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  1. Spero, S.: LCSH is to thesaurus as doorbell is to mammal : visualizing structural problems in the Library of Congress Subject Headings (2008) 0.08
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    Abstract
    The Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) has been developed over the course of more than a century, predating the semantic web by some time. Until the 1986, the only concept-toconcept relationship available was an undifferentiated "See Also" reference, which was used for both associative (RT) and hierarchical (BT/NT) connections. In that year, in preparation for the first release of the headings in machine readable MARC Authorities form, an attempt was made to automatically convert these "See Also" links into the standardized thesaural relations. Unfortunately, the rule used to determine the type of reference to generate relied on the presence of symmetric links to detect associatively related terms; "See Also" references that were only present in one of the related terms were assumed to be hierarchical. This left the process vulnerable to inconsistent use of references in the pre-conversion data, with a marked bias towards promoting relationships to hierarchical status. The Library of Congress was aware that the results of the conversion contained many inconsistencies, and intended to validate and correct the results over the course of time. Unfortunately, twenty years later, less than 40% of the converted records have been evaluated. The converted records, being the earliest encountered during the Library's cataloging activities, represent the most basic concepts within LCSH; errors in the syndetic structure for these records affect far more subordinate concepts than those nearer the periphery. Worse, a policy of patterning new headings after pre-existing ones leads to structural errors arising from the conversion process being replicated in these newer headings, perpetuating and exacerbating the errors. As the LCSH prepares for its second great conversion, from MARC to SKOS, it is critical to address these structural problems. As part of the work on converting the headings into SKOS, I have experimented with different visualizations of the tangled web of broader terms embedded in LCSH. This poster illustrates several of these renderings, shows how they can help users to judge which relationships might not be correct, and shows just exactly how Doorbells and Mammals are related.
    Source
    Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
  2. Devadason, F.J.: Postulate-Based Permuted Subject Indexing Language as a metalanguage for computer-aided generation of information retrieval thesaurus (1983) 0.08
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    Abstract
    The development of the general theory of subject indexing language and of POPSI for organisation, storage and retrieval of subjects embodies in documents has a striking parallel in the search for and development of 'universal forms' and 'deep structure' in language and linguistic studies. This paper briefly traces the development of POPSI language as a metalanguage for information organisation and for generating information retrieval thesaurus. Also a computer-based system for generating an information retrieval thesaurus from modulated subject headings formulated according to POPSI which are enriched with certain codes for relating the terms in the subject headings is described. It is also mentioned that, if it is possible to form a table of equivalent terms in another language for the terms already used to generate the thesaurus, then it is possible to translate the thesaurus automatically into the other language
    Source
    International forum on information and documentation. 8(1983), S.22-29
  3. Pappas, E.: ¬An analysis of eight RLIN-members' authority controlled access points for purposes of speeding copy cataloging work flow (1996) 0.08
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    Abstract
    The authority controlled headings in a random sample of cataloguing records from RLIN member libraries were examined to determine the extent to which they either matched the forms a sestablished in RLIN's online authority files or, in cases where no headings existed in the files, had been formulated according to AACR2R principles and LoC guidelines. The study analzed all of the authority controlled access points in the records sample to determine the extent to ehich these access points matched the LoC Name Authority File (LoC NAF) and LoC Subject Authority File (LoC SAF) entries; it sought to determine which types of errors occured most frequently in instances where access points did not match the NAF and SAF files; and used the results of this analysis to add data to a list of preferred libraries kept by the Monograph Cataligng Section of the New York Public Library and used to increase the speed and efficiency of its copy cataloguing work flow
    Source
    Cataloging and classification quarterly. 22(1996) no.1, S.29-47
  4. Chan, L.M.; Hodges, T.: Entering the millennium : a new century for LCSH (2000) 0.08
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    Abstract
    Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), a system originally designed as a tool for subject access to the Library's own collection in the late nineteenth century, has become, in the course of the last century, the main subject retrieval tool in library catalogs throughout the United States and in many other countries. It is one of the largest non-specialized controlled vocabularies in the world. As LCSH enters a new century, it faces an information environment that has undergone vast changes from what had prevailed when LCSH began, or, indeed, from its state in the early days of the online age. In order to continue its mission and to be useful in spheres outside library catalogs as well, LCSH must adapt to the multifarious environment. One possible approach is to adopt a series of scalable and flexible syntax and application rules to meet the needs of different user communities
    Date
    27. 5.2001 16:22:21
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
  5. Foskett, A.C.: ¬The subject approach to information (1996) 0.08
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    Abstract
    This 5th ed. has been heavily revised and partly rewritten. It comprises 5 parts: (1) Theory of information retrieval systems (covering derived indexing, printed indexes and database access systems as well as sematics and syntax); (2) Precoordinate indexing systems (covering subject headings, notation, alphabetical index, OPACs); (3) Precoordinate indexing languages (covering the DDC, UDC, BC, CC, LCC, LCSH and shorter lists of subject headings); (4) Postcoordinate indexing languages; (5) The future (digital libraries). Author and subject index
    Date
    25. 7.2002 21:22:31
  6. Smith, M.J.; Cochrane, P.A.: Creating better subject access with multiple vocabularies : upgrading the Subject Heading List for the Alzheimer's Association (1999) 0.08
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    Abstract
    Although the Alzheimer's Association's Green-Field Library's catalog has been available to local chapters and interested people for some time through modem access, placing the catalog on the World Wide Web would make it available to casual browsers as well as determined searchers. When a review of the subject list revealed numerous inconsistencies and duplications, a new list was generated, giving preference to Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) where possible. The result was a mix of MeSH and Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), augmented by a few local- and reviewer-supplied terms. The new subject authority list gives the Green-Field Library an authoritative list of terms to use when performing original and copy cataloging. It can also be placed with the library's catalog on the Web to aid users in performing searches.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
  7. Schadlich, T.: Changing from Sears to LC Subject Headings (1980) 0.08
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    Object
    Sears List of Subject Headings
  8. Studwell, W.E.: Retrieving LC Subject Headings : long chains versus an increased number of headings (1989) 0.08
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  9. Sears' List of Subject Headings : Canadian companion (1992) 0.08
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    Object
    Sears List of Subject Headings
  10. Subject headings : the future of subdivisions in the Library of Congress Subject Headings system; report from the subject divisions conference sponsored by the Library of Congress, May 9-12, 1991 (1992) 0.07
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    Content
    16 Beiträge zu: (*) Machine validation of subdivided headings, especially headings with free-floating subdivisions; (*) order and display of subdivides headings; (*) simplification of rules for assigning subdivisions; (*) creation of a national subject authority file
  11. Aikawa, H. (Bearb.): Guidelines on subject access to individual works of fiction, drama, etc. (2000) 0.07
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    LCSH
    Form headings
    Subject headings / Literary form
    Subject headings / Literature
    Subject headings / Motion pictures
    Subject headings / Television programs
    Subject
    Form headings
    Subject headings / Literary form
    Subject headings / Literature
    Subject headings / Motion pictures
    Subject headings / Television programs
  12. Mitchell, J.S.: DDC 22: Dewey in the world, the world in Dewey (2004) 0.07
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    Abstract
    In 2003, OCLC published Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index, Edition 22 (DDC 22), in print and Web versions. The changes and updates in the new edition reflect a modern view of knowledge structures and address the general needs of Dewey users. The content of DDC 22 has been shaped by a number of social, geopolitical, and technical trends. The World Wide Web has provided a vehicle for more frequent distribution of updates to the DDC, and a medium for direct communication with Dewey users around the world. In addition to updating the system itself, other strategies are needed to accommodate the needs of the global Dewey user community. Translation of the system is one approach; another is mapping. Mapping terminology to the DDC is a strategy for supporting effective local implementation of the system while maintaining the internal cohesiveness of the DDC. This paper explores the usefulness of mapping terminology from English-language general subject headings lists produced outside the U.S.
    Object
    DDC-22
  13. Brown, M.E.: By any other name : accounting for failure in the naming of subject categories (1995) 0.07
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    Abstract
    Research shows that 65-80% of subject search terms fail to match the appropriate subject heading and one third to one half of subject searches result in no references being retrieved. Examines the subject search terms geberated by 82 school and college students in Princeton, NJ, evaluated the match between the named terms and the expected subject headings, proposes an explanation for match failures in relation to 3 invariant properties common to all search terms: concreteness, complexity, and syndeticity. Suggests that match failure is a consequence of developmental naming patterns and that these patterns can be overcome through the use of metacognitive naming skills
    Date
    2.11.1996 13:08:22
  14. Dubin, D.: Dimensions and discriminability (1998) 0.07
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    Abstract
    Visualization interfaces can improve subject access by highlighting the inclusion of document representation components in similarity and discrimination relationships. Within a set of retrieved documents, what kinds of groupings can index terms and subject headings make explicit? The role of controlled vocabulary in classifying search output is examined
    Date
    22. 9.1997 19:16:05
  15. Hickey, T.B.; Toves, J.; O'Neill, E.T.: NACO normalization : a detailed examination of the authority file comparison rules (2006) 0.07
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    Abstract
    Normalization rules are essential for interoperability between bibliographic systems. In the process of working with Name Authority Cooperative Program (NACO) authority files to match records with Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) and developing the Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) subject heading schema, the authors found inconsistencies in independently created NACO normalization implementations. Investigating these, the authors found ambiguities in the NACO standard that need resolution, and came to conclusions on how the procedure could be simplified with little impact on matching headings. To encourage others to test their software for compliance with the current rules, the authors have established a Web site that has test files and interactive services showing their current implementation.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
  16. MacEwan, A.: Promoting fiction through the catalogue (1997) 0.07
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    Abstract
    Considers the recent trend towards the promotion, by public libraries, of literary fiction with particular reference to a new fiction initiative by the British Library which seeks to redress the imbalance between the level of access provided for fiction and non fiction in library catalogues. From January 1997, the BNB catalogue records for works of fiction will be indexed using the LCSH in conjunction with a range of genre and form headings derived from the American Library Association' Guidelines on Subject Access to Individual Works on Fiction, Drama etc. (GSAFD). Access provided by the GSAFD approach encompass access by genre and access by subject
    Source
    Librarians world. 6(1997) no.2, S.22-24
  17. Weiss, A.K.; Carstens, T.V.: ¬The year's work in cataloging, 1999 (2001) 0.07
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    Abstract
    The challenge of cataloging Web sites and electronic resources was the most important issue facing the cataloging world in the last year. This article reviews attempts to analyze and revise the cataloging code in view of the new electronic environment. The difficulties of applying traditional library cataloging standards to Web resources has led some to favor metadata as the best means of providing access to these materials. The appropriate education and training for library cataloging personnel remains crucial during this transitional period. Articles on user understanding of Library of Congress subject headings and on cataloging practice are also reviewed.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
  18. Russell, B.M.; Spillane, J.L.: Using the Web for name authority work (2001) 0.07
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    Abstract
    While many catalogers are using the Web to find the information they need to perform authority work quickly and accurately, the full potential of the Web to assist catalogers in name authority work has yet to be realized. The ever-growing nature of the Web means that available information for creating personal name, corporate name, and other types of headings will increase. In this article, we examine ways in which simple and effective Web searching can save catalogers time and money in the process of authority work. In addition, questions involving evaluating authority information found on the Web are explored.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
  19. Creider, L.S.: Family names and the cataloger (2007) 0.07
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    Abstract
    The Joint Steering Committee for the Revision of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, to be known as Resource Description and Access (RDA), has indicated that the replacement for the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR2) will allow the use of family names as authors and will provide rules for their formation. This paper discusses what a family name describes; examines how information seekers look for family names and what they expect to find; describes the ways in which family names have been established in Anglo-American cataloging and archival traditions; asks how adequately the headings established under these rules help users seek such information; and suggests how revised cataloging rules might better enable users to identify resources that meet their needs.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
  20. Summers, E.; Isaac, A.; Redding, C.; Krech, D.: LCSH, SKOS and Linked Data (2008) 0.07
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    Abstract
    A technique for converting Library of Congress Subject Headings MARCXML to Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) RDF is described. Strengths of the SKOS vocabulary are highlighted, as well as possible points for extension, and the integration of other semantic web vocabularies such as Dublin Core. An application for making the vocabulary available as linked data on the Web is also described.
    Source
    Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas

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