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Kaeser, E.: ¬Das postfaktische Zeitalter (2016) 0.02
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Content

"Es gibt Daten, Informationen und Fakten. Wenn man mir eine Zahlenreihe vorsetzt, dann handelt es sich um Daten: unterscheidbare Einheiten, im Fachjargon: Items. Wenn man mir sagt, dass diese Items stündliche Temperaturangaben der Aare im Berner Marzilibad bedeuten, dann verfüge ich über Information - über interpretierte Daten. Wenn man mir sagt, dies seien die gemessenen Aaretemperaturen am 22. August 2016 im Marzili, dann ist das ein Faktum: empirisch geprüfte interpretierte Daten. Dieser Dreischritt - Unterscheiden, Interpretieren, Prüfen - bildet quasi das Bindemittel des Faktischen, «the matter of fact». Wir alle führen den Dreischritt ständig aus und gelangen so zu einem relativ verlässlichen Wissen und Urteilsvermögen betreffend die Dinge des Alltags. Aber wie schon die Kurzcharakterisierung durchblicken lässt, bilden Fakten nicht den Felsengrund der Realität. Sie sind kritikanfällig, sowohl von der Interpretation wie auch von der Prüfung her gesehen. Um bei unserem Beispiel zu bleiben: Es kann durchaus sein, dass man uns zwei unterschiedliche «faktische» Temperaturverläufe der Aare am 22. August 2016 vorsetzt.
- Das Amen des postmodernen Denkens Was nun? Wir führen den Unterschied zum Beispiel auf Ablesefehler (also auf falsche Interpretation) zurück oder aber auf verschiedene Messmethoden. Sofort ist ein Deutungsspielraum offen. Nietzsches berühmtes Wort hallt wider, dass es nur Interpretationen, keine Fakten gebe. Oder wie es im Englischen heisst: «Facts are factitious» - Fakten sind Artefakte, sie sind künstlich. Diese Ansicht ist quasi das Amen des postmodernen Denkens. Und als besonders tückisch an ihr entpuppt sich ihre Halbwahrheit. Es stimmt, dass Fakten oft das Ergebnis eines langwierigen Erkenntnisprozesses sind, vor allem heute, wo wir es immer mehr mit Aussagen über komplexe Systeme wie Migrationsdynamik, Meteorologie oder Märkte zu tun bekommen. Der Interpretationsdissens unter Experten ist ja schon fast sprichwörtlich.

Hannemann, M.: Online ins Schlaraffenland der Wissenschaft : Literatur-Recherche im Internet ist ein teures Unterfangen ohne Erfolgsgarantie - Doch wer systematisch sucht, gelangt zügig ans Ziel (1999) 0.00

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Date: 3. 5.1997 8:44:22

Eggeling, T.; Kroschel, A.: Alles finden im Web (2000) 0.00

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Date: 9. 7.2000 14:06:22

Sauer, D.: Alles schneller finden (2001) 0.00

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Date: 11.11.2001 17:25:22

Bertelmann, R.; Rusch-Feja, D.: Informationsretrieval im Internet : Surfen, Browsen, Suchen - mit einem Überblick über strukturierte Informationsangebote (1997) 0.00

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Date: 9. 7.2000 11:31:22

Hsieh-Yee, I.: ¬The retrieval power of selected search engines : how well do they address general reference questions and subject questions? (1998) 0.00

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Date: 25.12.1998 19:22:51

Wiley, D.L.: Beyond information retrieval : ways to provide content in context (1998) 0.00

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Source: Database. 21(1998) no.4, S.18-22

Ardo, A.; Lundberg, S.: ¬A regional distributed WWW search and indexing service : the DESIRE way (1998) 0.00

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Date: 1. 8.1996 22:08:06

Schultheiß, G.F.: Google, Goggle, Google, ... : Whose Mind is it Anywhere? Identifying and Meeting Divers User Needs in the Ongoing Sattle for Mindshare - NFAIS 47th Annual Conference, Philadelphia, USA vom 27. Februar bis 1. März 2005 (2005) 0.00

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Date: 22. 5.2005 13:38:26

Zutter, S.: Alles dreht sich um die Suche : Information Online Konferenz in Sydney, Australien (2005) 0.00

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Date: 22. 5.2005 13:51:43

Drabenstott, K.M.: Web search strategies (2000) 0.00

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Date: 22. 9.1997 19:16:05

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