Search (50 results, page 1 of 3)

  • × theme_ss:"Internet"
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  1. McMurdo, G.: How the Internet was indexed (1995) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    The scope and characteristics of what may be considered the first three generations of automated Internet indexing systems are identified and described as to their methods of compiling their datasets, their search interfaces and the associated etymological metaphors and mythologies. These three are suggested to be: firstly, the Archie system for single keyword and regular expression searches of the file lists of anonymous ftp sites: secondly, the Veronica system for Boolean keyword in title searches of the world's gopher servers; thirdly, a range of software techniques jnown as robots and search engines, which compile searchable databases of information accessible via the WWW, such as the currently popular Lycos project at Carnegie Mellon University. The present dominance of WWW client software as the preferred interface to Internet information has led to provision of methods of also using the first two systems by this single interface, and these are also noted
    Source
    Journal of information science. 21(1995) no.6, S.479-489
  2. Warnick, W.L.; Leberman, A.; Scott, R.L.; Spence, K.J.; Johnsom, L.A.; Allen, V.S.: Searching the deep Web : directed query engine applications at the Department of Energy (2001) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Directed Query Engines, an emerging class of search engine specifically designed to access distributed resources on the deep web, offer the opportunity to create inexpensive digital libraries. Already, one such engine, Distributed Explorer, has been used to select and assemble high quality information resources and incorporate them into publicly available systems for the physical sciences. By nesting Directed Query Engines so that one query launches several other engines in a cascading fashion, enormous virtual collections may soon be assembled to form a comprehensive information infrastructure for the physical sciences. Once a Directed Query Engine has been configured for a set of information resources, distributed alerts tools can provide patrons with personalized, profile-based notices of recent additions to any of the selected resources. Due to the potentially enormous size and scope of Directed Query Engine applications, consideration must be given to issues surrounding the representation of large quantities of information from multiple, heterogeneous sources.
  3. Hsieh-Yee, I.: ¬The retrieval power of selected search engines : how well do they address general reference questions and subject questions? (1998) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Evaluates the performance of 8 major Internet search engines in answering 21 real reference questions and 5 made up subject questions. Reports on the retrieval and relevancy ranking abilities of the search engines. Concludes that the search engines did not produce good results for the reference questions unlike for the subject questions. The best engines are identified by type of questions, with Infoseek best for the subject questions, and OpenText best for refrence questions
    Date
    25.12.1998 19:22:51
    Footnote
    Part of an issue devoted to electronic resources and their use in libraries, from the viewpoint of reference services, with an emphasis on the Internet and Geographic Information Systems
  4. Sauer, D.: Alles schneller finden (2001) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Tips zur Suche nach: Aktuellen Nachrichten (www.paperball.de, www.paperazzi.de, www.genios.de) - Filmen und Musik (www.vdfkino.de, www.kino.de, www.cdnow.com, www.billboard.com) - Kids im Netz (www.blindekuh.de, www.safetykid.de, www.kindercampus.de) - Jobs - VIPs, Promis und normale Leute - Urlaub (www.ferien.de, www.travel24.de, www.abenteuerreisen.de) - Software (www.moreover.com, www.completeplanet.com) - Bücher (www.amazon.de, www.libri.de, www.zvab.com. www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/kvk.html)
    Date
    11.11.2001 17:25:22
  5. Drabenstott, K.M.: Web search strategies (2000) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Surfing the World Wide Web used to be cool, dude, real cool. But things have gotten hot - so hot that finding something useful an the Web is no longer cool. It is suffocating Web searchers in the smoke and debris of mountain-sized lists of hits, decisions about which search engines they should use, whether they will get lost in the dizzying maze of a subject directory, use the right syntax for the search engine at hand, enter keywords that are likely to retrieve hits an the topics they have in mind, or enlist a browser that has sufficient functionality to display the most promising hits. When it comes to Web searching, in a few short years we have gone from the cool image of surfing the Web into the frying pan of searching the Web. We can turn down the heat by rethinking what Web searchers are doing and introduce some order into the chaos. Web search strategies that are tool-based-oriented to specific Web searching tools such as search en gines, subject directories, and meta search engines-have been widely promoted, and these strategies are just not working. It is time to dissect what Web searching tools expect from searchers and adjust our search strategies to these new tools. This discussion offers Web searchers help in the form of search strategies that are based an strategies that librarians have been using for a long time to search commercial information retrieval systems like Dialog, NEXIS, Wilsonline, FirstSearch, and Data-Star.
    Content
    "Web searching is different from searching commercial IR systems. We can learn from search strategies recommended for searching IR systems, but most won't be effective for Web searching. Web searchers need strate gies that let search engines do the job they were designed to do. This article presents six new Web searching strategies that do just that."
    Date
    22. 9.1997 19:16:05
    Imprint
    Urbana-Champaign, IL : Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, Graduate School of Library and Information Science
    Source
    Saving the time of the library user through subject access innovation: Papers in honor of Pauline Atherton Cochrane. Ed.: W.J. Wheeler
  6. Ardo, A.; Lundberg, S.: ¬A regional distributed WWW search and indexing service : the DESIRE way (1998) 0.02 
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    Date
    1. 8.1996 22:08:06
    Footnote
    Contribution to a special issue devoted to the Proceedings of the 7th International World Wide Web Conference, held 14-18 April 1998, Brisbane, Australia
    Source
    Computer networks and ISDN systems. 30(1998) nos.1/7, S.149-159
  7. Jacobs, N.A.; Buden, I.D.; Discombe, R.J.: Researchers on the pier : academics' use of a local Internet gateway (1996) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Describes the establishment of an Internet gateway local to the University of sussex, UK, firstly as a gopher and more recently as a WWW server. Describes a project currently uderway to assess the practical value of Internet searches to research and the consequential training and support requirements. Determines the value of a local gateway to academic researchers at Sussex and the roles specific to a local gateway that such comprehensive resources as Yahoo and BUBL cannot fulfil. The project is using an interview-based methodology to gain an understanding of researchers' views of Internet resource provision, and these interviews are being analyzed with the help of the NUD*IST qualitative data analysis software package
    Source
    New review of information networking. 1996, no.2, S.149-167
  8. Ross, N.C.M.; Wolfram, D.: End user searching on the Internet : an analysis of term pair topics submitted to the Excite search engine (2000) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Queries submitted to the Excite search engine were analyzed for subject content based on the cooccurrence of terms within multiterm queries. More than 1000 of the most frequently cooccurring term pairs were categorized into one or more of 30 developed subject areas. Subject area frequencies and their cooccurrences with one another were tallied and analyzed using hierarchical cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling. The cluster analyses revealed several anticipated and a few unanticipated groupings of subjects, resulting in several well-defined high-level clusters of broad subject areas. Multidimensional scaling of subject cooccurrences revealed similar relationships among the different subject categories. Applications that arise from a better understanding of the topics users search and their relationships are discussed
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.10, S.949-958
  9. Zins, C.: Models for classifying Internet resources (2002) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Designing systematic access to Internet resources is a major item an the agenda of researchers and practitioners in the field of information science, and is the focus of this study. A critical analysis of classification schemes used in major portals and Web classified directories exposes inconsistencies in the way they classify Internet resources. The inconsistencies indicate that the developers fall to differentiate the various classificatory models, and are unaware of their different rationales. The study establishes eight classificatory models for resources available to Internet users. Internet resources can be classified by subjects, objects, applications, users, locations, reference sources, media, and languages. The first five models are contentrelated; namely they characterize the content of the resource. The other three models are formst-related; namely they characterize the format of the resource or its technological infrastructure. The study identifies and formulates the eight classificatory models, analyzes their rationales, and discusses alternative ways to combine them in a faceted integrated classification scheme.
  10. Notess, G.R.: Mega-searching from the desktop (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Internet software vendors are now offering commercial products that not only queries multiple search engines simultaneously, but allows the user to sort results, remove duplicates and verify the available of the links. They run from the user's own computer. Evaluates the search capabilities, database coverage, post-processing, sorting and access limitations and other problems of: Internet Fast Find from Symantec, EchoSearch from Iconovex, WebCompass from Quarterdeck, and WebSeeker from ForeFront Group
  11. Sieverts, E.: Liever browsen dan zoeken (1998) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Despite development of the WWW searchers still experience difficulties following links between sites and cannot be sure that a site contains the required information. 3 software programs developed to guide users through the maze of hyperlinks are: Dynamic diagrams, the Hyperbolic tree, and the Brain. in contrast to the other programs which operate on webservers and display hyperlinks in diagrammatic form the Brain is installed on individual PCs and can be customised to meet users' requirements
  12. Gorbunov, A.L.: Relevance of Web documents : ghosts consensus method (2002) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The dominant method currently used to improve the quality of Internet search systems is often called "digital democracy." Such an approach implies the utilization of the majority opinion of Internet users to determine the most relevant documents: for example, citation index usage for sorting of search results (google.com) or an enrichment of a query with terms that are asked frequently in relation with the query's theme. "Digital democracy" is an effective instrument in many cases, but it has an unavoidable shortcoming, which is a matter of principle: the average intellectual and cultural level of Internet users is very low- everyone knows what kind of information is dominant in Internet query statistics. Therefore, when one searches the Internet by means of "digital democracy" systems, one gets answers that reflect an underlying assumption that the user's mind potential is very low, and that his cultural interests are not demanding. Thus, it is more correct to use the term "digital ochlocracy" to refer to Internet search systems with "digital democracy." Based an the well-known mathematical mechanism of linear programming, we propose a method to solve the indicated problem.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 53(2002) no.10, S.783-788
  13. Choo, C.W.; Detlor, B.; Turnbull, D.: Information seeking on the Web : an integrated model of browsing and searching (1999) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The paper presents findings from a study of how knowledge workers use the Web to seek external information as part of their daily work. Thirty four users from seven companies took part in the study. Participants were mainly IT specialists, managers, and research/marketing/consulting staff working in organizations that included a large utility company, a major bank, and a consulting firm. Participants answered a detailed questionnaire and were interviewed individually in order to understand their information needs and information seeking preferences. A custom-developed WebTracker Software application was installed an each of their workplace PCs, and participants' Web-use activities were then recorded continuously during two-week periods. The WebTracker recorded how participants used the browser to seek information an the Web: it logged menu choices, button bar selections, and keystroke actions, allowing browsing and searching sequences to be reconstructed. In a second round of personal Interviews, participants recalled critical incidents of using information from the Web.Data from the two Interviews and the WebTracker logs constituted the database for analysis. Sixty one significant episodes of Information seeking were identified. A model was developed to describe the common repertoires of Information seeking that were observed. On one axis of the model, episodes were plotted according to the four scanning modes identified by Aguilar (1967), Weick and Daft (1983): undirected viewing, conditioned viewing, informal search, and formal search. Each mode is characterized by its own Information needs and Information seeking strategies. On the other axis of the model, episodes were plotted according to the occurence of one or more of the six categories of information seeking behaviors identified by Ellis (1989, 1990): starting, chaining, browsing, differentiating, monitoring, and extracting. The study suggests that a behavioral framework that relates motivations (Aguilar) and moves (Ellis) may be helpful in analysing patterns of Web-based Information seeking
    Series
    Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science; vol.36
    Source
    Knowledge: creation, organization and use. Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, 31.10.-4.11.1999. Ed.: L. Woods
  14. Wiley, D.L.: Beyond information retrieval : ways to provide content in context (1998) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The days of the traditional abstracting and indexing services are waning, as abstracts and bibliographic data become commodities. However, there are tremedous opportunities for those organizations willing to look beyond the status quo to the new possibilities enabled by the latest wave of advanced technologies. Those who own content need to focus on the delivery mechanisms and new markets that technology can provide. Features like automatic extraction of key concepts or names, collaborative filtering to help with trend analysis, and visualization techniques can take information past the retrieval stage and into the management area
    Source
    Database. 21(1998) no.4, S.18-22
  15. Guarino, N.; Masolo, C.; Vetere, G.: OntoSeek : content-based access to the Web (1999) 0.01 
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    Source
    IEEE intelligent systems. 14(1999) no.3, S.70-80
  16. bay: Google übernimmt Deja-Archiv (2001) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Deja.com hat sein Archiv mit Diskussionsbeiträgen aus dem Usenet an die Suchmaschine Google verkauft. Die neue Bedienoberfläche (groups.google.com) prüft noch nicht die 500 Millionen Texte, die Deja seit 1995 gesammelt hat; sie werden schrittweise in die eigene, sechs Monate alte Datenbank integriert. Das Usenet lässt sich über das Web (netnews.web.de) oder besser spezielle Software nutzen, etwa (Free) Agent (www.forteinc.com)
  17. Charlier, M.: Pingpong mit Pingback : Lass mich Deine Suchmaschine sein: Webseiten finden neue Wege der Vernetzung (2003) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Die Suchmaschine Google erfasst in ihren Datenbanken nach eigener Auskunft mehr als zwei Milliarden Webseiten. Ob das ein Drittel oder nur ein Viertel aller bestehenden Seiten ist, bleibt umstritten. Aber auch so ergeben Suchanfragen schon eine nicht mehr zu bewältigende Zahl an Treffern - die meisten allerdings weit am Thema vorbei. Um die Seiten, die ihnen einmal positiv aufgefallen sind, wiederzufinden, sammeln fleißige Websurfer Tausende von Bookmarks. Und dann finden sie sich in ihren Lesezeichen nicht mehr zurecht. Information vom Rauschen zu trennen und den Reichtum des Netzes zu erschließen, wird immer schwieriger. Es gibt diverse Projekte, die auf eine Verbesserung dieser Situation abzielen. Die meisten werden noch Jahre bis zum Abschluss benötigen und dann vermutlich auch nur gegen Bezahlung nutzbar sein. Deshalb wird an den Graswurzeln und noch tiefer im Untergrund des Webs derzeit mit technischen Verfahren experimentiert, die auf neuartige Weise die Bildung von persönlichen Informationsnetzen möglich machen. Das ist kostenlos, aber noch nicht so leicht anzuwenden. Da ist z.B. die Blogger-Szene (www.blogworld.de). Blogs sind tagebuchartig geführte und oft mehrfach täglich aktualisierte private Webseiten, auf denen sich Menschen mit gemeinsamen technischen, beruflichen oder persönlichen Interessen treffen. Dort sieht man immer öfter einen kleinen roten Button mit den drei Buchstaben: XML - eine prächtige Kollektion davon bietet der "Hirschgarden" auf http://radio.weblogs.com/0117605/. Wenn man darauf klickt, erscheint eine mehr oder weniger rätselhaft ausgezeichnete Datei, die offensichtlich Informationen zu dieser Seite enthält. Diese Dateien sind so genannte RSS-Feeds, was soviel heißt wie: Lieferanten von angereicherten Seiten-Inhaltsangaben (Rich Site summaries. Das "angereichert" bezieht sich darauf, dass auch Bilder oder Sounddateien angelinkt sein können). Für die Besucher, die schon auf der Seite sind, haben diese kaum entzifferbaren Dateien keinen Wert. Sie sind bestimmt zur Auswertung durch so genannte RSS-Reader - und damit wird die Sache spannend. Wer will, kann sich einen solchen Reader - im Netz werden mehrere davon zum kostenlosen Download angeboten, z.B. auf www.feedreadercom - auf seinem Rechner installieren. Dieser Reader kann die Feeds in einer vernünftig lesbaren Form darstellen; meistens so, wie man das von Mailprogrammen kennt: Links eine Liste der Absender, rechts oben die Überschriften der einzelnen Summaries. Und wenn man diese anklickt, erscheint rechts unten eine Inhaltsangabe des zur jeweiligen Überschrift gehörenden Artikels. Zum Reader gehört eine Liste, in der einzutragen ist, welche Webseiten das Programm - unter Umständen mehrmals täglich - vollautomatisch besuchen soll, um dort die jeweils neuesten Inhaltsangaben abzuholen. Damit ist man jederzeit bestens darüber im Bilde, was auf den wichtigen Seiten geschieht. Technisch geht die Initiative dabei immer vom jeweiligen Anwender aus, aber praktisch wirkt das so, als ob die Informationslieferanten ihn jedesmal benachrichtigen, wenn es etwas neues gibt. Der Anbieter muse natürlich dafür sorgen, dass sein Newsfeed immer aktuell und aussagekräftig gestaltet ist. Für einige Blogs gibt es Software, die das vollautomatisch erledigt. Eine rundum feine Sache also, die bald wohl nicht allein von Bloggern und Nachrichtenagenturen eingesetzt werden. Noch weitreichender sind die Veränderungen, die sich - ebenfalls zunächst in der Welt der Blogs - unter Stichworten wie Trackback oder Pingback ankündigen.
    - Links im Rückwärtsgang - Dahinter stehen unterschiedliche technische Verfahren, die aber praktisch auf das Gleiche hinauslaufen: Während Links im www bisher eine buchstäblich einseitige Angelegenheit waren, werden sie nun zweiseitig. Bisher hat derjenige, der "gelinkt worden" ist, davon zunächst einmal gar nichts erfahren. Jetzt sorgt Pingback dafür, dass auf der gelinkten Seite automatisch ein Rückwärts-Link auf die linkende Seite eingerichtet wird, zumindest, wenn beide Webseiten mit der entsprechenden Technik ausgerüstet sind. Natürlich gibt es keinerlei Zwang, sich diesem System anzuschließen. Wer nicht möchte, dass plötzlich Rückwärts-Links auf seinen Seiten auftauchen, richtet die Software einfach nicht ein. Man braucht nicht viel Surferfahrung, um zu ahnen, dass dieses Ping-Pong-Spiel mit Links dem Austausch von Informationen und Meinungen eine ganz neue Dimension eröffnen können - zumindest dann, wenn genug Webseiten mitmachen. Dann wird man auf vielen Webseiten nicht nur Links auf eventuell genutzte Quellen, sondern auch auf Anwender finden können - also auf andere Seiten, deren Betreiber diesen Inhalt für interessant und wichtig genug hielten, um ein Link darauf zu setzen. So entsteht eine Spur, der man nicht nur wie bisher bestenfalls rückwärts, sondern auch vorwärts folgen kann. Das Thema erschließt sich in vielen Varianten und Entwicklungsstadien. Man wird den Weg eines Themas oder einer Information durch das Netz verfolgen können und dabei vermutlich vielen Seiten be-gegnen, die ähnliche Interessen bedienen, die man durch Suchmaschinen nie gefunden hätte. Das "persönliche Netz" wird enger geknüpft, die Bedeutung der Suchmaschinen und ihrer Defizite wird geringer. An die Stelle mechanischer Sucherei treten lebendige Zusammenhänge. Noch ist das Zukunftsmusik. Man findet zwar schon recht viele Blogs, die ihre Aufnahmebereitschaft für Rückwärtslinks signalisieren, aber erst wenige, bei denen diese Möglichkeit auch genutzt wird. Die kritische Masse, ohne die das System seine Vorteile ausspielen könnte, ist anscheinend noch nicht erreicht. Aber die ständig verbesserte Anwendbarkeit der Software und der Umstand, dass sie nichts kostet, machen Lust, es einmal auszuprobieren. Und in dem Maß, in dem Suchmaschinen die Erwartungen immer weniger erfüllen und am Ende noch Geld für gute Positionierungen nehmen, wird es gerade für kleinere Anbieter - nicht nur im Hobby-Bereich - immer interessanter, neue Wege der Vernetzung zu erproben.
  18. Schmitz, H.: Lücken im Netz : Die New York Times sperrt einen Text für Surfer in Großbritannien - der Anfang vom Ende des weltweiten Webs? (2006) 0.00 
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    Content
    "Der Text dürfte Surfer aus Großbritannien besonders interessiert haben: "Details zum britischen Terror-Fall bekannt geworden ; verkündete die New York Times in ihrer Online-Ausgabe. Doch ausgerechnet die Leser auf der Insel bekamen statt des Artikels den schlichten Hinweis auf den Bildschirm, der Beitrag sei "auf Ratschlag von Rechtsberatern" für britische Nutzer von nytimes.com nicht verfügbar. Fachleute beunruhigt der Fall. Sie sehen das Internet als weltweites Medium in Gefahr. Ein System aus der Werbung Die renommierte Zeitung begründete den Ausschluss ihrer britischen Leser damit, dass es in Großbritannien verboten sei, Informationen vor einem Prozess öffentlich zu machen, die vor Gericht als Beweise dienen können. Rein technisch ist die Sperre keine große Sache. Die New York Times verwendet eine Software, die vor allem dazu gedacht ist, Werbung gezielt zu verbreiten. Geotargeting nennt sich das System, das dafür sorgt, dass ein Internetbesucher aus Deutschland andere Reklame sieht als ein Leser der selben Seite aus Frankreich oder den Vereinigten Staaten. "Die New York Times kann seit einiger Zeit die Herkunft ihrer Nutzer bestimmen und für gezieltes Marketing nutzen`, sagt Richard Meislin, leitender Internet-Redakteur. Freilich: Sortierte Werbung ist eine Sache, das Vorenthalten journalistischer Inhalte eine andere. Hauptanbieter der Technik sind Unternehmen wie Quova, Net Geo, Digital Envoy oder Akamai. Die Genauigkeit ihrer Dienste liegt zwischen 96 und 99 Prozent. Die Software wertet die Adresse der Surfer nach dem Internet Protokoll aus, die mit jeder Seitenabfrage übertragen wird. Zwar kann dieser Absender nicht eindeutig einem Nutzer zugewiesen werden, wohl aber dem Besitzer. In der Regel sind das die Internetprovider wie AOL oder T-Online, Universitäten, Firmen oder andere größere Einrichtungen. Die wiederum teilen die Adressen regionalen Netzknoten zu, sodass auf die ungefähre Herkunft des Nutzers geschlossen werden kann. Surfer können die Technik austricksen, in dem sie Zwischenstationen einschalten: Ein Brite beauftragt etwa einen Rechner in den Vereinigten Staaten, eine Seite der New York Times aufzurufen. Für die Zeitung sieht es so aus, als lebe der Surfer im Inland. Doch dort arbeitet nur eine Software, die den Text nach Europa weiterreicht. Fachleute bezeichnen solche Zwischenstationen als Proxyserver. Auch Anonymisierungsdienste, jüngst in den Blick von Strafverfolgern geraten, arbeiten nach dem Prinzip.
  19. Hannemann, M.: Online ins Schlaraffenland der Wissenschaft : Literatur-Recherche im Internet ist ein teures Unterfangen ohne Erfolgsgarantie - Doch wer systematisch sucht, gelangt zügig ans Ziel (1999) 0.00 
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    Date
    3. 5.1997 8:44:22
  20. Kaeser, E.: ¬Das postfaktische Zeitalter (2016) 0.00 
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    Content
    "Es gibt Daten, Informationen und Fakten. Wenn man mir eine Zahlenreihe vorsetzt, dann handelt es sich um Daten: unterscheidbare Einheiten, im Fachjargon: Items. Wenn man mir sagt, dass diese Items stündliche Temperaturangaben der Aare im Berner Marzilibad bedeuten, dann verfüge ich über Information - über interpretierte Daten. Wenn man mir sagt, dies seien die gemessenen Aaretemperaturen am 22. August 2016 im Marzili, dann ist das ein Faktum: empirisch geprüfte interpretierte Daten. Dieser Dreischritt - Unterscheiden, Interpretieren, Prüfen - bildet quasi das Bindemittel des Faktischen, «the matter of fact». Wir alle führen den Dreischritt ständig aus und gelangen so zu einem relativ verlässlichen Wissen und Urteilsvermögen betreffend die Dinge des Alltags. Aber wie schon die Kurzcharakterisierung durchblicken lässt, bilden Fakten nicht den Felsengrund der Realität. Sie sind kritikanfällig, sowohl von der Interpretation wie auch von der Prüfung her gesehen. Um bei unserem Beispiel zu bleiben: Es kann durchaus sein, dass man uns zwei unterschiedliche «faktische» Temperaturverläufe der Aare am 22. August 2016 vorsetzt.

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