-
Galloway, P.: Preservation of digital objects (2003)
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- Abstract
- The preservation of digital objects (defined here as objects in digital form that require a computer to support their existence and display) is obviously an important practical issue for the information professions, with its importance growing daily as more information objects are produced in, or converted to, digital form. Yakel's (2001) review of the field provided a much-needed introduction. At the same time, the complexity of new digital objects continues to increase, challenging existing preservation efforts (Lee, Skattery, Lu, Tang, & McCrary, 2002). The field of information science itself is beginning to pay some reflexive attention to the creation of fragile and unpreservable digital objects. But these concerns focus often an the practical problems of short-term repurposing of digital objects rather than actual preservation, by which I mean the activity of carrying digital objects from one software generation to another, undertaken for purposes beyond the original reasons for creating the objects. For preservation in this sense to be possible, information science as a discipline needs to be active in the formulation of, and advocacy for, national information policies. Such policies will need to challenge the predominant cultural expectation of planned obsolescence for information resources, and cultural artifacts in general.
-
Enser, P.G.B.: Visual image retrieval (2008)
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- Date
- 22. 1.2012 13:01:26
-
Morris, S.A.: Mapping research specialties (2008)
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- Date
- 13. 7.2008 9:30:22
-
Fallis, D.: Social epistemology and information science (2006)
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- Date
- 13. 7.2008 19:22:28
-
Nicolaisen, J.: Citation analysis (2007)
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- Date
- 13. 7.2008 19:53:22
-
Metz, A.: Community service : a bibliography (1996)
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- Date
- 17.10.1996 14:22:33
-
Belkin, N.J.; Croft, W.B.: Retrieval techniques (1987)
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- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 22(1987), S.109-145
-
Smith, L.C.: Artificial intelligence and information retrieval (1987)
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- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 22(1987), S.41-77
-
Warner, A.J.: Natural language processing (1987)
0.03
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- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 22(1987), S.79-108
-
Olson, N.B.; Swanson, E.: ¬The year's work in nonbook processing (1989)
0.03
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- Abstract
- Reviews the literature, published in 1988, covering the cataloguing of audio-visual materials including: computerised files; music and sound recordings; film and video; graphic materials and 3-dimensional objects; maps; and preservation.
-
Grudin, J.: Human-computer interaction (2011)
0.03
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- Date
- 27.12.2014 18:54:22
-
Julien, C.-A.; Leide, J.E.; Bouthillier, F.: Controlled user evaluations of information visualization interfaces for text retrieval : literature review and meta-analysis (2008)
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- Abstract
- This review describes experimental designs (users, search tasks, measures, etc.) used by 31 controlled user studies of information visualization (IV) tools for textual information retrieval (IR) and a meta-analysis of the reported statistical effects. Comparable experimental designs allow research designers to compare their results with other reports, and support the development of experimentally verified design guidelines concerning which IV techniques are better suited to which types of IR tasks. The studies generally use a within-subject design with 15 or more undergraduate students performing browsing to known-item tasks on sets of at least 1,000 full-text articles or Web pages on topics of general interest/news. Results of the meta-analysis (N = 8) showed no significant effects of the IV tool as compared with a text-only equivalent, but the set shows great variability suggesting an inadequate basis of comparison. Experimental design recommendations are provided which would support comparison of existing IV tools for IR usability testing.
-
Rader, H.B.: Library orientation and instruction - 1993 (1994)
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- Source
- Reference services review. 22(1994) no.4, S.81-
-
Rasmussen, E.M.: Indexing images (1997)
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- Abstract
- State of the art review of methods available for accessing collections of digital images by means of manual and automatic indexing. Distinguishes between concept based indexing, in which images and the objects represented, are manually identified and described in terms of what they are and represent, and content based indexing, in which features of images (such as colours) are automatically identified and extracted. The main discussion is arranged in 6 sections: studies of image systems and their use; approaches to indexing images; image attributes; concept based indexing; content based indexing; and browsing in image retrieval. The performance of current image retrieval systems is largely untested and they still lack an extensive history and tradition of evaluation and standards for assessing performance. Concludes that there is a significant amount of research to be done before image retrieval systems can reach the state of development of text retrieval systems
-
Davenport, E.; Hall, H.: Organizational Knowledge and Communities of Practice (2002)
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- Abstract
- A community of practice has recently been defined as "a flexible group of professionals, informally bound by common interests, who interact through interdependent tasks guided by a common purpose thereby embodying a store of common knowledge" (Jubert, 1999, p. 166). The association of communities of practice with the production of collective knowledge has long been recognized, and they have been objects of study for a number of decades in the context of professional communication, particularly communication in science (Abbott, 1988; Bazerman & Paradis, 1991). Recently, however, they have been invoked in the domain of organization studies as sites where people learn and share insights. If, as Stinchcombe suggests, an organization is "a set of stable social relations, dehberately created, with the explicit intention of continuously accomplishing some specific goals or purposes" (Stinchcombe, 1965, p. 142), where does this "flexible" and "embodied" source of knowledge fit? Can communities of practice be harnessed, engineered, and managed like other organizational groups, or does their strength lie in the fact that they operate outside the stable and persistent social relations that characterize the organization?
-
Khoo, S.G.; Na, J.-C.: Semantic relations in information science (2006)
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- Abstract
- This chapter examines the nature of semantic relations and their main applications in information science. The nature and types of semantic relations are discussed from the perspectives of linguistics and psychology. An overview of the semantic relations used in knowledge structures such as thesauri and ontologies is provided, as well as the main techniques used in the automatic extraction of semantic relations from text. The chapter then reviews the use of semantic relations in information extraction, information retrieval, question-answering, and automatic text summarization applications. Concepts and relations are the foundation of knowledge and thought. When we look at the world, we perceive not a mass of colors but objects to which we automatically assign category labels. Our perceptual system automatically segments the world into concepts and categories. Concepts are the building blocks of knowledge; relations act as the cement that links concepts into knowledge structures. We spend much of our lives identifying regular associations and relations between objects, events, and processes so that the world has an understandable structure and predictability. Our lives and work depend on the accuracy and richness of this knowledge structure and its web of relations. Relations are needed for reasoning and inferencing. Chaffin and Herrmann (1988b, p. 290) noted that "relations between ideas have long been viewed as basic to thought, language, comprehension, and memory." Aristotle's Metaphysics (Aristotle, 1961; McKeon, expounded on several types of relations. The majority of the 30 entries in a section of the Metaphysics known today as the Philosophical Lexicon referred to relations and attributes, including cause, part-whole, same and opposite, quality (i.e., attribute) and kind-of, and defined different types of each relation. Hume (1955) pointed out that there is a connection between successive ideas in our minds, even in our dreams, and that the introduction of an idea in our mind automatically recalls an associated idea. He argued that all the objects of human reasoning are divided into relations of ideas and matters of fact and that factual reasoning is founded on the cause-effect relation. His Treatise of Human Nature identified seven kinds of relations: resemblance, identity, relations of time and place, proportion in quantity or number, degrees in quality, contrariety, and causation. Mill (1974, pp. 989-1004) discoursed on several types of relations, claiming that all things are either feelings, substances, or attributes, and that attributes can be a quality (which belongs to one object) or a relation to other objects.
-
Riesthuis, G.J.A.; Schmitz-Esser, W.: Bibliography of 10 years International Society for Knowledge Organization (1999)
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- Abstract
- On the 22nd of July, 1989, the International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO) was founded. Starting in August 1989 ISKO had an official organ, the journal International Classification. This Journal was founded in 1974 by Dr. Ingetraut Dahlberg, the first President of the ISKO. With volume 20 (1993) the name of the journal was changed to Knowledge Organization. This bibliography has been compiled on the occasion of the second decade of ISKO. This bibliography indexes the content of International Classification and Knowledge Organization starting with International Classification volume 16(1989) issue 3 and ending with Knowledge Organization volume 26(1999) issue 3. All articles and all book reviews are included. From the news items, only those for which an author is mentioned and that were especially written for International Classification or Knowledge Organization, are entered in this bibliography. The bibliography also contains the papers of conferences organized by the International Society for Knowledge Organization, one of its national chapters, or sponsored by the ISKO or one of its chapters. If we overlooked a conference of which the papers should have been included, we apologize for this omission. A list of the conferences included can be found in the list of abbreviations. The bibliography is based on the literature that was available to the compilers. However, not all conference proceedings included in the bibliography could be found in sources available to us. In these cases descriptions from the bibliographies in International Classification and Knowledge Organization were used. For a few proceedings the help of national chapters was sought and obtained. They deserve our thanks. The bibliography is ordered according to the classification used for the current bibliography in Knowledge Organization. The complete classification - as it is used now - is published in this issue of Knowledge Organization. The bibliography also includes an Author Index. We want to add that this bibliography is more complete than the bibliographies in International Classification and Knowledge Organization. We hope that you will find this bibliography useful and timely
-
Hsueh, D.C.: Recon road maps : retrospective conversion literature, 1980-1990 (1992)
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- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 14(1992) nos.3/4, S.5-22
-
Gabbard, R.: Recent literature shows accelerated growth in hypermedia tools : an annotated bibliography (1994)
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- Reference services review. 22(1994) no.2, S.31-40
-
Buckland, M.K.; Liu, Z.: History of information science (1995)
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- Date
- 13. 6.1996 19:22:20
