-
Gencosman, B.C.; Ozmutlu, H.C.; Ozmutlu, S.: Character n-gram application for automatic new topic identification (2014)
0.03
0.025970044 = product of:
0.051940087 = sum of:
0.051940087 = product of:
0.103880174 = sum of:
0.103880174 = weight(_text_:n in 2688) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.103880174 = score(doc=2688,freq=10.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.53260374 = fieldWeight in 2688, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2688)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The widespread availability of the Internet and the variety of Internet-based applications have resulted in a significant increase in the amount of web pages. Determining the behaviors of search engine users has become a critical step in enhancing search engine performance. Search engine user behaviors can be determined by content-based or content-ignorant algorithms. Although many content-ignorant studies have been performed to automatically identify new topics, previous results have demonstrated that spelling errors can cause significant errors in topic shift estimates. In this study, we focused on minimizing the number of wrong estimates that were based on spelling errors. We developed a new hybrid algorithm combining character n-gram and neural network methodologies, and compared the experimental results with results from previous studies. For the FAST and Excite datasets, the proposed algorithm improved topic shift estimates by 6.987% and 2.639%, respectively. Moreover, we analyzed the performance of the character n-gram method in different aspects including the comparison with Levenshtein edit-distance method. The experimental results demonstrated that the character n-gram method outperformed to the Levensthein edit distance method in terms of topic identification.
- Object
- n-grams
-
Roy, R.S.; Agarwal, S.; Ganguly, N.; Choudhury, M.: Syntactic complexity of Web search queries through the lenses of language models, networks and users (2016)
0.02
0.016424898 = product of:
0.032849796 = sum of:
0.032849796 = product of:
0.06569959 = sum of:
0.06569959 = weight(_text_:n in 3188) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06569959 = score(doc=3188,freq=4.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.33684817 = fieldWeight in 3188, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3188)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Across the world, millions of users interact with search engines every day to satisfy their information needs. As the Web grows bigger over time, such information needs, manifested through user search queries, also become more complex. However, there has been no systematic study that quantifies the structural complexity of Web search queries. In this research, we make an attempt towards understanding and characterizing the syntactic complexity of search queries using a multi-pronged approach. We use traditional statistical language modeling techniques to quantify and compare the perplexity of queries with natural language (NL). We then use complex network analysis for a comparative analysis of the topological properties of queries issued by real Web users and those generated by statistical models. Finally, we conduct experiments to study whether search engine users are able to identify real queries, when presented along with model-generated ones. The three complementary studies show that the syntactic structure of Web queries is more complex than what n-grams can capture, but simpler than NL. Queries, thus, seem to represent an intermediate stage between syntactic and non-syntactic communication.
-
Lewandowski, D.; Kerkmann, F.; Rümmele, S.; Sünkler, S.: ¬An empirical investigation on search engine ad disclosure (2018)
0.02
0.016259817 = product of:
0.032519635 = sum of:
0.032519635 = product of:
0.06503927 = sum of:
0.06503927 = weight(_text_:n in 4115) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06503927 = score(doc=4115,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.33346266 = fieldWeight in 4115, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4115)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- This representative study of German search engine users (N?=?1,000) focuses on the ability of users to distinguish between organic results and advertisements on Google results pages. We combine questions about Google's business with task-based studies in which users were asked to distinguish between ads and organic results in screenshots of results pages. We find that only a small percentage of users can reliably distinguish between ads and organic results, and that user knowledge of Google's business model is very limited. We conclude that ads are insufficiently labelled as such, and that many users may click on ads assuming that they are selecting organic results.
-
Bensman, S.J.: Eugene Garfield, Francis Narin, and PageRank : the theoretical bases of the Google search engine (2013)
0.01
0.012257711 = product of:
0.024515422 = sum of:
0.024515422 = product of:
0.049030844 = sum of:
0.049030844 = weight(_text_:22 in 1149) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.049030844 = score(doc=1149,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 1149, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1149)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 17.12.2013 11:02:22
-
Clewley, N.; Chen, S.Y.; Liu, X.: Cognitive styles and search engine preferences : field dependence/independence vs holism/serialism (2010)
0.01
0.011614156 = product of:
0.023228312 = sum of:
0.023228312 = product of:
0.046456624 = sum of:
0.046456624 = weight(_text_:n in 3961) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.046456624 = score(doc=3961,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23818761 = fieldWeight in 3961, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3961)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Joint, N.: ¬The one-stop shop search engine : a transformational library technology? ANTAEUS (2010)
0.01
0.011614156 = product of:
0.023228312 = sum of:
0.023228312 = product of:
0.046456624 = sum of:
0.046456624 = weight(_text_:n in 4201) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.046456624 = score(doc=4201,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23818761 = fieldWeight in 4201, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4201)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Lewandowski, D.; Sünkler, S.; Kerkmann, F.: Are ads on Google search engine results pages labeled clearly enough? : the influence of knowledge on search ads on users' selection behaviour (2017)
0.01
0.011614156 = product of:
0.023228312 = sum of:
0.023228312 = product of:
0.046456624 = sum of:
0.046456624 = weight(_text_:n in 3567) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.046456624 = score(doc=3567,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23818761 = fieldWeight in 3567, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3567)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- In an online experiment using a representative sample of the German online population (n = 1.000), we compare users' selection behaviour on two versions of the same Google search engine results page (SERP), one showing advertisements and organic results, the other showing organic results only. Selection behaviour is analyzed in relation to users' knowledge on Google's business model, on SERP design, and on these users' actual performance in marking advertisements on SERPs correctly. We find that users who were not able to mark ads correctly selected ads significantly more often. This leads to the conclusion that ads need to be labeled more clearly, and that there is a need for more information literacy in search engine users.
-
Unkel, J.; Haas, A.: ¬The effects of credibility cues on the selection of search engine results (2017)
0.01
0.011614156 = product of:
0.023228312 = sum of:
0.023228312 = product of:
0.046456624 = sum of:
0.046456624 = weight(_text_:n in 3752) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.046456624 = score(doc=3752,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23818761 = fieldWeight in 3752, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3752)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Web search engines act as gatekeepers when people search for information online. Research has shown that search engine users seem to trust the search engines' ranking uncritically and mostly select top-ranked results. This study further examines search engine users' selection behavior. Drawing from the credibility and information research literature, we test whether the presence or absence of certain credibility cues influences the selection probability of search engine results. In an observational study, participants (N?=?247) completed two information research tasks on preset search engine results pages, on which three credibility cues (source reputation, message neutrality, and social recommendations) as well as the search result ranking were systematically varied. The results of our study confirm the significance of the ranking. Of the three credibility cues, only reputation had an additional effect on selection probabilities. Personal characteristics (prior knowledge about the researched issues, search engine usage patterns, etc.) did not influence the preference for search results linked with certain credibility cues. These findings are discussed in light of situational and contextual characteristics (e.g., involvement, low-cost scenarios).
-
Fluhr, C.: Crosslingual access to photo databases (2012)
0.01
0.0091932835 = product of:
0.018386567 = sum of:
0.018386567 = product of:
0.036773134 = sum of:
0.036773134 = weight(_text_:22 in 93) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036773134 = score(doc=93,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 93, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=93)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 17. 4.2012 14:25:22
-
Chen, L.-C.: Next generation search engine for the result clustering technology (2012)
0.01
0.0091932835 = product of:
0.018386567 = sum of:
0.018386567 = product of:
0.036773134 = sum of:
0.036773134 = weight(_text_:22 in 105) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036773134 = score(doc=105,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 105, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=105)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 17. 4.2012 15:22:11
-
Bouidghaghen, O.; Tamine, L.: Spatio-temporal based personalization for mobile search (2012)
0.01
0.0091932835 = product of:
0.018386567 = sum of:
0.018386567 = product of:
0.036773134 = sum of:
0.036773134 = weight(_text_:22 in 108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036773134 = score(doc=108,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 108, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=108)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 20. 4.2012 13:19:22
-
Huvila, I.: Affective capitalism of knowing and the society of search engine (2016)
0.01
0.0091932835 = product of:
0.018386567 = sum of:
0.018386567 = product of:
0.036773134 = sum of:
0.036773134 = weight(_text_:22 in 3246) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036773134 = score(doc=3246,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 3246, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3246)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
-
Chaudiron, S.; Ihadjadene, M.: Studying Web search engines from a user perspective : key concepts and main approaches (2012)
0.01
0.0076610697 = product of:
0.0153221395 = sum of:
0.0153221395 = product of:
0.030644279 = sum of:
0.030644279 = weight(_text_:22 in 109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030644279 = score(doc=109,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 109, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=109)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 20. 4.2012 13:22:37
-
Lewandowski, D.; Spree, U.: Ranking of Wikipedia articles in search engines revisited : fair ranking for reasonable quality? (2011)
0.01
0.0076610697 = product of:
0.0153221395 = sum of:
0.0153221395 = product of:
0.030644279 = sum of:
0.030644279 = weight(_text_:22 in 444) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030644279 = score(doc=444,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 444, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=444)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 30. 9.2012 19:27:22
-
Aloteibi, S.; Sanderson, M.: Analyzing geographic query reformulation : an exploratory study (2014)
0.01
0.0076610697 = product of:
0.0153221395 = sum of:
0.0153221395 = product of:
0.030644279 = sum of:
0.030644279 = weight(_text_:22 in 1177) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030644279 = score(doc=1177,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1177, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1177)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 26. 1.2014 18:48:22
-
Vaughan, L.; Chen, Y.: Data mining from web search queries : a comparison of Google trends and Baidu index (2015)
0.01
0.0076610697 = product of:
0.0153221395 = sum of:
0.0153221395 = product of:
0.030644279 = sum of:
0.030644279 = weight(_text_:22 in 1605) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030644279 = score(doc=1605,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1605, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1605)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.1, S.13-22
-
Alqaraleh, S.; Ramadan, O.; Salamah, M.: Efficient watcher based web crawler design (2015)
0.01
0.0076610697 = product of:
0.0153221395 = sum of:
0.0153221395 = product of:
0.030644279 = sum of:
0.030644279 = weight(_text_:22 in 1627) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030644279 = score(doc=1627,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1627, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1627)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
-
Lewandowski, D.; Sünkler, S.: What does Google recommend when you want to compare insurance offerings? (2019)
0.01
0.0076610697 = product of:
0.0153221395 = sum of:
0.0153221395 = product of:
0.030644279 = sum of:
0.030644279 = weight(_text_:22 in 5288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030644279 = score(doc=5288,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 5288, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5288)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
-
Sachse, J.: ¬The influence of snippet length on user behavior in mobile web search (2019)
0.01
0.0076610697 = product of:
0.0153221395 = sum of:
0.0153221395 = product of:
0.030644279 = sum of:
0.030644279 = weight(_text_:22 in 5493) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030644279 = score(doc=5493,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 5493, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5493)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
-
Gossen, T.: Search engines for children : search user interfaces and information-seeking behaviour (2016)
0.01
0.0053627486 = product of:
0.010725497 = sum of:
0.010725497 = product of:
0.021450995 = sum of:
0.021450995 = weight(_text_:22 in 2752) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.021450995 = score(doc=2752,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.1354154 = fieldWeight in 2752, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=2752)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 1. 2.2016 18:25:22
