzielle Perspektiven des Internet, Regionale elektronische Gemeinschaften, Telearbeit als neue Arbeitsform, Politische und rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen, Telekommunikation in der Kritik

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Content

Deutsche Fassung unter: http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/053g trans-Howarth.pdf

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Abstract

ANDREW, K. u. F. KAPPE: Serving information to the Web with Hyper-G; BARBIERI, K., H.M. DOERR u. D. DWYER: Creating a virtual classroom for interactive education on the Web; CAMPBELL, J.K., S.B. JONES, N.M. STEPHENS u. S. HURLEY: Constructing educational courseware using NCSA Mosaic and the World Wide Web; CATLEDGE, L.L. u. J.E. PITKOW: Characterizing browsing strategies in the World-Wide Web; CLAUSNITZER, A. u. P. VOGEL: A WWW interface to the OMNIS/Myriad literature retrieval engine; FISCHER, R. u. L. PERROCHON: IDLE: Unified W3-access to interactive information servers; FOLEY, J.D.: Visualizing the World-Wide Web with the navigational view builder; FRANKLIN, S.D. u. B. IBRAHIM: Advanced educational uses of the World-Wide Web; FUHR, N., U. PFEIFER u. T. HUYNH: Searching structured documents with the enhanced retrieval functionality of free WAIS-sf and SFgate; FIORITO, M., J. OKSANEN u. D.R. IOIVANE: An educational environment using WWW; KENT, R.E. u. C. NEUSS: Conceptual analysis of resource meta-information; SHELDON, M.A. u. R. WEISS: Discover: a resource discovery system based on content routing; WINOGRAD, T.: Beyond browsing: shared comments, SOAPs, Trails, and On-line communities

Type

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Abstract

Zu den großen Herausforderungen einer sinnvollen Suche im WWW gehören die riesige Menge des Verfügbaren und die Sparchbarrieren. Verfahren, die die Web-Ressourcen im Hinblick auf ein effizienteres Retrieval inhaltlich strukturieren, werden daher ebenso dringend benötigt wie Programme, die mit der Sprachvielfalt umgehen können. Im folgenden Vortrag werden wir einige Ansätze diskutieren, die zur Bewältigung der beiden Probleme derzeit unternommen werden

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Abstract

The speed of scientific communication - the rate of ideas affecting other researchers' ideas - is increasing dramatically. The factor driving this is free, unrestricted access to research papers. Measurements of user activity in mature eprint archives of research papers such as arXiv have shown, for the first time, the degree to which such services support an evolving network of texts commenting on, citing, classifying, abstracting, listing and revising other texts. The Open Citation project has built tools to measure this activity, to build new archives, and has been closely involved with the development of the infrastructure to support open access on which these new services depend. This is the story of the project, intertwined with the concurrent emergence of the Open Archives Initiative (OAI). The paper describes the broad scope of the project's work, showing how it has progressed from early demonstrators of reference linking to produce Citebase, a Web-based citation and impact-ranked search service, and how it has supported the development of the EPrints.org software for building OAI-compliant archives. The work has been underpinned by analysis and experiments on the semantics of documents (digital objects) to determine the features required for formally perfect linking - instantiated as an application programming interface (API) for reference linking - that will enable other applications to build on this work in broader digital library information environments.

Source

D-Lib magazine. 8(2002) no.10, x S

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Abstract

The W3C OWL Web Ontology Language has been a W3C recommendation since 2004, and specification of its successor OWL 2 is being finalised. OWL plays an important role in an increasing number and range of applications and as experience using the language grows, new ideas for further extending its reach continue to be proposed. The OWL: Experiences and Direction (OWLED) workshop series is a forum for practitioners in industry and academia, tool developers, and others interested in OWL to describe real and potential applications, to share experience, and to discuss requirements for language extensions and modifications. The workshop will bring users, implementors and researchers together to measure the state of need against the state of the art, and to set an agenda for research and deployment in order to incorporate OWL-based technologies into new applications. This year's 2009 OWLED workshop will be co-located with the Eighth International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC), and the Third International Conference on Web Reasoning and Rule Systems (RR2009). It will be held in Chantilly, VA, USA on October 23 - 24, 2009. The workshop will concentrate on issues related to the development and W3C standardization of OWL 2, and beyond, but other issues related to OWL are also of interest, particularly those related to the task forces set up at OWLED 2007. As usual, the workshop will try to encourage participants to work together and will give space for discussions on various topics, to be decided and published at some point in the future. We ask participants to have a look at these topics and the accepted submissions before the workshop, and to prepare single "slides" that can be presented during these discussions. There will also be formal presentation of submissions to the workshop.

Content

Long Papers * Suggestions for OWL 3, Pascal Hitzler. * BestMap: Context-Aware SKOS Vocabulary Mappings in OWL 2, Rinke Hoekstra. * Mechanisms for Importing Modules, Bijan Parsia, Ulrike Sattler and Thomas Schneider. * A Syntax for Rules in OWL 2, Birte Glimm, Matthew Horridge, Bijan Parsia and Peter Patel-Schneider. * PelletSpatial: A Hybrid RCC-8 and RDF/OWL Reasoning and Query Engine, Markus Stocker and Evren Sirin. * The OWL API: A Java API for Working with OWL 2 Ontologies, Matthew Horridge and Sean Bechhofer. * From Justifications to Proofs for Entailments in OWL, Matthew Horridge, Bijan Parsia and Ulrike Sattler. * A Solution for the Man-Man Problem in the Family History Knowledge Base, Dmitry Tsarkov, Ulrike Sattler and Robert Stevens. * Towards Integrity Constraints in OWL, Evren Sirin and Jiao Tao. * Processing OWL2 ontologies using Thea: An application of logic programming, Vangelis Vassiliadis, Jan Wielemaker and Chris Mungall. * Reasoning in Metamodeling Enabled Ontologies, Nophadol Jekjantuk, Gerd Gröner and Jeff Z. Pan.
Short Papers * A Database Backend for OWL, Jörg Henss, Joachim Kleb and Stephan Grimm. * Unifying SysML and OWL, Henson Graves. * The OWLlink Protocol, Thorsten Liebig, Marko Luther and Olaf Noppens. * A Reasoning Broker Framework for OWL, Juergen Bock, Tuvshintur Tserendorj, Yongchun Xu, Jens Wissmann and Stephan Grimm. * Change Representation For OWL 2 Ontologies, Raul Palma, Peter Haase, Oscar Corcho and Asunción Gómez-Pérez. * Practical Aspects of Query Rewriting for OWL 2, Héctor Pérez-Urbina, Ian Horrocks and Boris Motik. * CSage: Use of a Configurable Semantically Attributed Graph Editor as Framework for Editing and Visualization, Lawrence Levin. * A Conformance Test Suite for the OWL 2 RL/RDF Rules Language and the OWL 2 RDF-Based Semantics, Michael Schneider and Kai Mainzer. * Improving the Data Quality of Relational Databases using OBDA and OWL 2 QL, Olivier Cure. * Temporal Classes and OWL, Natalya Keberle. * Using Ontologies for Medical Image Retrieval - An Experiment, Jasmin Opitz, Bijan Parsia and Ulrike Sattler. * Task Representation and Retrieval in an Ontology-Guided Modelling System, Yuan Ren, Jens Lemcke, Andreas Friesen, Tirdad Rahmani, Srdjan Zivkovic, Boris Gregorcic, Andreas Bartho, Yuting Zhao and Jeff Z. Pan. * A platform for reasoning with OWL-EL knowledge bases in a Peer-to-Peer environment, Alexander De Leon and Michel Dumontier. * Axiomé: a Tool for the Elicitation and Management of SWRL Rules, Saeed Hassanpour, Martin O'Connor and Amar Das. * SQWRL: A Query Language for OWL, Martin O'Connor and Amar Das. * Classifying ELH Ontologies In SQL Databases, Vincent Delaitre and Yevgeny Kazakov. * A Semantic Web Approach to Represent and Retrieve Information in a Corporate Memory, Ana B. Rios-Alvarado, R. Carolina Medina-Ramirez and Ricardo Marcelin-Jimenez. * Towards a Graphical Notation for OWL 2, Elisa Kendall, Roy Bell, Roger Burkhart, Mark Dutra and Evan Wallace.
Demo/Position Papers * Conjunctive Query Answering in Distributed Ontology Systems for Ontologies with Large OWL ABoxes, Xueying Chen and Michel Dumontier. * Node-Link and Containment Methods in Ontology Visualization, Julia Dmitrieva and Fons J. Verbeek. * A JC3IEDM OWL-DL Ontology, Steven Wartik. * Semantically Enabled Temporal Reasoning in a Virtual Observatory, Patrick West, Eric Rozell, Stephan Zednik, Peter Fox and Deborah L. McGuinness. * Developing an Ontology from the Application Up, James Malone, Tomasz Adamusiak, Ele Holloway, Misha Kapushesky and Helen Parkinson.

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Abstract

This article explores the need for libraries to algorithmically access and manipulate the world's largest API: the Internet. The billions of pages on the 'Internet API' (HTTP, HTML, CSS, XPath, DOM, etc.) are easily accessible and manipulable. Libraries can assist in creating meaning through the datafication of information on the world wide web. Because most information is created for human consumption, some programming is required for automated extraction. Python is an easy-to-learn programming language with extensive packages and community support for web page automation. Four packages (Urllib, Selenium, BeautifulSoup, Scrapy) in Python can automate almost any web page for all sized projects. An example warrant data project is explained to illustrate how well Python packages can manipulate web pages to create meaning through assembling custom datasets.

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Pages

xx S

Source

Conference on Bibliographic Control for the New Millennium held in Washington, DC at the Library of Congress, November 2000

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Abstract

This working paper describes the creation of a test database to carry out the automatic classification tasks of the DESIRE II work package D3.6a on. It is an improved version of NetLab's existing "All" Engineering database created after a comparative study of the outcome of two different approaches to collecting the documents. These two methods were selected from seven different general methodologies to build robot-generated subject indices, presented in this paper. We found a surprisingly low overlap between the Engineering link collections we used as seed pages for the robot and subsequently an even more surprisingly low overlap between the resources collected by the two different approaches. That inspite of using basically the same services to start the harvesting process from. A intellectual evaluation of the contents of both databases showed almost exactly the same percentage of relevant documents (77%), indicating that the main difference between those aproaches was the coverage of the resulting database.

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Abstract

The BAER Web Resources Group was charged in October 1999 with defining and describing the parameters of electronic resources that do not clearly belong to the categories being defined by the BAER Digital Group or the BAER Electronic Journals Group. After some difficulty identifying precisely which resources fell under the Group's charge, we finally named the following types of resources for our consideration: web sites, electronic texts, indexes, databases and abstracts, online reference resources, and networked and non-networked CD-ROMs. Electronic resources are a vast and growing collection that touch nearly every department within the Library. It is unrealistic to think one department can effectively administer all aspects of the collection. The Group then began to focus on the concern of bibliographic access to these varied resources, and to define parameters for handling or processing them within the Library. Some key elements became evident as the work progressed. * Selection process of resources to be acquired for the collection * Duplication of effort * Use of CORC * Resource Finder design * Maintenance of Resource Finder * CD-ROMs not networked * Communications * Voyager search limitations. An unexpected collaboration with the Web Development Committee on the Resource Finder helped to steer the Group to more detailed descriptions of bibliographic access. This collaboration included development of data elements for the Resource Finder database, and some discussions on Library staff processing of the resources. The Web Resources Group invited expert testimony to help the Group broaden its view to envision public use of the resources and discuss concerns related to technical services processing. The first testimony came from members of the Resource Finder Committee. Some background information on the Web Development Resource Finder Committee was shared. The second testimony was from librarians who select electronic texts. Three main themes were addressed: accessing CD-ROMs; the issue of including non-networked CD-ROMs in the Resource Finder; and, some special concerns about electronic texts. The third testimony came from librarians who select indexes and abstracts and also provide Reference services. Appendices to this report include minutes of the meetings with the experts (Appendix A), a list of proposed data elements to be used in the Resource Finder (Appendix B), and recommendations made to the Resource Finder Committee (Appendix C). Below are summaries of the key elements.

Date

21. 4.2002 10:22:31

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Abstract

This is the third part of our papers about reference linking in a hybrid library environment. The first part described the state-of-the-art of reference linking and contrasted various approaches to the problem. It identified static and dynamic linking solutions, open and closed linking frameworks as well as just-in-case and just-in-time linking. The second part introduced SFX, a dynamic, just-in-time linking solution we built for our own purposes. However, we suggested that the underlying concepts were sufficiently generic to be applied in a wide range of digital libraries. In this third part we show how this has been demonstrated conclusively in the "SFX@Ghent & SFX@LANL" experiment. In this experiment, local as well as remote distributed information resources of the digital library collections of the Research Library of the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the University of Ghent Library have been used as starting points for SFX-links into other parts of the collections. The SFX-framework has further been generalized in order to achieve a technology that can easily be transferred from one digital library environment to another and that minimizes the overhead in making the distributed information services that make up those libraries interoperable with SFX. This third part starts with a presentation of the SFX problem statement in light of the recent discussions on reference linking. Next, it introduces the notion of global and local relevance of extended services as well as an architectural categorization of open linking frameworks, also referred to as frameworks that are supportive of selective resolution. Then, an in-depth description of the generalized SFX solution is given.

Source

D-Lib magazine. 5(1999) no.10, xx S

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