Search (23 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

The virtual university environment provides librarians with new opportunities to contribute to the educational process. Building on the success of team-teaching a traditional liberal arts core course with composition and communications faculty, librarians and a communications professor worked together to integrate the Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL) Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education (2000) into the online environment. The resulting graduate-level course in multimedia literacy assembled faculty and curriculum resources normally untapped in traditional classrooms. All five information literacy standards covering need, access, evaluation, use and the social, economic, legal, and ethical issues surrounding information use were addressed. Readings and threaded discussions about intellectual property, fair use of copyrighted materials, the evaluation of free and fee-based Web information and Web page design and construction prepared students to work in groups to design and construct Web sites. Students also completed a capstone project in the form of individual Web portfolios, which demonstrated the information and multimedia principles they learned in the class. Assessment of information literacy skills occurred through the analysis of student discussion, evaluative annotations, Web site assignments, perception surveys, and a master's level comprehensive exam question. What was learned in this course will serve as a model for future collaborative partnerships in which faculty and librarians work together to ensure that students who learn from a distance truly master information literacy competencies.

Theme

Computer Based Training

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Abstract

Get the real-life perspective of professionals at the intersection of old ways and new technology in this book written by and for librarians. Information Literacy Programs: Successes and Challenges provides you with the viewpoints of librarians who have taken varying paths in their information literacy programs.

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.11, S.1238-1239 (D.A. Stirling): "Virtual reference services are becoming an important tool as librarians strive to stay current with patron's information demands. In 2001, the Washington State Library initiated the Statewide Virtual Reference Project (SVRP) to support electronic reference services throughout the state. An element of that project, termed "Anytime, Anywhere Answers," was designed to train librarians in the effective use of virtual reference services. The results of that project, including precautions and pitfalls, as well as the curriculum used in the project, are recounted in this book. The book begins with a short review of the Washington State experience with virtual reference training (VRT) and the means by which the guide can be used. The very first page begins with an example of a virtual reference session gone wrong and the authors set the tone for the remainder of the book, which decries the "Shazam! You're a virtual librarian" phenomenon. The second chapter provides a thorough overview of the Washington State SVRP, including planning elements, budgeting, convening of focus groups, and training development. Perhaps the most important information in this chapter is the identification of eight key skills, aptitudes, and knowledge critical in online environments: chat skills, online reference interview, internet searching, database searching, collaborative browsing, customizing scripts, methods for evaluating success, and coping with technical glitches. Building an the aforementioned eight key skills, Chapter Three of the book examines the "core competencies" needed for virtual reference. These 14 competencies are wide ranging and clearly demanding of the librarian training in VRT. In addition, the authors expound upon the eight key skills, aptitudes, and knowledge identified in Chapter Two. Constructivist learning, which has garnered controversy in recent years, was identified as the learning platform for Washington State's SVRP and is the subject of the book's fourth chapter. The authors explain why this learning Format was chosen-primarily because VRT developers felt that participants would learn better by reaching their own conclusions. In this case, constructivist learning involved virtual field trips, secret patron activities, and weekly chat meetings. The challenge of developing the SVRP is described in Chapter Five, with a focus an descriptions of in-person training, online training, and individual and collaborative learning. While earlier chapters discuss theory, practical issues involved in developing and maintaining a VRT program are the subject of Chapters Six through Nine. Important issues, such as curriculum development, training activities, online behavior, and post-program assessment, are examined in detail. Many of the issues examined in these chapters are those that information professionals are faced with an a regular basis. In discussing curriculum development, the authors describe the important questions that need to be asked, as well as important issues such as identifying and qualifying trainers and staff, course timing, determining curriculum efficacy, methods of training delivery, and methods of evaluation.
The real core of the SRVP, that is, the VRT training activities actually utilized by Washington State, are presented in Chapter Seven in roughly the same order as they took place in the course (train the trainer, orientation, chat practice, multitasking skills, virtual field trips, secret patron, transcript review, checking out the competition, policy and procedure review, sharing via a discussion list, and online meetings). Most interestingly, Chapter Eight deals with behavior, an issue rarely discussed in the context of librarianship, let alone providing reference services. As stated by the authors, "the most difficult aspect of digital reference service involves incorporating model reference interview techniques into an online transaction" (p. 74). The SVRP utilized an "online secret patron scenario" as a training tool that helped the student get the question straight, kept the customer informed, and provided the information required by the patron. The final chapter of the book reviews the important tasks of evaluation, modification, and follow-up. To that end, evaluative material is described and linked to Appendix A (assessment tools). In addition, evaluative tasks such as trainer debriefings and consultation with others participating in the SVRP are described. Finally, the chapter includes examples of unexpected consequences experienced in evaluating VRT services (from total inability to handle online transactions to poor marketing or branding of online services). Many useful appendices are included in this book. Appendix A provides examples of several assessment tools used during the "Anytime, Anywhere Answers" program. Appendix B consists of actual transcripts (edited) designed to illustrate good and bad virtual reference transactions. The transcripts illustrate transactions involving helping with homework, source citing, providing an opinion, suggesting print materials, and clarifying a question. This appendix should be required reading as it provides real-world examples of VRT in action. Appendix C is a copy of a VRT field trip questionnaire. The next appendix, like Appendix B, should be required reading as it includes an actual transcript from seven secret patron scenarios. A policies and procedures checklist is provided in Appendix E. Yet another critical source of information is presented in Appendix F, online meeting transcript. This transcript is the result of an online meeting conducted during a VRSP training class held in 2003. According to the authors, it is an example of the positive working relationship developed during a five-week learning course. The remaining appendices (G through 1) present information about support materials used in the VSRP, the VSRP budget, and trainer notes and tips. Clearly, VRT is a skill and resource that information professionals need to embrace, and this book does a fine job of outlining the essentials. It is apparent that the Washington State experience with VRT was a pioneering venture and is a model that other information professionals may seek to embrace, if not emulate, in developing their own VRT programs. However, this book is not a "complete guide" to VRT. There is too rapid development in virtual environments for any one to claim such an achievement. However, it is likely the most "complete" guide to the Washington State experience that will be published; therefore, this book should serve as a thorough and revelatory guide to VRT for several years to come."

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Content

Perspectives on the Tasks in which Information Behaviors Are Embedded (Barbara M. Wildemuth and Anthony Hughes) - Phenomenography (Louise Limberg) - Practice of Everyday Life (Paulette Rothbauer) - Principle of Least Effort (Donald O. Case) - Professions and Occupational Identities (Olof Sundin and Jenny Hedman) - Radical Change (Eliza T. Dresang) - Reader Response Theory (Catherine Sheldrick Ross) - Rounding and Dissonant Grounds (Paul Solomon) - Serious Leisure (Jenna Hartel) - Small-World Network Exploration (Lennart Björneborn) - Nan Lin's Theory of Social Capital (Catherine A. Johnson) - The Social Constructionist Viewpoint on Information Practices (Kimmo Tuominen, Sanna Talja, and Reijo Savolainen) - Social Positioning (Lisa M. Given) - The Socio-Cognitive Theory of Users Situated in Specific Contexts and Domains (Birger Hjoerland) - Strength of Weak Ties (Christopher M. Dixon) - Symbolic Violence (Steven Joyce) - Taylor's Information Use Environments (Ruth A. Palmquist) - Taylor's Question-Negotiation (Phillip M. Edwards) - Transtheoretical Model of the Health Behavior Change (C. Nadine Wathen and Roma M. Harris) - Value Sensitive Design (Batya Friedman and Nathan G. Freier) - Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (Lynne (E. E) McKechnie) - Web Information Behaviors of Organizational Workers (Brian Detlor) - Willingness to Return (Tammara Combs Turner and Joan C. Durrance) - Women's Ways of Knowing (Heidi Julien) - Work Task Information-Seeking and Retrieval Processes (Preben Hansen) - World Wide Web Information Seeking (Don Turnbull)

Footnote

Weitere Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.2, S.303 (D.E. Agosto): "Due to the brevity of the entries, they serve more as introductions to a wide array of theories than as deep explorations of a select few. The individual entries are not as deep as those in more traditional reference volumes, such as The Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science (Drake, 2003) or The Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST) (Cronin, 2005), but the overall coverage is much broader. This volume is probably most useful to doctoral students who are looking for theoretical frameworks for nascent research projects or to more veteran researchers interested in an introductory overview of information behavior research, as those already familiar with this subfield also will probably already be familiar with most of the theories presented here. Since different authors have penned each of the various entries, the writing styles vary somewhat, but on the whole, this is a readable, pithy volume that does an excellent job of encapsulating this important area of information research."

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Date

22. 3.2004 14:46:50

Footnote

Rez. in: B.I.T. online 6(2003) H.3, S.298-299 (J. Plieninger): "Wer im vorigen Heft von B.I.T.online den Fachbeitrag von Hermann Rösch über Bibliothekarische Auskunft im Web gelesen und sich daraufhin überlegt, einen solchen Dienst einzuführen, für den wäre dieses Buch das geeignete Mittel, sich für die Einführung einer Online-Auskunft fit zu machen. Die Autorin ist in der amerikanischen Internet Librarian- und Reference Librarian-Szene wohlbekannt: 1993 verfasste sie mit zwei Mitautoren Crossing the Internet Treshold, ein Tutorial für die Nutzung des Netzes, welches für die Profession eine Hilfestellung für die breite Nutzung des Internets bot. Das hier besprochene Buch könnte eine ähnliche Funktion für die Einführung der Virtual Reference bekommen: Es bietet einen Selbstlernkurs, welcher anschaulich die Grundlagen und die Grundhaltung bei der Implementation eines solchen Dienstes vermittelt. Was ist alles in diesem Kurs enthalten? Der erste Teil des Buches behandelt den Entscheidungsprozess, einen Online-Auskunftsdienst einzuführen: Es werden Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert, die Bedürfnisse der Benutzer untersucht ("There will always be a need for a human consultant to satisfy the needs of the information seeker.") und die Grundlagen der Entscheidungsfindung für eine geeignete Software behandelt. Der zweite Teil handelt dann von den Fragen der "Einrichtung" des virtuellen Auskunftsplatzes. Hier gibt es z.B. eine Schulung in den besonderen Kommunikationsformen, welche beim Chat zu beachten sind, eine Einbettung des neuen Dienstes in das Leitbild, die Geschäftsordnung bzw. Arbeitsorganisation der Bibliothek ("library policies") und zuletzt die komfortable Ausstattung des Auskunftsplatzes für Benutzer und Beschäftigte bis hin zu Fragen der Evaluation und Qualitätssicherung. Der dritte Teil behandelt die Aufgabe, einen Dienst zu implementieren, der sich selbst trägt, indem man ein Marketing für den neuen Dienst einrichtet, das ihn auf herkömmlichen und neuen Wegen promotet und ihn benutzerfreundlich ausgestaltet.
Rez. in BuB 56(2004) H.3: "Auskunfts- und Informationsdienst wird in den USA als unverzichtbare und wohl wichtigste bibliothekarische Tätigkeit betrachtet. Daher verwundert nicht, dass die Popularisierung des Internet Bibliothekare und Bibliotheken frühzeitig dazu veranlasst hat, ihre Auskunftsdienstleistungen im Web anzubieten. Dies geschah zunächst durch organisierte Auskunft per E-Mail, später per Webformular und vor allem seit 2000/2001 verstärkt per Chat. Als zusammenfassende Bezeichnung für diese Varianten wird meist der Begriff digital reference verwendet. In den USA, aber auch in Australien, Großbritannien oder Skandinavien schenkt man dem Thema Digital Reference schon seit mehreren Jahren größte Aufmerksamkeit. Die Zahl der bislang dazu publizierten Fachaufsätze lag Ende 2003 bereits weit über 600, jährlich im November findet seit 1999 die »Digital Reference Conference« statt, und mit DIG_REF sowie LiveReference existieren zwei Diskussionslisten, die sich ausschließlich mit Fragen bibliothekarischer Auskunft im Internet beschäftigen. Im vergangenen Jahr sind in den USA allein vier umfangreiche Monographien zu Digital Reference erschienen, darunter das hier zu besprechende Werk von Anne Lipow. ... Gegenwärtig deutet sich an, dass das Thema Digital Reference, Online-Auskunft oder Auskunft per Chat in deutschen Bibliotheken auf mehr Interesse stößt als in den vergangenen Jahren. Nachdem bislang vorwiegend (einige wenige) wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken ChatAuskunft anbieten, haben mehrere Öffentliche Bibliotheken, darunter die ZLB Berlin und die Stadtbücherei Frankfurt am Main, angekündigt, zukünftig auchAuskunftperChatanbieten zu wollen. Eine wichtige Rolle spielt in diesem Zusammenhang der weltweite Auskunftsverbund QuestionPoint, der von OCLC gemeinsam mit der Library of Congress betrieben wird. Sowohl denjenigen, die sich noch im Unklaren sind, als auch jenen, die entsprechende Planungen bereits beschlossen haben, kann der Band von Anne Lipow nur wärmstens empfohlen werden." (H. Rösch)

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Abstract

This work tackles one of the fundamental problems of information management - how to get the right information to the right person at the right time. It provides a practical framework to enable information services to gather information from users in order to aid information system design, and to monitor the effectiveness of an information service. This new edition has been fully revised and now has increased coverage of the Internet. The Web raises many problems when it comes to meeting information needs - authority and overload, for example - and these problems make an effective information needs analysis even more crucial. There is a new methodology section on Web log analysis and focus group interviews. Practical advice is given concerning interview technique and an interview schedule is included.

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Classification

327.12 22

Content

Intelligence work and the information professions / Robert S. Taylor -- Spies of the airwaves / Norman Horrocks -- Intelligence work and information science : two men in a boat / David Batty -- The intelligence game : seeing is believing? / Robert Lee Chartrand -- Applications of information science to U.S. naval intelligence and narcotics intelligence, 1974-1992 / Emil Levine -- A life in the information trade / Charles T. Meadow -- Information management in MI5 before the age of the computer / Alistair Black and Rodney Brunt -- Some aspects of indexing in British intelligence, 1939-1945 / Rodney Brunt -- Intelligence agencies, librarians, and information scientists / Colin Burke -- Historical note on information science in wartime : pioneer documentation activities in World War II / Pamela Spence Richards -- Technology for open source government information and business intelligence / George L. Marling -- Knowledge transfer : information science shapes intelligencein the cold war era / Lee S. Strickland -- The information science and intelligence literature : an overview / Robert V. Williams -- Defining what information science is or should be : a survey and review of a half-century of published pronouncements / Ben-Ami Lipetz -- Wanted : a definition of "intelligence" / Michael Warner -- Evidence and inference in foreign intelligence / Maurice H. Hellner -- The zoo and the jungle : a comparison of the information practices of intelligence analysts and of scientists / Harold Wooster.

DDC

327.12 22

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Date

25. 3.2003 13:22:23

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Abstract

Let us start with a simple scenario: a man asks a woman "how high is Mount Everest?" The woman replies "29,029 feet." Nothing could be simpler. Now let us suppose that rather than standing in a room, or sitting on a bus, the man is at his desk and the woman is 300 miles away with the conversation taking place using e-mail. Still simple? Certainly--it happens every day. So why all the bother about digital (virtual, electronic, chat, etc.) reference? If the man is a pilot flying over Mount Everest, the answer matters. If you are a lawyer going to court, the identity of the woman is very important. Also, if you ever want to find the answer again, how that transaction took place matters a lot. Digital reference is a deceptively simple concept on its face: "the incorporation of human expertise into the information system." This lecture seeks to explore the question of how human expertise is incorporated into a variety of information systems, from libraries, to digital libraries, to information retrieval engines, to knowledge bases. What we learn through this endeavor, begun primarily in the library context, is that the models, methods, standards, and experiments in digital reference have wide applicability. We also catch a glimpse of an unfolding future in which ubiquitous computing makes the identification, interaction, and capture of expertise increasingly important. It is a future that is much more complex than we had anticipated. It is a future in which documents and artifacts are less important than the contexts of their creation and use.

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Date

25.11.2005 18:58:22

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Abstract

This article seeks to address the following questions: Why do certain people, who are fully information literate with printed materials, become hesitant and even reluctant when it comes to finding something on the Internet? And why do we, information professionals, find it difficult to support them adequately? Mature users of digital information are often skeptical about the value of the Internet as a source for professional information. Over the years much has been achieved, but many prophecies of the experts on digitalization from the early hours still have not yet been fulfilled. Mature users do possess all skills needed to be digital-information literate, but they need to be assisted in specific areas where those skills are insufficient. They tend to blame themselves even if shortcomings in accessibility of digital sources and computer errors obstruct their search. Operating hardware requires a dexterity that can only be acquired by experience. Instruction should be hands-on; demonstration is far less effective. Special attention should be given to reading and interpreting navigation information on the screen and to the search strategies the Internet requires. Use of imagination and trial-and-error methods are to be recommended in this respect.

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.4, S.366-368 (L. Mon): "The early years of the 21st century have been marked in the library community by a sharp increase in "chat reference" Services offered through library Web sites. Variously called "live reference," "virtual reference," or "chat reference," these Services utilize chat, MOO, instant messaging, and other online technologies to extend the live, synchronous interaction of the library reference desk to the Internet. In 2001, Stephen Francoeur found 272 libraries with chat reference Services worldwide, and in June 2003 Bernie Sloan's online listing of chat consortia included 47 consortia, which together represented more than 550 U.S. libraries. (Francoeur, 2001; Sloan, 2003) Jana Ronan's book is the latest entrant among recent works intended to guide librarians in the growing trend of setting up synchronous online "chat reference" services, and provides information about selecting software, setting service policies, conducting training, and managing staffing for a variety of different service configurations. Ronan, who serves as Interactive Reference Coordinator for the George A. Smathers Libraries at the University of Florida, Gainesville, covers the practical aspects of launching and managing chat reference services in 10 chapters, followed by five chapters of individual case studies contributed by other authors who describe chat reference implementations at SUNY Morrisville, Austin Peay State University, Paradise Valley Community College, University of South Florida, and the University of Florida.
Other recent works in this field include Marc Meola and Sam Stormont's 2002 "how to do it manual" for starting and operating live reference services, and Anne Grodzins Lipow's 2003 "handbook" for virtual reference librarians (Meola & Stormont, 2002; Lipow, 2003). As with Ronan's book, each of these is targeted toward librarians who are considering offering live interactive online reference services as part of a digital library presence. While Meola and Stormont provide extensive guidance an adapting chat services to specific staffing configurations and Lipow focuses more deeply an developing staff skills for the chat reference interaction, Ronan's book offers the most comprehensive overview for analyzing and selecting among chat reference software choices. Ronan's first two Chapters are focused an software choices. Chapter 1 describes "basic" software such as Internet Relay Chat (IRC), MOO, instant messaging, and Web-based chat, while Chapter 2 covers "advanced" options such as online distance education courseware and Web-based call center software. In Chapter 3, Ronan discusses the audience for chat reference services. Chapter 4 concerns the criteria for selecting "real time software" appropriate for the library and its users. Chapter 5 explores staffing models of all types, from recruitment of regular staff to work extra hours to outsourcing of chat reference work among vendors, consortia, and independent contractors.

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 54(2003) no.7, S.695-697 (R. Savolainen): "Donald O. Case has written an ambitious book to create an overall picture of the major approaches to information needs and seeking (INS) studies. The aim to write an extensive review is reflected in the list of references containing about 700 items. The high ambitions are explained an p. 14, where Case states that he is aiming at a multidisciplinary understanding of the concept of information seeking. In the Preface, the author characterizes his book as an introduction to the topic for students at the graduate level, as well as as a review and handbook for scholars engagged in information behavior research. In my view, Looking for Information is particularly welcome as an academic textbook because the field of INS studies suffers from the lack of monographs. Along with the continuous growth of the number of journal articles and conference papers, there is a genuine need for a book that picks up the numerous pieces and puts them together. The use of the study as a textbook is facilitated by clearly delineated sections an major themes and the wealth of concrete examples of information seeking in everyday contexts. The book is lucidly written and it is accessible to novice readers, too. At first glance, the idea of providing a comprehensive review of INS studies may seem a mission impossible because the current number of articles, papers, and other contributions in this field is nearing the 10,000 range (p. 224). Donald Case is not alone in the task of coming to grips with an increasing number of studies; similar problems have been faced by those writing INS-related chapters for the Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST). Case has solved the problem of "too many publications to be reviewed" by concentrating an the INS literature published during the last two decades. Secondly, studies an library use and information retrieval are discussed only to a limited extent. In addition, Case is highly selective as to studies focusing an the use of specific sources and channels such as WWW. These delineations are reasonable, even though they beg some questions. First, how should one draw the line between studies an information seeking and information retrieval? Case does not discuss this question in greater detail, although in recent years, the overlapping areas of information seeking and retrieval studies have been broadened, along with the growing importance of WWW in information seeking/retrieval. Secondly, how can one define the concept of information searching (or, more specifically, Internet or Web searching) in relation to information seeking and information retrieval? In the field of Web searching studies, there is an increasing number of contributions that are of direct relevance to information-seeking studies. Clearly, the advent of the Internet, particularly, the Web, has blurred the previous lines between INS and IR literature, making them less clear cut. The book consists of five main sections, and comprises 13 chapters. There is an Appendix serving the needs of an INS textbook (questions for discussion and application). The structure of the book is meticulously planned and, as a whole, it offers a sufficiently balanced contribution to theoretical, methodological, and empirical issues of INS. The title, Looking for Information: A Survey of Research an Information Seeking, Needs, and Behavior aptly describes the main substance of the book. . . . It is easy to agree with Case about the significance of the problem of specialization and fragmentation. This problem seems to be concomitant with the broadening field of INS research. In itself, Case's book can be interpreted as a struggle against this fragmentation. His book suggests that this struggle is not hopeless and that it is still possible to draw an overall picture of the evolving research field. The major pieces of the puzzle were found and the book will provide a useful overview of INS studies for many years."

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Abstract

If your customers don't sleep, why should your reference service? Online library reference services available 24/7 are offered in a growing number of institutions. With many models to choose from and more details to be worked out, it is a critical time for librarians to assess their patrons' needs and market their services to address these needs. Collecting and documenting what thousands of virtual reference librarians have learned over the past few years, this comprehensive guide provides a needed overview to help new and aspiring virtual reference library departments to understand the entire process and its ramifications. In a text supplemented with checklists so no key element is forgotten, this reference offers the real-world answers from Ieading experts to the most common questions: - Where has Web-based library reference come from and where is it going? - What is the best digital reference software to address specific needs? - How do they get hired and trained? - When and how does a library market such a radial new Service? - Why are evaluations and system enhancerncnts critical to the future of digital reference? With a look into the costs, and a look into the future, supplemented with the most comprehensive bibliography available an the topic, Going Live is a one-stop resource for getting started in digital reference services.

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Content

Key features - Case studies show how - in practical terms - information science issues relate to users' behaviour - The book is written by experts in the field, with each chapter drawing an both case studies and extensive experience in the field - The book can be used as a detailed reference or an overview The Authors The contributors to the book are based at the Institute for Learning and Research Technology, University of Bristol, UK and are responsible for developing and running national online services. The book is edited by Dr Jacobs, an experienced information professional who has worked both in traditional libraries and an national projects and online services. Readership The book is aimed at anyone providing an online service to Chose using social science information, including information officers, librarians and knowledge managers, together with related IT managers and students of LIS at undergraduate and postgraduate level. Contents Section 1 - case studies, describing how information is used in the health, government, academic, trades union, media and other sectors, with particular attention to online information practices. Section 2 - drawing the lessons from the case studies. Section 3 - the major issues facing service providers, including selection, metadata, usability, accessibility, management, and building user skills. Section 4 - the future, covering both technological developments such as the semantic web and portals, and organisational issues such as the changing role of the information professional.

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Date

22. 8.2009 19:50:27

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Date

22. 2.2008 17:36:03

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Date

22. 3.2008 18:05:16

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Date

22. 2.2008 14:17:00