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Popst, H.; Croissant, C.R.: ¬The development of descriptive cataloging in Germany (2002)
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- Abstract
- This article discusses the development of descriptive cataloging in Germany and the evolution of cataloging principles. The Instruktionen für die alphabetischen Kataloge der preußischen Bibliotheken (Instructions for the Alphabetic Catalogs of the Prussian Libraries, known as the Prussian Instructions, or PI, for short) were published in 1899. The so-called Berliner Anweisungen ("Berlin Instructions," Instructions for the Alphabetic Catalog in Public Libraries) appeared in 1938. Discussion for reform of cataloging rules began in the 1950s and received impetus from the International Conference on Cataloging Principles in Paris in 1961 and from the International Meeting of Cataloging Experts in Copenhagen in 1969. Preliminary drafts of the new Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung, RAK (Rules for Descriptive Cataloging) were issued between 1969 and 1976; the complete edition of the RAK was published in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) in 1976 and in a slightly different version in 1977 for the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). A version for academic libraries appeared in 1983, followed by a version for public libraries in 1986. Between 1987 and 1997, supplementary rules for special categories of materials were published.
- Type
- a
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Lubetzky, S.: Principles of cataloging (2001)
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- Abstract
- This report constitutes Phase I of a two-part study; a Phase II report will discuss subject cataloging. Phase I is concerned with the materials of a library as individual records (or documents) and as representations of certain works by certain authors--that is, with descriptive, or bibliographic, cataloging. Discussed in the report are (1) the history, role, function, and oblectives .of the author-and-title catalog; (2) problems and principles of descriptive catalogng, including the use and function of "main entry, the principle of authorship, and the process and problems of cataloging print and nonprint materials; (3) organization of the catalog; and (4) potentialities of automation. The considerations inherent in bibliographic cataloging, such as the distinction between the "book" and the "work," are said to be so elemental that they are essential not only to the effective control of library's materials but also to that of the information contained in the materials. Because of the special concern with information, the author includes a discussion of the "Bibliographic Dimensions of Information Control," 'prepared in collaboration with Robert M. Hayes, which also appears in "American Documentation," VOl.201 July 1969, p. 247-252.
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Denton, W.: FRBR and the history of cataloging (2007)
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- Abstract
- An explanation of where FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) comes from, given by a look at the work of librarians such as Panizzi, Cutter, Ranganathan, and Lubetzky, and an examination of four themes in the history of library cataloging: the use of axioms to explain the purpose of catalogs, the importance of user needs, the idea of the "work," and standardization and internationalization.
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- a
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Understanding FRBR : what it is and how it will affect our retrieval tools (2007)
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- Abstract
- An overview of the FRBR model, and how it can improve access to information through the helpful organization of metadata records. What is FRBR, and why is everyone talking about it? Is it really going to revolutionize cataloguing? And if so, what form will it take? This book is written for librarians, bibliographic systems designers, library and information science faculty and students, and anyone else who is interested in learning about the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) and how following the FRBR model can improve access to information through helpful organization of the metadata records that are surrogates for information resources. Serials, art, music, moving images, maps, and archival materials are just a few of the formats covered. Not for catalogers only!
- Footnote
- Resonanz: "Arlene Taylor and her compadres don't even try to teach you how to construct a hierarchical record. Instead, they direct their efforts toward showcasing what's possible when digital technology and traditional cataloging practice meet. This is the future of cataloging." - Library Media Connection "The emergence of this textbook is testimony to the breadth and depth of work done to date. It documents much of that work, and provides a good basic introduction to FRBR that is broadly understandable... The relational concepts within FRBR are complicated and can be challenging. This book does a good job of illuminating them in a straightforward manner. It also describes how the application of the FRBR concepts could improve our systems of bibliographic access in very specific ways... For those of us that really want or need to be able to predict the impact that FRBR will have on our work, this is an accessible explanation of the current state of the art. As such it is a real contribution to our understanding." - TechKNOW "Understanding FRBR... features chapters contributed by leading authorities in the cataloging field... It offers a basic introduction to FRBR, discussions about FRBR, FRAD (functional requirements for authority data), and RDA (resource description and access), and the issues involved in using FRBR in nontraditional library settings such as with cartographic materials and music. Both books are well illustrated and include numerous bibliographical resources.' [Reviewed in conjuntion with FRBR: A Guide for the Perplexed]." - Library Journal "Taylor and her contributors cover FRBR and introduce the reader to FRAD as well... All chapters conclude with current and useful references to further reading and more information." - Booklist "Understanding FRBR is clearly written, well illustrated (many of the concepts are clarified by very helpful diagrams), and well indexed; additionally, chapters feature extensive bibliographies, many of which provide URLs to the IFLA groups' documents. While it may seem that this book is of interest only to catalogers, the application of FRBR will change the structure of catalog and the systems used to store and display it; therefore, it is an important text for systems librarians, reference librarians, and anybody else interested in the future of the organization and display of bibliographic information." - College & Research Libraries "Understanding FRBR is a useful and timely book that brings together recent developments in FRBR and offers several assessments of it." - Technicalities "No cataloguer, bibliographic systems designer or library and information science lecturers and students should be without this book. It is a useful resource in acquiring an understanding of what FRBR is about and how it will change the way in which cataloguers will think about cataloguing in future." - The Electronic Library
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Smiraglia, R.P.: ¬The history of "The Work" in the modern catalog (2003)
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- Abstract
- From a historical perspective, one could consider the modern library catalog to be that bibliographical apparatus that stretches at least from Thomas Hyde's catalog for the Bodleian Library at Oxford to the near present. Mai and other recent authors have suggested postmodern approaches to knowledge organization. In these, we realize that there is no single and unique order of knowledge or documents but rather there are many appropriate orders, all of them contextually dependent. Works (oeuvres, opera, Werke, etc.), as are musical works, literary works, works of art, etc., are and always have been key entities for information retrieval. Yet catalogs in the modern era were designed to inventory (first) and retrieve (second) specific documents. From Hyde's catalog for the Bodleian until the late twentieth century, developments are epistemologically pragmatic--reflected in the structure of catalog records, in the rules for main entry headings, and in the rules for filing in card catalogs. After 1980 developments become empirical-reflected in research conducted by Tillett, Yee, Smiraglia, Leazer, Carlyle, and Vellucci. The influence of empiricism on the pragmatic notion of "the work" has led to increased focus on the concept of the work. The challenge for the postmodern online catalog is to fully embrace the concept of "the work," finally to facilitate it as a prime objective for information retrieval.
- Type
- a
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Smiraglia, R.P.: ¬The history of "The Work" in the modern catalog (2003)
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- Abstract
- From a historical perspective, one could consider the modern library catalog to be that bibliographical apparatus that stretches at least from Thomas Hyde's catalog for the Bodleian Library at Oxford to the near present. Mai and other recent authors have suggested postmodern approaches to knowledge organization. In these, we realize that there is no single and unique order of knowledge or documents but rather there are many appropriate orders, all of them contextually dependent. Works (oeuvres, opera, Werke, etc.), as are musical works, literary works, works of art, etc., are and always have been key entities for information retrieval. Yet catalogs in the modern era were designed to inventory (first) and retrieve (second) specific documents. From Hyde's catalog for the Bodleian until the late twentieth century, developments are epistemologically pragmatic--reflected in the structure of catalog records, in the rules for main entry headings, and in the rules for filing in card catalogs. After 1980 developments become empirical-reflected in research conducted by Tillett, Yee, Smiraglia, Leazer, Carlyle, and Vellucci. The influence of empiricism on the pragmatic notion of "the work" has led to increased focus on the concept of the work. The challenge for the postmodern online catalog is to fully embrace the concept of "the work," finally to facilitate it as a prime objective for information retrieval.
- Type
- a
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Soltani, P.: Historical aspects of cataloging and classification in Iran (2002)
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- Abstract
- This article consists of three parts: (1) Introduction, (2) Cataloging and classification of manuscripts, and (3) Cataloging and classification of printed matters in Iran. In the introduction, after a short review of Iranian libraries, the historical background of Fihrist is touched upon. In the second section, the historical development of cataloging of manuscripts is discussed, emphasising the catalogs of manuscripts of the Parliament, Astani Qods, and the National Library as examples. In the third section, the history of cataloging and classification of printed books in modern times is reviewed: This event was initiated in Iran through formal and informal courses taught mainly by foreign lecturers. The initiation of the MLS degree at the University of Tehran and the establishment of TEBROC paved the way for standard rules and methods. With the amalgamation of TEBROC in the National Library, modern ways and means were developed more rapidly, hence computerization of cataloging, CIP, and IRANMARC.
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Takawashi, T.: Cataloging in Japan : relationship between Japanese and Western cataloging rules (2002)
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- Abstract
- In 1943 the Japanese League of Young Librarians published Nippon Catalog Rules (NCR1942) based on ALA 1908, and adopted the author main-entry system for Japanese and Western materials. After World War II, the Japan Library Association (JLA) compiled and published NCR1952, based on ALA 1949 and LC 1949 but maintained the author main-entry system. The main-entry system was then replaced by an alternative heading method, which came to be known as the Description-Independent-System (DIS). NCR1965 adopted the main entry principle, which was based on the Paris Principles of 1961. NCR1977 was compiled and published by the JLA Cataloging Committee and based upon a "no-main-entry principle." Then in 1987, the Committee published the standard edition of the rules, which was completely compatible with the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD). NCR1987R was published in 1994 and NCR1987R01 in 2001, which included revised "Chapter 9: Computer Files," devised according to ISBD(ER).
- Type
- a
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Mutula, S.M.; Tsvakai, M.: Historical perspectives of cataloguing and classification in Africa (2002)
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Bianchini, C.; Guerrini, M.: From bibliographic models to cataloguing rules : remarks on FRBR, ICP, ISBD, and RDA and the relationships between them (2009)
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Umstätter, W.: Bibliographie, Kataloge, Suchmaschinen : Das Ende der Dokumentation als modernes Bibliothekswesen (2005)
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Buizza, P.: Bibliographic control and authority control from Paris principles to the present (2004)
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Mulsow, M.: Jede, Autor seine Maske : Die Bibliothek als Theater: Vincentius Placcius erfindet 1708 das Karteikastensystem (2002)
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Schrettinger, M.: Handbuch der Bibliothek-Wissenschaft besonders zum Gebrauch der Nicht-Bibliothekare, welche ihre Privat-Büchersammlungen selbst einrichten wollen : Auch als Leitfaden zu Vorlesungen über die Bibliothek-Wissenschaft zu gebrauchen (2003)
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- Footnote
- Schrettinger beschreibt hier das bis zum heutigen Tag im Kern nicht befriedigend geklärte grundsätzliche Problem einer einheitlich gehandhabten intellektuellen sachlichen Erschließung von Literatur. Es ist dabei nicht so, dass Schrettinger sich andererseits der Gefahr dieses ganz auf die Person des Bearbeiters zugeschnittenen Arbeitens nicht bewusst gewesen wäre, stellt er sich doch selbst die Frage: »Aber wie wird es dann um die Fortsetzung und Vollendung dieser weitaussehenden Arbeit stehen, wenn das einzige dazu verwendete Individuum altersschwach werden oder sterben sollte?« Im Falle von Schrettingers Realkatalog beschloss die Leitung der Münchner Hof- und Staatsbibliothek nach seinem Tod im Jahre 1851 das Vorhaben einzustellen und den Realkatalog nicht weiterzuführen. Der älteste Schlagwortkatalog der WeIt, durch den Schrettinger in »dritter Potencierung« am liebsten auch noch die unselbstständig erschienenen Aufsätze und Abhandlungen erschlossen hätte, blieb ein Torso, der allerdings noch heute für Recherchen nach Literatur des 16. bis 18. Jahrhunderts benutzt wird. Gerade an diesem Umstand lässt sich erkennen, wie zukunftsweisend Schrettingers Denken und Wirken war. Dies gilt im Übrigen auch für seine in seinem Handbuch geäußerten und womöglich bald schon wieder aktuellen Forderungen nach eigenen Bibliotheksbauten, festen finanziellen Etats sowie speziell ausgebildeten,fest angestellten Berufsbibliothekaren: »Ein wahrer Bibliothekar muß nämlich a) das ganze Reich der Wissenschaften und Künste mit gleicher Liebe umfassen; er darf also durchaus kein Fach vorzüglich begünstigen; b) seine ganze Geisteskraft und Zeit (mit Ausnahme der zur Erhaltung seiner Gesundheit nöthigen Erholungsstunden) mit völliger Verzichtleistung auf literarische Privat=Arbeiten, der Bearbeitung und Verwaltung der Bibliothek weihen.« Kann man es schöner formulieren?"
-
Battles, M.: ¬Die Welt der Bücher : eine Geschichte der Bibliothek (2007)
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- Content
- "Panizzi wurde 1837 zum Verwalter der gedruckten Bücher ernannt; sieben Jahre später war gerade der erste Band des Katalogs erschienen, der den Buchstaben A behandelte. Nicht jeder war erfreut darüber. »Den krapriziösen und exotischen Launen eines Bibliothekars ... sollte es nicht gestattet sein, ... den Fortschritt eines praktischen Katalogs aufzuhalten«, schrieb ein gewisser Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas, ein gebildeter Gentleman mit einer Vorliebe für Schiffsgeschichte. Im Spectator veröffentlichte er ein Reihe von Artikeln, in denen er den neuen Katalog von 1846 verurteilte. Außerdem äußerte er, Panizzis Katalog sei »nach einem so abstrusen System aufgebaut, dass für seine Erstellung 91 Regeln vonnöten waren; die meisten davon, wenn nicht sogar alle, müssen auswendig gelernt werden, bevor irgendjemand auch nur erahnen kann, unter welcher Rubrik selbst das gewöhnlichste Buch in unserer Sprache zu finden ist.« Zu Beginn des Projektes hatte Panizzi entschieden, die Bibliotheksnummer jedes Buches in den entsprechenden Katalogeintrag aufzunehmen. Wie eine Standnummer von Büchern in einer modernen Bibliothek gab die Bibliotheksnummer genau den Standort an, an dem das Buch in den Fächern der Bibliotheksregale zu finden war. Anders als die modernen Standnummern aber bezogen sich die Bibliotheksnummern nicht auf einen Wissensbereich, sondern auf einen Ort; sie sind keine Klassifizierungen, sondern nur Koordinaten." (S.152/153)
