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Cardoso, A.M.P.: Pos-modernidade e informacao : conceitos complementares? (1996)
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- Abstract
- Throughout history, science has been considered as the engine of modernity, signalling the supremacy of rational thought. The post-modern world, in contrast, is characterised by globalisation engendered by the development of communication technology. In this context, information is a social product and information science has broken from the traditional model of science, abandoning its initial attempt to establish laws and focusing instead on users. This has resulted in interdisciplinary links with related fields such as psychology, communications theory etc. In Brazil development is unequal, with some regions at a post-modern stage and other still feudal or pre-modern. The role of information here is to level these disparities and create a more just society
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 18:23:13
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Post-modernity and information: complementary concepts?
- Type
- a
-
Garcia Marco, F.J.: Planteamiento docente de los sistemas de indizacion precoordinados y postcoordinados : una propuesta interdisciplinar (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports the methodology of a training seminar in which comparative analysis of pre-coordinated and post-coordinated procedures was examined. Evaluates training seminars as teaching activities which allow teachers to overcome the problem of a high number of students in a class
- Type
- a
-
Mostafa, S.P.: Enfoqies paradigmaticos de bibliotecologia : unidade na diversidad na unidad (1996)
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- Abstract
- Information science is currently dominated by 2 paradigms: one emphasises information retrieval as a technological process, based on natural sciences; the other derives from the social sciences, focusing on the information process as a communication act. The first is based on the structure of atoms, the second as people as collective actors. In Brazil the social science approach predominates, chiefly through the influence of 3 currents of thought: American liberalism; German social democracy and French post-structuralism. The ideas of the chief exponents of these theories have been developed by Brazilian researchers, introducing elements from political economy, quantum physics, linguistics, social science and epistemology. This interdisciplinarity is the key to unity in information science
- Content
- Presentation given at a round table on paradigmatic focuses of library science, during the 14th colloque on library science at the National Autonomous University of Mexico
- Type
- a
-
Marcial, N.A.: Informacion : una nueva propuesta conceptual (1996)
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- Abstract
- Proposes a new definition of the word 'information' in order to reconcile conceptual differences and provide elements for the creation of a new paradigm. Cites some papers devoted to the concept 'information' specifically those that identify and characterize the different ways of thinking, as background to substantiate the proposed definition
- Content
- Paper presented at the International Conference of Information INFO '95, Havana, Cuba, 25-29 Sep 1995
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 16:01:59
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Information: a new conceptual proposal
- Type
- a
-
Paim, I.; Nehmy, R.M.Q.; Guimaraes, C.G.: Problematizacao do conceito 'qualidade' da informacao (1996)
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- Abstract
- There is no general consensus about what constitutes 'quality' of information, and the tendency is to replace it with 'value'. It is generally considered as a multidimensional category incorporating transcendental, intrinsic and contingent aspects. Emphasising one of these to the exclusion of the others reduces quality to a subjective basis, and removes the possibility of consistent professional practice: the information provider is left to act as a filter between the 'truth' of information and the 'desire' of the user
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 18:23:13
- Type
- a
-
Picht, H.: ¬La terminologia como factor de desarollo (1996)
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- Abstract
- Terminology is essential for professional discourse, and therefore for professional communication. Without such communication there is no transfer of knowledge, and hence training and development become impossible. The question therefore is how to develop terminology. In Scandinavian countries terminology planning is a well established concept within the context of linguistic planning and national linguistic policy. In other countries the concept is hardly known, with the exception of standardization. The Scandinavian NORDTERM network, established in 1976, offers a proven model for encouraging regional terminological development
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Terminology as a factor in development
- Source
- Revista interamericana de bibliotecologia. 19(1996) no.1, S.7-29
- Type
- a
-
Garcia-Suarez, V.M.: ¬El servicio de referencia y el referencista contemporaneos : retos y oportunidades (1995)
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- Abstract
- Analyzes issues that have a bearing on contemporary reference service and the reference librarian. These include: the librarian's aptitude for and attitude to change; the notion of the information explosion and its impact on reference service; changes of conceptual, technological, humanistic, economic, and practical nature; changing disciplines; a changing market; and more demanding and selective users
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 16:01:59
- Type
- a
-
Marijuan, P.C.: ¬La acumulacion social del conomiento : une perspectiva interdisciplinar (1995)
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- Abstract
- Establishes a connection between knowledge processes in the lower level of living organisms - bacteria - and the modern sophisticated society of scientists from the perspective of the 'artificial life' paradigm. Explores bacterial colonies from an information perspective. Views the society of science as a living biological society, where sciences interact not only hierarchically but in horizontal cooperation processes. Discusses the education system, scientific politics and the geography of science
- Source
- Scire. 1(1995) no.1, S.29-55
- Type
- a
-
Alonso, B.V.: Definiciones del concepto de documentacion en Espana : 1980-1995 (1996)
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- Abstract
- Discusses the development of the concept of documentation throughout the history of the human race, one that has been the subject of much written research both within and outside Spain. Defines the concept in general terms and discusses it from a scientific, informational, linguistic, and educational perspective. Explains what the term information sciences encompasses
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 16:01:59
- Type
- a
-
Lopez, M.T.H.; Ramos, L.G.: Conceptos y evolucion historica de la generica de informacion y la genrica de recursos de informacion (1996)
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- Abstract
- Discusses a number of definitions of information management and information resources management and describes the historical development of information management from printed paper to information resources to strategic information management. States the need for research into the establishment of theoretical systematization
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 16:01:59
- Type
- a
-
Simoes, A.M.: ¬O peocesso de producao e distribuicao de informacao enquanto conhecimento : algumas reflexoes (1996)
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- Abstract
- The information process is characterised by 3 phases: potential information, consolidated information and information as knowledge, at which point is becomes a means rather than an end. In the social context, knowledge functions both as a social institution and a socialising institution: since reality is constantly changing, knowledge thus becomes a perspective determined by individual experience. Distribution of knowledge is controlled by those who have access, and in a society marked by inequality such as Brazil this virtually excludes all those living on the margins. The production and distribution of knowledge is thus based on capitalist criteria, reflecting the practices of the owners of capital
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 18:23:13
- Type
- a
-
Mari, H.: Dos fundamentos da significao a producao do sentido (1996)
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- Abstract
- An approach to establishing a relationship between knowing, informing and representing, using aspects of linguistic theory to clarify semantic theory as the basis for an overall theory of meaning. Linguistic knowledge is based on a conceptual matrix which defines convergence / divergence of the categories used to specify an object's parameters; work on the analysis of discourse emphasisis the social dimension of meaning, which is the basis of the theory of acts and speech. The evaluation criteria used to determine questions about the possibility of knowledge are necessarily decisive, this opens up promising perspectives if formulating a relationship between conceptual and pragmatic approaches
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 18:23:13
- Type
- a
-
Eugenio, M.; Franca, R.O.; Perez, R.C.: Ciencia da informacao sob a otica paradigmatica de Thomas Kuhn : elementos de reflexao (1996)
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- Abstract
- There is no generally agreed definition of what constitutes information or information science, but Kuhn's notion of paradigms provides a useful perspective for analysing current theories. If information science is considerd as an 'immature science', i.e. one yet to develop its own paradigm, this links it to the debate about science and technology: many of the activities associated with information science, e.g. organising information for users by creating databases, belong to the domain of technology. On this basis, computer related activities concerned with information can be dissociated from the domain of computer science, thus establishing an independent status for information science
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 18:23:13
- Type
- a
-
Wormell, I.: Indizacion SAP para la exploracion del amplio contexto tematico de libros y para el accesso a entidades semanticos mas pequenas (1994)
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- Abstract
- Describes an approach to indexing which seeks to eliminate the shortcoming of the representation of information in existing bibliographic catalogues: Subject Access Project (SAP) indexing which has been used successfully at Lund University and elsewhere. Existing catalogue records have been enriched with terms selected from lists of contents and indexes in books thus facilitating access to specific parts of documents and smaller semantic entites such as chapter titles, subject titles and data in graphic or tabulated form available in a wide range of publications
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 16:01:59
- Type
- a
-
Diaz, I.G.; Aguilar, G.S.: Bibliometria comparada sobre tecnologia de informacion : diez anos en la base de datos ERIC (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports results of an automated search of the term 'information technology' and 20 related terms in the ERIC database, 1982-1991, which revealed data related to: scientific production relating to information technology; core journals; types of documents; types of authors and their output; sponsoring institutions; publishing output by country; desciptors; and related terms. The following bibliometric laws are applied: Bradford's law; Lotka's law; and Spearman's and Pearson's laws. Provides an insight into the role of bibliometrics as a scientific discipline for the study of the development of new technologies and their impact on information activity
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 16:01:59
- Type
- a
-
Nehmy, R.M.Q.: ¬A ciencia da informacao como disciplina cientifica (1996)
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- Abstract
- Article based on student discussions during the course on 'Theoretical foundations of information' at the Federal University of Minas Gerais Librarianship School (Brazil). Kuhn's theory of the structure of scientific revolutions provides a useful perspective for analysing the debate about the scientific status of the social sciences in general and information science in particular. There is no general consensus on the characteristics of information science, either as to its origin, legitimate objects of study or research methodology. Rather the debate focuses on wether information science is a development of librarianship, or an independent multidisciplinary activity. What can be stated is that information science has developed on the basis of increasing specialisation of the disciplines it involves - sociology, economics, anthropology, etc. - and its status is possibly more than that of a 'department' like medicine, which groups biology, genetics, etc.
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 18:23:13
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Information science as a scientific discipline
- Type
- a
-
Saracevic, T.: Ciencia da informacao, origem, evolucao e relacoes (1996)
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- Abstract
- Information science is best defined as a discipline in terms of the problems it addresses. Its origins date back to the scientific and technical revolution after the 2nd World War, and its development has been essentially characterised by interdisciplinarity. Librarianship, computer science, cognitive science and communication studies all share interests with infomation science, but with increasing emphasis on the information society and the information industry dictated by technological imparatives, information science is now at a critical point in its evolution. The problem it sets out to solve are not decreasing but changing, with the pressure to improve access to an ever increasing store of knowledge. The social need for information science is evident, whatever the name given to the knowledge and skills which it encompasses
- Content
- Translation of a presentation given at the International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science held at the University of Tampere in Aug 1991
- Date
- 29. 1.1996 18:23:13
- Type
- a
-
Jimenez, V.O.R.: Nuevas perspectivas para la catalogacion : metadatos ver MARC (1999)
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- Date
- 30. 3.2002 19:45:22
- Source
- Revista Española de Documentaçion Cientifica. 22(1999) no.2, S.198-219
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- a
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Gnoli, C.: Fundamentos ontológicos de la organización del conocimiento : la teoría de los niveles integrativos aplicada al orden de cita (2011)
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- Abstract
- The field of knowledge organization (KO) can be described as composed of the four distinct but connected layers of theory, systems, representation, and application. This paper focuses on the relations between KO theory and KO systems. It is acknowledged how the structure of KO systems is the product of a mixture of ontological, epistemological, and pragmatical factors. However, different systems give different priorities to each factor. A more ontologically-oriented approach, though not offering quick solutions for any particular group of users, will produce systems of wide and long-lasting application as they are based on general, shareable principles. I take the case of the ontological theory of integrative levels, which has been considered as a useful source for general classifications for several decades, and is currently implemented in the Integrative Levels Classification system. The theory produces a sequence of main classes modelling a natural order between phenomena. This order has interesting effects also on other features of the system, like the citation order of concepts within compounds. As it has been shown by facet analytical theory, it is useful that citation order follow a principle of inversion, as compared to the order of the same concepts in the schedules. In the light of integrative levels theory, this principle also acquires an ontological meaning: phenomena of lower level should be cited first, as most often they act as specifications of higher-level ones. This ontological principle should be complemented by consideration of the epistemological treatment of phenomena: in case a lower-level phenomenon is the main theme, it can be promoted to the leading position in the compound subject heading. The integration of these principles is believed to produce optimal results in the ordering of knowledge contents.
- Source
- Scire. 17(2011) no.1, S.29-34
- Type
- a
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Pelayo, J.J.J.; Cano, F.J.B.: Propuesta para la optimizacion de asientos catalograficos en catalogos en linea de primera generacion (1997)
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- Abstract
- Makes a proposal for the optimization of first generation online catalogues which tries to unify the different institutional projects for the establishment of simplified ISBD standards and MARC formats, as well as the results of occasional studies and researches on cataloguing codification. Offers a feasible solution, for immediate application, for a definitive transition from card catalogue to automated catalogue
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Proposal for the optimization of catalogue records in online catalogues
- Type
- a
