Search (42 results, page 1 of 3)

  • × theme_ss:"Data Mining"
  • × type_ss:"a"
  • × year_i:[2000 TO 2010}
  1. Whittle, M.; Eaglestone, B.; Ford, N.; Gillet, V.J.; Madden, A.: Data mining of search engine logs (2007) 0.02
    0.024739172 = product of:
      0.07421751 = sum of:
        0.0089855315 = weight(_text_:information in 1330) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0089855315 = score(doc=1330,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.116372846 = fieldWeight in 1330, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1330)
        0.06523198 = weight(_text_:networks in 1330) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.06523198 = score(doc=1330,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.20804176 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.31355235 = fieldWeight in 1330, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1330)
      0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
    
    Abstract
    This article reports on the development of a novel method for the analysis of Web logs. The method uses techniques that look for similarities between queries and identify sequences of query transformation. It allows sequences of query transformations to be represented as graphical networks, thereby giving a richer view of search behavior than is possible with the usual sequential descriptions. We also perform a basic analysis to study the correlations between observed transformation codes, with results that appear to show evidence of behavior habits. The method was developed using transaction logs from the Excite search engine to provide a tool for an ongoing research project that is endeavoring to develop a greater understanding of Web-based searching by the general public.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.14, S.2382-2400
  2. Haravu, L.J.; Neelameghan, A.: Text mining and data mining in knowledge organization and discovery : the making of knowledge-based products (2003) 0.02
    0.02244316 = product of:
      0.06732948 = sum of:
        0.0129694985 = weight(_text_:information in 5653) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0129694985 = score(doc=5653,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.16796975 = fieldWeight in 5653, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5653)
        0.054359984 = weight(_text_:networks in 5653) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.054359984 = score(doc=5653,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.20804176 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.26129362 = fieldWeight in 5653, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5653)
      0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
    
    Abstract
    Discusses the importance of knowledge organization in the context of the information overload caused by the vast quantities of data and information accessible on internal and external networks of an organization. Defines the characteristics of a knowledge-based product. Elaborates on the techniques and applications of text mining in developing knowledge products. Presents two approaches, as case studies, to the making of knowledge products: (1) steps and processes in the planning, designing and development of a composite multilingual multimedia CD product, with the potential international, inter-cultural end users in view, and (2) application of natural language processing software in text mining. Using a text mining software, it is possible to link concept terms from a processed text to a related thesaurus, glossary, schedules of a classification scheme, and facet structured subject representations. Concludes that the products of text mining and data mining could be made more useful if the features of a faceted scheme for subject classification are incorporated into text mining techniques and products.
    Content
    Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Knowledge organization and classification in international information retrieval"
  3. Nicholson, S.: Bibliomining for automated collection development in a digital library setting : using data mining to discover Web-based scholarly research works (2003) 0.02
    0.021649845 = product of:
      0.064949535 = sum of:
        0.01058955 = weight(_text_:information in 1867) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.01058955 = score(doc=1867,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.13714671 = fieldWeight in 1867, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1867)
        0.054359984 = weight(_text_:networks in 1867) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.054359984 = score(doc=1867,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.20804176 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.26129362 = fieldWeight in 1867, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.72992 = idf(docFreq=1060, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1867)
      0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
    
    Abstract
    This research creates an intelligent agent for automated collection development in a digital library setting. It uses a predictive model based an facets of each Web page to select scholarly works. The criteria came from the academic library selection literature, and a Delphi study was used to refine the list to 41 criteria. A Perl program was designed to analyze a Web page for each criterion and applied to a large collection of scholarly and nonscholarly Web pages. Bibliomining, or data mining for libraries, was then used to create different classification models. Four techniques were used: logistic regression, nonparametric discriminant analysis, classification trees, and neural networks. Accuracy and return were used to judge the effectiveness of each model an test datasets. In addition, a set of problematic pages that were difficult to classify because of their similarity to scholarly research was gathered and classified using the models. The resulting models could be used in the selection process to automatically create a digital library of Webbased scholarly research works. In addition, the technique can be extended to create a digital library of any type of structured electronic information.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.12, S.1081-1090
  4. Lischka, K.: Spurensuche im Datenwust : Data-Mining-Software fahndet nach kriminellen Mitarbeitern, guten Kunden - und bald vielleicht auch nach Terroristen (2002) 0.01
    0.0050975364 = product of:
      0.015292609 = sum of:
        0.0063537303 = weight(_text_:information in 1178) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0063537303 = score(doc=1178,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.08228803 = fieldWeight in 1178, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0234375 = fieldNorm(doc=1178)
        0.008938879 = product of:
          0.017877758 = sum of:
            0.017877758 = weight(_text_:22 in 1178) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.017877758 = score(doc=1178,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.1540252 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.043984205 = queryNorm
                0.116070345 = fieldWeight in 1178, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0234375 = fieldNorm(doc=1178)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.33333334 = coord(2/6)
    
    Content
    "Ob man als Terrorist einen Anschlag gegen die Vereinigten Staaten plant, als Kassierer Scheine aus der Kasse unterschlägt oder für bestimmte Produkte besonders gerne Geld ausgibt - einen Unterschied macht Data-Mining-Software da nicht. Solche Programme analysieren riesige Daten- mengen und fällen statistische Urteile. Mit diesen Methoden wollen nun die For- scher des "Information Awaren in den Vereinigten Staaten Spuren von Terroristen in den Datenbanken von Behörden und privaten Unternehmen wie Kreditkartenfirmen finden. 200 Millionen Dollar umfasst der Jahresetat für die verschiedenen Forschungsprojekte. Dass solche Software in der Praxis funktioniert, zeigen die steigenden Umsätze der Anbieter so genannter Customer-Relationship-Management-Software. Im vergangenen Jahr ist das Potenzial für analytische CRM-Anwendungen laut dem Marktforschungsinstitut IDC weltweit um 22 Prozent gewachsen, bis zum Jahr 2006 soll es in Deutschland mit einem jährlichen Plus von 14,1 Prozent so weitergehen. Und das trotz schwacher Konjunktur - oder gerade deswegen. Denn ähnlich wie Data-Mining der USRegierung helfen soll, Terroristen zu finden, entscheiden CRM-Programme heute, welche Kunden für eine Firma profitabel sind. Und welche es künftig sein werden, wie Manuela Schnaubelt, Sprecherin des CRM-Anbieters SAP, beschreibt: "Die Kundenbewertung ist ein zentraler Bestandteil des analytischen CRM. Sie ermöglicht es Unternehmen, sich auf die für sie wichtigen und richtigen Kunden zu fokussieren. Darüber hinaus können Firmen mit speziellen Scoring- Verfahren ermitteln, welche Kunden langfristig in welchem Maße zum Unternehmenserfolg beitragen." Die Folgen der Bewertungen sind für die Betroffenen nicht immer positiv: Attraktive Kunden profitieren von individuellen Sonderangeboten und besonderer Zuwendung. Andere hängen vielleicht so lauge in der Warteschleife des Telefonservice, bis die profitableren Kunden abgearbeitet sind. So könnte eine praktische Umsetzung dessen aussehen, was SAP-Spreche-rin Schnaubelt abstrakt beschreibt: "In vielen Unternehmen wird Kundenbewertung mit der klassischen ABC-Analyse durchgeführt, bei der Kunden anhand von Daten wie dem Umsatz kategorisiert werden. A-Kunden als besonders wichtige Kunden werden anders betreut als C-Kunden." Noch näher am geplanten Einsatz von Data-Mining zur Terroristenjagd ist eine Anwendung, die heute viele Firmen erfolgreich nutzen: Sie spüren betrügende Mitarbeiter auf. Werner Sülzer vom großen CRM-Anbieter NCR Teradata beschreibt die Möglichkeiten so: "Heute hinterlässt praktisch jeder Täter - ob Mitarbeiter, Kunde oder Lieferant - Datenspuren bei seinen wirtschaftskriminellen Handlungen. Es muss vorrangig darum gehen, einzelne Spuren zu Handlungsmustern und Täterprofilen zu verdichten. Das gelingt mittels zentraler Datenlager und hoch entwickelter Such- und Analyseinstrumente." Von konkreten Erfolgen sprich: Entlas-sungen krimineller Mitarbeiter-nach Einsatz solcher Programme erzählen Unternehmen nicht gerne. Matthias Wilke von der "Beratungsstelle für Technologiefolgen und Qualifizierung" (BTQ) der Gewerkschaft Verdi weiß von einem Fall 'aus der Schweiz. Dort setzt die Handelskette "Pick Pay" das Programm "Lord Lose Prevention" ein. Zwei Monate nach Einfüh-rung seien Unterschlagungen im Wert von etwa 200 000 Franken ermittelt worden. Das kostete mehr als 50 verdächtige Kassiererinnen und Kassierer den Job.
    Jede Kasse schickt die Daten zu Stornos, Rückgaben, Korrekturen und dergleichen an eine zentrale Datenbank. Aus den Informationen errechnet das Programm Kassiererprofile. Wessen Arbeit stark Durchschnitt abweicht, macht sich verdächtig. Die Kriterien" legen im Einzelnen die Revisionsabteilungen fest, doch generell gilt: "Bei Auffälligkeiten wie überdurchschnittlichvielenStornierungen, Off nen der Kassenschublade ohne Verkauf nach einem Storno oder Warenrücknahmen ohne Kassenbon, können die Vorgänge nachträglich einzelnen Personen zugeordnet werden", sagt Rene Schiller, Marketing-Chef des Lord-Herstellers Logware. Ein Kündigungsgrund ist eine solche Datensammlung vor Gericht nicht. Doch auf der Basis können Unternehmen gezielt Detektive einsetzen. Oder sie konfrontieren die Mitarbeiter mit dem Material; woraufhin Schuldige meist gestehen. Wilke sieht Programme wie Lord kritisch:"Jeder, der in dem Raster auffällt, kann ein potenzieller Betrüger oder Dieb sein und verdient besondere Beobachtung." Dabei könne man vom Standard abweichen, weil man unausgeschlafen und deshalb unkonzentriert sei. Hier tut sich für Wilke die Gefahr technisierter Leistungskontrolle auf. "Es ist ja nicht schwierig, mit den Programmen zu berechnen, wie lange beispielsweise das Kassieren eines Samstagseinkaufs durchschnittlich dauert." Die Betriebsräte - ihre Zustimmung ist beim Einsatz technischer Kon trolleinrichtungen nötig - verurteilen die wertende Software weniger eindeutig. Im Gegenteil: Bei Kaufhof und Edeka haben sie dem Einsatz zugestimmt. Denn: "Die wollen ja nicht, dass ganze Abteilungen wegen Inventurverlusten oder dergleichen unter Generalverdacht fallen", erklärt Gewerkschaftler Wilke: "Angesichts der Leistungen kommerzieller Data-Mining-Programme verblüfft es, dass in den Vereinigten Staaten das "Information Awareness Office" noch drei Jahre für Forschung und Erprobung der eigenen Programme veranschlagt. 2005 sollen frühe Prototypen zur Terroristensuche einesgetz werden. Doch schon jetzt regt sich Protest. Datenschützer wie Marc Botenberg vom Informationszentrum für Daten schutz sprechen vom "ehrgeizigsten öffentlichen Überwachungssystem, das je vorgeschlagen wurde". Sie warnen besonders davor, Daten aus der Internetnutzung und private Mails auszuwerten. Das Verteidigungsministerium rudert zurück. Man denke nicht daran, über die Software im Inland aktiv zu werden. "Das werden die Geheimdienste, die Spionageabwehr und die Strafverfolger tun", sagt Unterstaatssekretär Edward Aldridge. Man werde während der Entwicklung und der Tests mit konstruierten und einigen - aus Sicht der Datenschützer unbedenklichen - realen Informationen arbeiten. Zu denken gibt jedoch Aldriges Antwort auf die Frage, warum so viel Geld für die Entwicklung von Übersetzungssoftware eingeplant ist: Damit man Datenbanken in anderen Sprachen nutzen könne - sofern man auf sie rechtmäßigen Zugriff bekommt."
  5. Bath, P.A.: Data mining in health and medical information (2003) 0.00
    0.0044649467 = product of:
      0.02678968 = sum of:
        0.02678968 = weight(_text_:information in 4263) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.02678968 = score(doc=4263,freq=10.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.3469568 = fieldWeight in 4263, product of:
              3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                10.0 = termFreq=10.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4263)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    Data mining (DM) is part of a process by which information can be extracted from data or databases and used to inform decision making in a variety of contexts (Benoit, 2002; Michalski, Bratka & Kubat, 1997). DM includes a range of tools and methods for extractiog information; their use in the commercial sector for knowledge extraction and discovery has been one of the main driving forces in their development (Adriaans & Zantinge, 1996; Benoit, 2002). DM has been developed and applied in numerous areas. This review describes its use in analyzing health and medical information.
    Source
    Annual review of information science and technology. 38(2004), S.331-370
  6. Lam, W.; Yang, C.C.; Menczer, F.: Introduction to the special topic section on mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval (2007) 0.00
    0.004279716 = product of:
      0.025678296 = sum of:
        0.025678296 = weight(_text_:information in 600) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.025678296 = score(doc=600,freq=12.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.3325631 = fieldWeight in 600, product of:
              3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                12.0 = termFreq=12.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=600)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    The amount of information on the Web has been expanding at an enormous pace. There are a variety of Web documents in different genres, such as news, reports, reviews. Traditionally, the information displayed on Web sites has been static. Recently, there are many Web sites offering content that is dynamically generated and frequently updated. It is also common for Web sites to contain information in different languages since many countries adopt more than one language. Moreover, content may exist in multimedia formats including text, images, video, and audio.
    Footnote
    Einführung in einen Themenschwerpunkt "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1791-1792
  7. Chen, S.Y.; Liu, X.: ¬The contribution of data mining to information science : making sense of it all (2005) 0.00
    0.0042358204 = product of:
      0.025414921 = sum of:
        0.025414921 = weight(_text_:information in 4655) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.025414921 = score(doc=4655,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.3291521 = fieldWeight in 4655, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4655)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Source
    Journal of information science. 30(2005) no.6, S.550-
  8. Budzik, J.; Hammond, K.J.; Birnbaum, L.: Information access in context (2001) 0.00
    0.0034943735 = product of:
      0.020966241 = sum of:
        0.020966241 = weight(_text_:information in 3835) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.020966241 = score(doc=3835,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.27153665 = fieldWeight in 3835, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3835)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
  9. Chen, H.; Chau, M.: Web mining : machine learning for Web applications (2003) 0.00
    0.00334871 = product of:
      0.02009226 = sum of:
        0.02009226 = weight(_text_:information in 4242) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.02009226 = score(doc=4242,freq=10.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.2602176 = fieldWeight in 4242, product of:
              3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                10.0 = termFreq=10.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4242)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    With more than two billion pages created by millions of Web page authors and organizations, the World Wide Web is a tremendously rich knowledge base. The knowledge comes not only from the content of the pages themselves, but also from the unique characteristics of the Web, such as its hyperlink structure and its diversity of content and languages. Analysis of these characteristics often reveals interesting patterns and new knowledge. Such knowledge can be used to improve users' efficiency and effectiveness in searching for information an the Web, and also for applications unrelated to the Web, such as support for decision making or business management. The Web's size and its unstructured and dynamic content, as well as its multilingual nature, make the extraction of useful knowledge a challenging research problem. Furthermore, the Web generates a large amount of data in other formats that contain valuable information. For example, Web server logs' information about user access patterns can be used for information personalization or improving Web page design.
    Source
    Annual review of information science and technology. 38(2004), S.289-330
  10. Ku, L.-W.; Chen, H.-H.: Mining opinions from the Web : beyond relevance retrieval (2007) 0.00
    0.0033018726 = product of:
      0.019811235 = sum of:
        0.019811235 = weight(_text_:information in 605) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.019811235 = score(doc=605,freq=14.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.256578 = fieldWeight in 605, product of:
              3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
                14.0 = termFreq=14.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=605)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    Documents discussing public affairs, common themes, interesting products, and so on, are reported and distributed on the Web. Positive and negative opinions embedded in documents are useful references and feedbacks for governments to improve their services, for companies to market their products, and for customers to purchase their objects. Web opinion mining aims to extract, summarize, and track various aspects of subjective information on the Web. Mining subjective information enables traditional information retrieval (IR) systems to retrieve more data from human viewpoints and provide information with finer granularity. Opinion extraction identifies opinion holders, extracts the relevant opinion sentences, and decides their polarities. Opinion summarization recognizes the major events embedded in documents and summarizes the supportive and the nonsupportive evidence. Opinion tracking captures subjective information from various genres and monitors the developments of opinions from spatial and temporal dimensions. To demonstrate and evaluate the proposed opinion mining algorithms, news and bloggers' articles are adopted. Documents in the evaluation corpora are tagged in different granularities from words, sentences to documents. In the experiments, positive and negative sentiment words and their weights are mined on the basis of Chinese word structures. The f-measure is 73.18% and 63.75% for verbs and nouns, respectively. Utilizing the sentiment words mined together with topical words, we achieve f-measure 62.16% at the sentence level and 74.37% at the document level.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenschwerpunktes "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1838-1850
  11. Wu, T.; Pottenger, W.M.: ¬A semi-supervised active learning algorithm for information extraction from textual data (2005) 0.00
    0.0030569402 = product of:
      0.01834164 = sum of:
        0.01834164 = weight(_text_:information in 3237) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.01834164 = score(doc=3237,freq=12.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.23754507 = fieldWeight in 3237, product of:
              3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                12.0 = termFreq=12.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3237)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    In this article we present a semi-supervised active learning algorithm for pattern discovery in information extraction from textual data. The patterns are reduced regular expressions composed of various characteristics of features useful in information extraction. Our major contribution is a semi-supervised learning algorithm that extracts information from a set of examples labeled as relevant or irrelevant to a given attribute. The approach is semi-supervised because it does not require precise labeling of the exact location of features in the training data. This significantly reduces the effort needed to develop a training set. An active learning algorithm is used to assist the semi-supervised learning algorithm to further reduce the training set development effort. The active learning algorithm is seeded with a Single positive example of a given attribute. The context of the seed is used to automatically identify candidates for additional positive examples of the given attribute. Candidate examples are manually pruned during the active learning phase, and our semi-supervised learning algorithm automatically discovers reduced regular expressions for each attribute. We have successfully applied this learning technique in the extraction of textual features from police incident reports, university crime reports, and patents. The performance of our algorithm compares favorably with competitive extraction systems being used in criminal justice information systems.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.3, S.258-271
  12. Baeza-Yates, R.; Hurtado, C.; Mendoza, M.: Improving search engines by query clustering (2007) 0.00
    0.0030262163 = product of:
      0.018157298 = sum of:
        0.018157298 = weight(_text_:information in 601) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.018157298 = score(doc=601,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.23515764 = fieldWeight in 601, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=601)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    In this paper, we present a framework for clustering Web search engine queries whose aim is to identify groups of queries used to search for similar information on the Web. The framework is based on a novel term vector model of queries that integrates user selections and the content of selected documents extracted from the logs of a search engine. The query representation obtained allows us to treat query clustering similarly to standard document clustering. We study the application of the clustering framework to two problems: relevance ranking boosting and query recommendation. Finally, we evaluate with experiments the effectiveness of our approach.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenschwerpunktes "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1793-1804
  13. Zhou, L.; Chaovalit, P.: Ontology-supported polarity mining (2008) 0.00
    0.0030262163 = product of:
      0.018157298 = sum of:
        0.018157298 = weight(_text_:information in 1343) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.018157298 = score(doc=1343,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.23515764 = fieldWeight in 1343, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1343)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    Polarity mining provides an in-depth analysis of semantic orientations of text information. Motivated by its success in the area of topic mining, we propose an ontology-supported polarity mining (OSPM) approach. The approach aims to enhance polarity mining with ontology by providing detailed topic-specific information. OSPM was evaluated in the movie review domain using both supervised and unsupervised techniques. Results revealed that OSPM outperformed the baseline method without ontology support. The findings of this study not only advance the state of polarity mining research but also shed light on future research directions.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.1, S.98-110
  14. Perugini, S.; Ramakrishnan, N.: Mining Web functional dependencies for flexible information access (2007) 0.00
    0.0029951772 = product of:
      0.017971063 = sum of:
        0.017971063 = weight(_text_:information in 602) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.017971063 = score(doc=602,freq=8.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.23274569 = fieldWeight in 602, product of:
              2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                8.0 = termFreq=8.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=602)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    We present an approach to enhancing information access through Web structure mining in contrast to traditional approaches involving usage mining. Specifically, we mine the hardwired hierarchical hyperlink structure of Web sites to identify patterns of term-term co-occurrences we call Web functional dependencies (FDs). Intuitively, a Web FD x -> y declares that all paths through a site involving a hyperlink labeled x also contain a hyperlink labeled y. The complete set of FDs satisfied by a site help characterize (flexible and expressive) interaction paradigms supported by a site, where a paradigm is the set of explorable sequences therein. We describe algorithms for mining FDs and results from mining several hierarchical Web sites and present several interface designs that can exploit such FDs to provide compelling user experiences.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenschwerpunktes "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1805-1819
  15. Shi, X.; Yang, C.C.: Mining related queries from Web search engine query logs using an improved association rule mining model (2007) 0.00
    0.0027905914 = product of:
      0.016743548 = sum of:
        0.016743548 = weight(_text_:information in 597) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.016743548 = score(doc=597,freq=10.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.21684799 = fieldWeight in 597, product of:
              3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                10.0 = termFreq=10.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=597)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    With the overwhelming volume of information, the task of finding relevant information on a given topic on the Web is becoming increasingly difficult. Web search engines hence become one of the most popular solutions available on the Web. However, it has never been easy for novice users to organize and represent their information needs using simple queries. Users have to keep modifying their input queries until they get expected results. Therefore, it is often desirable for search engines to give suggestions on related queries to users. Besides, by identifying those related queries, search engines can potentially perform optimizations on their systems, such as query expansion and file indexing. In this work we propose a method that suggests a list of related queries given an initial input query. The related queries are based in the query log of previously submitted queries by human users, which can be identified using an enhanced model of association rules. Users can utilize the suggested related queries to tune or redirect the search process. Our method not only discovers the related queries, but also ranks them according to the degree of their relatedness. Unlike many other rival techniques, it also performs reasonably well on less frequent input queries.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenschwerpunktes "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1871-1883
  16. Benoit, G.: Data mining (2002) 0.00
    0.0025938996 = product of:
      0.015563398 = sum of:
        0.015563398 = weight(_text_:information in 4296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.015563398 = score(doc=4296,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.20156369 = fieldWeight in 4296, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4296)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    Data mining (DM) is a multistaged process of extracting previously unanticipated knowledge from large databases, and applying the results to decision making. Data mining tools detect patterns from the data and infer associations and rules from them. The extracted information may then be applied to prediction or classification models by identifying relations within the data records or between databases. Those patterns and rules can then guide decision making and forecast the effects of those decisions. However, this definition may be applied equally to "knowledge discovery in databases" (KDD). Indeed, in the recent literature of DM and KDD, a source of confusion has emerged, making it difficult to determine the exact parameters of both. KDD is sometimes viewed as the broader discipline, of which data mining is merely a component-specifically pattern extraction, evaluation, and cleansing methods (Raghavan, Deogun, & Sever, 1998, p. 397). Thurasingham (1999, p. 2) remarked that "knowledge discovery," "pattern discovery," "data dredging," "information extraction," and "knowledge mining" are all employed as synonyms for DM. Trybula, in his ARIST chapter an text mining, observed that the "existing work [in KDD] is confusing because the terminology is inconsistent and poorly defined.
    Source
    Annual review of information science and technology. 36(2002), S.265-312
  17. Li, J.; Zhang, P.; Cao, J.: External concept support for group support systems through Web mining (2009) 0.00
    0.0025938996 = product of:
      0.015563398 = sum of:
        0.015563398 = weight(_text_:information in 2806) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.015563398 = score(doc=2806,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.20156369 = fieldWeight in 2806, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2806)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    External information plays an important role in group decision-making processes, yet research about external information support for Group Support Systems (GSS) has been lacking. In this study, we propose an approach to build a concept space to provide external concept support for GSS users. Built on a Web mining algorithm, the approach can mine a concept space from the Web and retrieve related concepts from the concept space based on users' comments in a real-time manner. We conduct two experiments to evaluate the quality of the proposed approach and the effectiveness of the external concept support provided by this approach. The experiment results indicate that the concept space mined from the Web contained qualified concepts to stimulate divergent thinking. The results also demonstrate that external concept support in GSS greatly enhanced group productivity for idea generation tasks.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.5, S.1057-1070
  18. Liu, Y.; Zhang, M.; Cen, R.; Ru, L.; Ma, S.: Data cleansing for Web information retrieval using query independent features (2007) 0.00
    0.002495981 = product of:
      0.014975886 = sum of:
        0.014975886 = weight(_text_:information in 607) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.014975886 = score(doc=607,freq=8.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.19395474 = fieldWeight in 607, product of:
              2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                8.0 = termFreq=8.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=607)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    Understanding what kinds of Web pages are the most useful for Web search engine users is a critical task in Web information retrieval (IR). Most previous works used hyperlink analysis algorithms to solve this problem. However, little research has been focused on query-independent Web data cleansing for Web IR. In this paper, we first provide analysis of the differences between retrieval target pages and ordinary ones based on more than 30 million Web pages obtained from both the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) and a widely used Chinese search engine, SOGOU (www.sogou.com). We further propose a learning-based data cleansing algorithm for reducing Web pages that are unlikely to be useful for user requests. We found that there exists a large proportion of low-quality Web pages in both the English and the Chinese Web page corpus, and retrieval target pages can be identified using query-independent features and cleansing algorithms. The experimental results showed that our algorithm is effective in reducing a large portion of Web pages with a small loss in retrieval target pages. It makes it possible for Web IR tools to meet a large fraction of users' needs with only a small part of pages on the Web. These results may help Web search engines make better use of their limited storage and computation resources to improve search performance.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenschwerpunktes "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1884-1898
  19. Wang, F.L.; Yang, C.C.: Mining Web data for Chinese segmentation (2007) 0.00
    0.0021615832 = product of:
      0.0129694985 = sum of:
        0.0129694985 = weight(_text_:information in 604) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0129694985 = score(doc=604,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.16796975 = fieldWeight in 604, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=604)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    Modern information retrieval systems use keywords within documents as indexing terms for search of relevant documents. As Chinese is an ideographic character-based language, the words in the texts are not delimited by white spaces. Indexing of Chinese documents is impossible without a proper segmentation algorithm. Many Chinese segmentation algorithms have been proposed in the past. Traditional segmentation algorithms cannot operate without a large dictionary or a large corpus of training data. Nowadays, the Web has become the largest corpus that is ideal for Chinese segmentation. Although most search engines have problems in segmenting texts into proper words, they maintain huge databases of documents and frequencies of character sequences in the documents. Their databases are important potential resources for segmentation. In this paper, we propose a segmentation algorithm by mining Web data with the help of search engines. On the other hand, the Romanized pinyin of Chinese language indicates boundaries of words in the text. Our algorithm is the first to utilize the Romanized pinyin to segmentation. It is the first unified segmentation algorithm for the Chinese language from different geographical areas, and it is also domain independent because of the nature of the Web. Experiments have been conducted on the datasets of a recent Chinese segmentation competition. The results show that our algorithm outperforms the traditional algorithms in terms of precision and recall. Moreover, our algorithm can effectively deal with the problems of segmentation ambiguity, new word (unknown word) detection, and stop words.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenschwerpunktes "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1820-1837
  20. Liu, Y.; Huang, X.; An, A.: Personalized recommendation with adaptive mixture of markov models (2007) 0.00
    0.0021615832 = product of:
      0.0129694985 = sum of:
        0.0129694985 = weight(_text_:information in 606) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0129694985 = score(doc=606,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.0772133 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.043984205 = queryNorm
            0.16796975 = fieldWeight in 606, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=606)
      0.16666667 = coord(1/6)
    
    Abstract
    With more and more information available on the Internet, the task of making personalized recommendations to assist the user's navigation has become increasingly important. Considering there might be millions of users with different backgrounds accessing a Web site everyday, it is infeasible to build a separate recommendation system for each user. To address this problem, clustering techniques can first be employed to discover user groups. Then, user navigation patterns for each group can be discovered, to allow the adaptation of a Web site to the interest of each individual group. In this paper, we propose to model user access sequences as stochastic processes, and a mixture of Markov models based approach is taken to cluster users and to capture the sequential relationships inherent in user access histories. Several important issues that arise in constructing the Markov models are also addressed. The first issue lies in the complexity of the mixture of Markov models. To improve the efficiency of building/maintaining the mixture of Markov models, we develop a lightweight adapt-ive algorithm to update the model parameters without recomputing model parameters from scratch. The second issue concerns the proper selection of training data for building the mixture of Markov models. We investigate two different training data selection strategies and perform extensive experiments to compare their effectiveness on a real dataset that is generated by a Web-based knowledge management system, Livelink.
    Footnote
    Beitrag eines Themenschwerpunktes "Mining Web resources for enhancing information retrieval"
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.12, S.1851-1870