-
Ackermann, E.: Piaget's constructivism, Papert's constructionism : what's the difference? (2001)
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- Abstract
- What is the difference between Piaget's constructivism and Papert's "constructionism"? Beyond the mere play on the words, I think the distinction holds, and that integrating both views can enrich our understanding of how people learn and grow. Piaget's constructivism offers a window into what children are interested in, and able to achieve, at different stages of their development. The theory describes how children's ways of doing and thinking evolve over time, and under which circumstance children are more likely to let go of-or hold onto- their currently held views. Piaget suggests that children have very good reasons not to abandon their worldviews just because someone else, be it an expert, tells them they're wrong. Papert's constructionism, in contrast, focuses more on the art of learning, or 'learning to learn', and on the significance of making things in learning. Papert is interested in how learners engage in a conversation with [their own or other people's] artifacts, and how these conversations boost self-directed learning, and ultimately facilitate the construction of new knowledge. He stresses the importance of tools, media, and context in human development. Integrating both perspectives illuminates the processes by which individuals come to make sense of their experience, gradually optimizing their interactions with the world.
- Content
- Vgl.: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Piaget-%E2%80%99-s-Constructivism-%2C-Papert-%E2%80%99-s-%3A-What-%E2%80%99-s-Ackermann/89cbcc1e740a4591443ff4765a6ae8df0fdf5554. Darunter weitere Hinweise auf verwandte Beiträge. Auch unter: Learning Group Publication 5(2001) no.3, S.438.
- Type
- a
-
Carter, J.A.: PASSPORT/PRISM: authors and titles and MARC : oh my! (1993)
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- Source
- OCLC systems and services. 9(1993) no.3, S.20-22
- Type
- a
-
Gilliland-Swetland, A.J.; Kafai, Y.B.; Landis, W.E.: Application of Dublin Core metadata in the description of digital primary sources in elementary school classrooms (2000)
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Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
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- Abstract
- Document representations for text classification are typically based on the classical Bag-Of-Words paradigm. This approach comes with deficiencies that motivate the integration of features on a higher semantic level than single words. In this paper we propose an enhancement of the classical document representation through concepts extracted from background knowledge. Boosting is used for actual classification. Experimental evaluations on two well known text corpora support our approach through consistent improvement of the results.
- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
- Type
- a
-
Soergel, D.: Knowledge organization for learning (2014)
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- Abstract
- This paper discusses and illustrates through examples how meaningful or deep learning can be supported through well-structured presentation of material, through giving learners schemas they can use to organize knowledge in their minds, and through helping learners to understand knowledge organization principles they can use to construct their own schemas. It is a call to all authors, educators and information designers to pay attention to meaningful presentation that expresses the internal structure of the domain and facilitates the learner's assimilation of concepts and their relationships.
- Pages
- S.22-32
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
- Type
- a
-
Hickey, T.B.; Toves, J.; O'Neill, E.T.: NACO normalization : a detailed examination of the authority file comparison rules (2006)
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- Abstract
- Normalization rules are essential for interoperability between bibliographic systems. In the process of working with Name Authority Cooperative Program (NACO) authority files to match records with Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) and developing the Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) subject heading schema, the authors found inconsistencies in independently created NACO normalization implementations. Investigating these, the authors found ambiguities in the NACO standard that need resolution, and came to conclusions on how the procedure could be simplified with little impact on matching headings. To encourage others to test their software for compliance with the current rules, the authors have established a Web site that has test files and interactive services showing their current implementation.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Type
- a
-
Siddiqui, M.A.: ¬A bibliometric study of authorship characteristics in four international information science journals (1997)
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- Abstract
- Reports results of a bibliometric study of the authorship characteristics of articles published in 4 major information science periodicals: JASIS, Information technology and libraries, Journal of information science, and Program. The aim was to determine the details of their authors, such as: sex, occupation, affiliation, geographic distribution, and institutional affiliation. A total of 163 articles published in 1993 and written by 294 authors were analyzed. Results indicate that: men (206 or 70%) publish 3.0 times more articles than women (69 or 23,5%). Schools of library and information science contributed the most authors. The majority of authors came from the USA (148 or 50,3%), with the Midwest region claiming the largest share (110 or 25,0%). Academic libraries (110 or 37,4%) account for the major share of library publication. 12 schools of library and information science, in the USA, contributed 32 authors (50,0%) and assistant professors (25 or 39,1%) publish the most in these library schools. Male school of library and information science authors publish 1,6 times more than their female counterparts
- Source
- International forum on information and documentation. 22(1997) no.3, S.3-23
- Type
- a
-
Mitchell, J.S.; Zeng, M.L.; Zumer, M.: Modeling classification systems in multicultural and multilingual contexts (2012)
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- Abstract
- This paper reports on the second part of an initiative of the authors on researching classification systems with the conceptual model defined by the Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (FRSAD) final report. In an earlier study, the authors explored whether the FRSAD conceptual model could be extended beyond subject authority data to model classification data. The focus of the current study is to determine if classification data modeled using FRSAD can be used to solve real-world discovery problems in multicultural and multilingual contexts. The paper discusses the relationships between entities (same type or different types) in the context of classification systems that involve multiple translations and /or multicultural implementations. Results of two case studies are presented in detail: (a) two instances of the DDC (DDC 22 in English, and the Swedish-English mixed translation of DDC 22), and (b) Chinese Library Classification. The use cases of conceptual models in practice are also discussed.
- Type
- a
-
Townsel-Winston, M.: What's new in public services? (1992)
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- Abstract
- OCLC has added 5 new databases to the FirstSearch catalogue and EPIC service: ContentsFirst, ArticleFirst, Social Sciences Index, General Science Index and Event-Line. DiscLit is available in a British literature version. DiscLit: British Authors is a CD-ROM tool for high school and college literature students. Announces winners of the OCLC on the Front Line Award and Database Magazine's Product of the year as Jane Bambrick and the Online Journal of Current Clinical Trials
- Source
- OCLC micro. 8(1992) no.6, S.21-22
- Type
- a
-
Aptagiri, D.V.; Gopinath, M.A.; Prasad, A.R.D.: ¬A frame based knowledge representation paradigm for automating POPSI (1995)
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- Abstract
- This paper is based on the project work carries out by the authors at DRTC. Knowledge representation models are used in building intelligent systems for problem solving. The paper discusses, a frame based knowledge representation model built for automatic indexing. The system assigns POPSI indicators and produces subject strings for titles. The results are given in appendices
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 22(1995) nos.3/4, S.162-167
- Type
- a
-
Mandel, C.A.; Wolven, R.: Intellectual access to digital documents : joining proven principles with new technologies (1996)
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- Abstract
- This paper considers the relevance of Charles Ami Cutter's principles of bibliographic access to the uiniverse of Internet accessible digital objects and explores new methods for applying these principles in the context of new information technologies. The paper examines the value for retrieval of collecting authors' names, identifying authors' roles, collocating works and versions, and providing subject access through classification and controlled vocabularies for digital resources available through the World Wide Web. THe authors identify emerging techniques and technologies that can be used in lieu of or as a supplement to traditional cataloging to achieve these functions in organizing access to Internet resources
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 22(1996) nos.3/4, S.25-42
- Type
- a
-
Jascó, P.: Searching for images by similarity online (1998)
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- Date
- 29.11.2004 13:03:22
- Source
- Online. 22(1998) no.6, S.99-102
- Type
- a
-
Hawking, D.; Robertson, S.: On collection size and retrieval effectiveness (2003)
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- Date
- 14. 8.2005 14:22:22
- Type
- a
-
Oppenheim, C.: ¬The implications of copyright legislation for electronic access to journal collections (1994)
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- Abstract
- The nature and implications of electrocopying are summarised. After a brief review of the principles of copyright, the issue of whether electrocopying infringes copyright is debated. Publishers are aware of the threat that electrocopying poses to their business. The various options available to publishers for responding to electrocopying are summarised. Patterns of scholarly communications and the relationships between authors, publishers and libraries are being challenged. Constructive dialogue is necessary if the issues are to be resolved
- Source
- Journal of document and text management. 2(1994) no.1, S.10-22
- Type
- a
-
CannCasciato, D.: ¬The OLUC from a NACO point of view : eliminating derived search keys (1994)
0.07
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- Abstract
- Explains how the current resurgence of cooperative cataloguing initiatives require that OCLC Online Union Catalog (OLUC) search keys evolve to allow more precise searching. Describes the results achieved by searching personal and corporate authors by word and phrase to obtain guidance on deciding about heading formation and necessary references. Concludes that phrase searching needs to be brought into existence in OLUC search mechanisms as quickly as possible to speed up cataloguing, and that OCLC needs to take note of these requirements by eliminating limitations on searching
- Source
- OCLC systems and services. 10(1994) no.4, S.22-25
- Type
- a
-
LeBlanc, J.; Kurth, M.: ¬An operational model for library metadata maintenance (2008)
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- Abstract
- Libraries pay considerable attention to the creation, preservation, and transformation of descriptive metadata in both MARC and non-MARC formats. Little evidence suggests that they devote as much time, energy, and financial resources to the ongoing maintenance of non-MARC metadata, especially with regard to updating and editing existing descriptive content, as they do to maintenance of such information in the MARC-based online public access catalog. In this paper, the authors introduce a model, derived loosely from J. A. Zachman's framework for information systems architecture, with which libraries can identify and inventory components of catalog or metadata maintenance and plan interdepartmental, even interinstitutional, workflows. The model draws on the notion that the expertise and skills that have long been the hallmark for the maintenance of libraries' catalog data can and should be parlayed towards metadata maintenance in a broader set of information delivery systems.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
19. 6.2010 19:22:28
- Type
- a
-
Elovici, Y.; Shapira, Y.B.; Kantor, P.B.: ¬A decision theoretic approach to combining information filters : an analytical and empirical evaluation. (2006)
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- Abstract
- The outputs of several information filtering (IF) systems can be combined to improve filtering performance. In this article the authors propose and explore a framework based on the so-called information structure (IS) model, which is frequently used in Information Economics, for combining the output of multiple IF systems according to each user's preferences (profile). The combination seeks to maximize the expected payoff to that user. The authors show analytically that the proposed framework increases users expected payoff from the combined filtering output for any user preferences. An experiment using the TREC-6 test collection confirms the theoretical findings.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 15:05:39
- Type
- a
-
Pepermans, G.; Rousseau, S.: ¬The decision to submit to a journal : another example of a valence-consistent shift? (2016)
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- Abstract
- In this article we use a stated choice experiment to study researcher preferences in the information sciences and to investigate the relative importance of different journal characteristics in convincing potential authors to submit to a particular journal. The analysis distinguishes high quality from standard quality articles and focuses on the question whether communicating acceptance rates rather than rejection rates leads to other submission decisions. Our results show that a positive framing effect might be present when authors decide on submitting a high quality article. No evidence of a framing effect is found when authors consider a standard quality article. From a journal marketing perspective, this is important information for editors. Communicating acceptance rates rather than rejection rates might help to convince researchers to submit to their journal.
- Date
- 7. 5.2016 20:02:22
- Type
- a
-
Cetron, M.; Davies, O.: Mastering information in the new century (1994)
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- Abstract
- Offers a thought-provoking forecast abouit the development of the information superhighway and the changes it will bring. Focusing on the legal, social and political implications of the enormous growth of information, the authors focus on anticipated changes in the professional and personal lives of people throughout the developed world
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Journal of academic librarianship 22(1996) no.1, S.62 (R.F. Rose)
-
Benemann, W.E.: Reference implications of digital technology in a library photograph collection (1994)
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- Abstract
- Research undertaken in photograph collections presents unique challenges, both for the researcher and fot the librarian or archivist attempting to provide access. Unlike a book, which most frequently has a recognizable authors and/or title, a photograph is not easily described or indexed. The identity of the photographer is sometime unknown. The names of any people shown in the images are frequently not readily available, and even the location may be ambiguous. But now the challenges of providing reference access to photograph collection can be met by canning images into a digitize format sa that they can be searched using a computer terminal. In this article, Benemeann describes a feasibility study focusing on the Japanese-American Evacuation and Relocation Photographs housed in the Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley
- Source
- Reference services review. 22(1994) no.4, S.45-50
- Type
- a
