Search (95 results, page 5 of 5)

  • × theme_ss:"Information"
  • × year_i:[1980 TO 1990}
  1. Meyer, J.: ¬Die Verwendung hierarchisch strukturierter Sprachnetzwerke zur redundanzarmen Codierung von Texten (1989) 0.00 
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    Theme
    Information
  2. Späth, L.: Wende in die Zukunft : die Bundesrepublik Deutschland auf dem Weg in die Informationsgesellschaft (1985) 0.00 
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  3. Roszak, T.: ¬Der Verlust des Denkens : über die Mythen des Computer-Zeitalters (1986) 0.00 
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    Content
    Enthält die Kapitel: (1) 'Information please' (2) Die Datenhändler (3) Der heimliche Lehrplan (4) Das Programm im Programm (5) Von Ideen und Daten (6) Computer und die reine Vernunft (7) Der Computer und die Gegenkultur (8) Die Informationspolitik (9) In den falschen Händen (10) Descartes' Engel
    Footnote
    Original u.d.T.: The cult of information (1st ed.:1986; 2nd ed.: 1994)
    Theme
    Information
  4. Marchionini, G.: Information-seeking strategies of novices using a full-text electronic encyclopedia (1989) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    An exploratory study was conducted of elementary school children searching a full-text electronic encyclopedia on CD-ROM. 28 third and forth graders and 24 sixth graders conducted 2 assigned searches, one open-ended, the other one closed, after 2 demonstration sessions. Keystrokes captured by the computer and observer notes were used to examine user information-seeking strategies from a mental model perspective. Older searchers were more successful in finding required information, and took less time than younger searchers. No differences in total number of moves were found. Analysis of search patterns showed that novices used a heuristic, highly interactive search strategy. Searchers used sentence and phrase queries, indicating unique mental models for this search system. Most searchers accepted system defaults and used the AND connective in formulating queries. Transition matrix analysis showed that younger searchers generally favoured query refining moves and older searchers fovoured examining title and text moves. Suggestions for system designers were made and future research questions were identified
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 40(1989) no.1, S.54-66
    Theme
    Information
  5. Weingarten, R.: ¬Die Verkabelung der Sprache : Grenzen der Technisierung von Kommunikation (1989) 0.00 
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    LCSH
    Information technology
    Subject
    Information technology
    Theme
    Information
  6. Gombrich, E.H.: Symmetrie, Wahrnehmung und künstlerische Gestaltung (1988) 0.00 
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    Information
  7. Chaitin, G.J.: Algorithmic information theory (1987) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Chaitin, the inventor of algorithmic information theory, presents in this book the strongest possible version of Gödel's incompleteness theorem, using an information theoretic approach based on the size of computer programs. One half of the book is concerned with studying the halting probability of a universal computer if its program is chosen by tossing a coin. The other half is concerned with encoding the halting probability as an algebraic equation in integers, a so-called exponential diophantine equation.
    Theme
    Information
  8. Atran, S.: Basic conceptual domains (1989) 0.00 
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  9. Gebhardt, F.: Semantisches Wissen in Datenbanken : ein Literaturbericht (1987) 0.00 
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  10. Holenstein, E.: Symmetrie und Symmetriebruch in der Sprache (1988) 0.00 
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  11. Piekara, F.H.: Wie idiosynkratisch ist Wissen? : Individuelle Unterschiede im Assoziieren und bei der Anlage und Nutzung von Informationssystemen (1988) 0.00 
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  12. Dole, J.A.; Sinatra, G.M.: Reconceptualizing change in the cognitive construction of knowledge (1989) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    A major contribution of cognitive psychology has been the conceptualization of knowledge as memory representations in the form of scripts, frames, or schemata (Anderson & Pearson, 1984; Rumelhart & Ortony, 1977; Shank & Abelson, 1977; Spiro, 1980). Schemata are defined as "packets of integrated information on various topics" (Hunt, 1993 , p.530). Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, cognitive psychologists were interested in describing the nature of these packets of information. Spiro (1980 ) demonstrated the constructive and complex nature of schemata and highlighted contextual factors--including tasks, texts, and situational contexts--that influenced how knowledge is organized in memory. Recently, cognitive researchers have come to view knowledge and schemata as multidimensional (Jetton, Rupley, & Willson, 1995). For example, researchers have differentiated novice and experts' knowledge structures in subject-matter domains (Chase & Simon, 1973; Chi, Glaser, & Rees, 1982; Larkin, McDermott, Simon, & Simon, 1981; Voss, Greene, Post, & Penner, 1983). Researchers have examined discourse knowledge--knowledge about language and how it works (McCutchen, 1986). Another aspect of knowledge that has been extensively studied is strategic knowledge--knowledge about procedures for accomplishing a goal or task (Alexander & Judy, 1988; J. R. Anderson, 1983a; Prawat, 1989).
    Until recently, questions about the nature of knowledge and its representation have received far more theoretical and research attention than have questions about how individuals acquire knowledge. Piaget distinguished himself as a notable exception to his contemporaries in that he spent his life studying knowledge acquisition. He described two processes involved in acquisition. He used the term assimilation for the addition of information to existing knowledge structures and accommodation for the modification or change of existing knowledge structures (Piaget, 1985). More recently, these views of knowledge acquisition are well captured by the perspective of cognitive constructivism (Cobb, 1994). Constructivism places prime importance on the individual's active role in the knowledge acquisition process. Researchers after Piaget fine-tuned the constructs of assimilation and accommodation. Schema theorists used the term accretion for the assimilation of new factual information that fits into existing knowledge structures (Rumelhart & Norman, 1981). Cognitive psychologists described various mechanisms of knowledge acquisition, such as addition, deletion, discrimination, and generalization (Chi, 1992).
    Theme
    Information
  13. Hayward, J.W.: Shifting worlds, changing minds : where the sciences and Buddhism meet (1987) 0.00 
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  14. Glasersfeld, E. von: Wissen, Sprache und Wirklichkeit : Arbeiten zum radikalen Konstruktivismus (1987) 0.00 
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  15. Caglioti, G.: Symmetriebrechung und Wahrnehmung : Beispiele aus der Erfahrungswelt (1983) 0.00 
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