Search (111 results, page 1 of 6)

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Abstract

This paper examines issues relating to the use of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) in a future development of view-based searching to Online Public Access Catalogues (OPAC). View-based searching systems, exercising the principles of fully faceted classification techniques for both bibliographic and corporate database retrieval applications, are now being applied to utilise Dewey concept hierarchies in a University OPAC. Issues of efficiency and effectiveness in the evolving organisation and classification of information within libraries are examined to explain why fully faceted classification schemes have yet to realise their full potential in libraries. The key to their application in OPACs lies in the use of faceted classification as pre-coordinated indexing and abandoning the single dimension relative ordering of books on shelves. The need to maintain a single relative physical position on a bookshelf is the major source of complexity in classification. Extensive latent benefits will be realised when systematic subject arrangements, providing alternative views onto OPACs, are coupled to view-based browser and search techniques. Time and effort will be saved, and effectiveness increased, as rapid access is provided to the most appropriate information to satisfy the needs of the user. A future for Dewey Classification divorced from its decimal notation is anticipated

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Abstract

The application of classification schemes and thesauri to improve online information retrieval can be traced back to the beginnings of online searching itself, but the true potential for using knowledge structures in the user interface has yet to be realized. View-based searching seeks to exploit the classified arrangements in thesauri and existing classification schemes to improve the performance of such systems. HIBROWSE for EMBASE is a system which demonstrates the power of applying an approach to information retrieval which is strongly related to faceted classification. It does this by employing a point a click user interface with mutually constraining views utilising knowledge structure hierarchies for both query specification and the presentation of results. The relevance of this approach to library OPACs is discussed in the context of the digital library, concluding that out legacy of research in classification and indexing is more relevant than ever in the design of systems to cope with the problems of information access

Source

International cataloguing and bibliographic control. 27(1998) no.2, S.37-40

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Abstract

In an effort to assist users in the identification of significant Internet resources, libraries and librarians have begun to apply established library classification and subject schemes as the organizational framework for accessing and navigating these electronic sources. We will profile selected notable applications of national and international library classification schemes for organizing World Wide Web (WWW) resources as well as sites that have applied controlled vocabularies to facilitate access to selected collections of Net resources. With these and similar efforts as a conceptual foundation, we then focus on the potential application of new and emerging technologies to further enhance use of digital collections, notably intelligent software agents, information visualization techniques, auditory displays and haptic interactive devices. We conclude with a review of significant Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies and computer-based ontologies, and speculate on their potential application for representing, accessing, and navigating digital resources

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Abstract

Faceted navigation is already a standard feature of contemporary Online Public Access Catalogs (OPACs). The article aims to indicate practices in this area and new affordances that faceted navigation provides. The content of 55 Polish university library websites and their OPACs using faceted navigation was analyzed. After selecting the subject facets, the source of the terms constituting their content was analyzed using the MARC 21 bibliographic record format structure. During the transfer of traditional KOS affordances to those of faceted navigation, the former knowledge organization (KO) structures were deconstructed, which may require the creation of a new kind of KOS.

Source

Cataloging and classification quarterly. 60(2022) no.1, p.86-111

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Abstract

The physical organisation of items on library shelves using any classification scheme is inevitable a compromise. The best efforts to achieve an arrangement that is helpful to users will be thwarted by the multifaceted nature of these items and the specific needs of the user and the library. Items on a particular subject will be scattered throughout the library building(s) across disciplines, by physical form, by frequency of use and whether and for how long they may be borrowed. Even thought he rich information content of multifaceted items may be represented in the notation, the items required by a user will be scattered across library shelves when the item is placed in a single relative location. This paper explores these issues uisng examples from a University Library classified using the DDC. The electronic context of the library OPAC can transcend the constraints imposed by the predominantly physical nature of library collections, yet the current use of classification schemes in on-line systems retains many of these limitations. Examples of such systems applying DDC on the WWW are discussed and compared with a system that seeks to use DDC in what is called view-based searching. The interface and the resulting browsing and searching capability of a view-based OPAC are described. Ways in which subject access to library collections can be improved and disciplinary scatter resolved by assigning multiple class number to items and exploiting the rich Dewey structure in a faceted form are discussed. It is suggested that the informative power of visual classificatory structures at the search interface will be beneficial to the broader learning experience of the user. The paper concludes that the application of classification schemes in electronic interfaces should not be bound by the the physical constraints that no longer apply in an electronic context but be exploited to provide a complete, flexible and individual interface as determined by the needs of each user

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Abstract

Demonstrates that a mode of interaction, analogous to the optomechanical principles applied in the Peek-a-Boo system, can be applied in computerized retrieval systems to enhance the quality of human-computer interaction radically and increase effectiveness. The MenUSE (Menu based User Search Engine) software has evolved from constructing explicit Boolean combinations of concepts automatically to using an implicit Boolean searching approach, similar to Peek-a-Boo. Thesauri and classification schemes, together with other searchable values, provide the user with views of a database and a means for the recognition and selection of concepts and other parameters by the end user. The resulting filtering model has been implemented for searching the European Parliament's EPOQUE database and for INSPEC. This second application provides illustrations of the technique for this paper

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Abstract

The study adopts a naturalistic approach to investigate users' interaction with a browsable MeSH (medical subject headings) display designed to facilitate query construction for the PubMed bibliographic database. The purpose of the study is twofold: first, to test the usefulness of a browsable interface utilizing the principle of faceted classification; and second, to investigate users' preferred query submission methods in different problematic situations. An interface that incorporated multiple query submission methods - the conventional single-line query box as well as methods associated the faceted classification display was constructed. Participants' interactions with the interface were monitored remotely over a period of 10 weeks; information about their problematic situations and information retrieval behaviors were also collected during this time. The traditional controlled experiment was not adequate in answering the author's research questions; hence, the author provides his rationale for a naturalistic approach. The study's findings show that there is indeed a selective compatibility between query submission methods provided by the MeSH display and users' problematic situations. The query submission methods associated with the display were found to be the preferred search tools when users' information needs were vague and the search topics unfamiliar. The findings support the theoretical proposition that users engaging in an information retrieval process with a variety of problematic situations need different approaches. The author argues that rather than treat the information retrieval system as a general purpose tool, more attention should be given to the interaction between the functionality of the tool and the characteristics of users' problematic situations.

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Abstract

In this paper we present the results of an experiment to help professional scientists and engineers undertake their own literature searches using a number of the major online bibliographic databases. The end-users, or experimental subjects, are already familiar with Deco, the text storage and retrieval system used by Unilever, but have little or no knowledge of the major online database systems, such as Orbit, Dialog, BRS, etc. The paper describes the design and development of a front-end system which simplifies the 'logon' procedure and converts Deco format commands into any of the other required languages. The users can thus search any of the major online databases just as if they were searching their own files on their local system ...

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Abstract

The HIBROWSE design offers improved searching functionality for users of bibliographic databases. The interface provides a multi windowed view of data stored on a relational database management system, using layered attribute value aggregation and classification. The user interrogates the database by invoking automatically formulated SQL queries that filter the contents of each window according to user selected attribute values. The interface is described using 'hand crafted' screens to create realistic examples of HIBROWSE systems for EPOQUE, INSPEC, MEDLINE and EMBASE

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Source

Proceedings of the 6th ASIS SIG/CR Classification Research Workshop, Oct. 8, 1995, Chicago, IL. Ed.: R.P. Schwartz et al

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Abstract

Outlines the progress of HyperLib, research which began in 1993 to develop a hypertext interface to the online catalogue and other databases at the University of Antwerp. A human factors oriented design methodology was adopted. A user survey was carried out. The project has focused on development of electronic guides and manual and interfaces to access an academic bibliography database and the UDC subject classification scheme. Evaluation is being carried out in 1995

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Abstract

The recent explosion of the Internet and the WWW has made digital libraries popular. Easy access to a digital library is provided by commercially available Web browsers, which provide a user-friendly interface. To retrieve documents of interest, the user is provided with a search interface that may only consist of one input field and one push button. Most users type in a single keyword, click the button, and hope for the best. The result of a query using this kind of search interface can consist of a large unordered set of documents, or a ranked list of documents based on the freuqency of the keywords. Both lists can contain articles unrelated to the user's inquiry unless a sophisticated search was performed and the user knows exactly what to look for. More sophisticated algorithms for ranking the search results according to how well they meet the users needs as expressed in the search input may help. However, what is desperately needed are software tools that can analyze the search result and manipulate large hierarchies of data graphically. In this article we describe the design of a language-independent document classification systems being developed to help users of the Florida Center for Library Automation analyze search query results. Easy access through the Web is provided, as well as a graphical user interface to display the classification results. We also describe the use of this system to retrieve and analyze sets of documents from public Web sites

Content

"We use the term 'classification' to denote the general process of identifying the subject matter of a document. We use the term 'clustering' to refer to the process of forming groups (clusters) of documents with related topics and subtopics, and visualizing those clusters"

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Abstract

The Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) is an information retrieval system characterized by short bibliographic records, mainly of books, journals, and audiovisual materials available in a particular library. This, coupled with a Boolean search interface and a heterogeneous user population with diverse needs, presents special problems for subject searching by end users. To perform effective subject searching in the OPAC system requires a wide range of knowledge and skills. Various approaches to improving the OPAC design for subject searching have been proposed and are reviewed in this entry. The trend toward Web-based OPAC interfaces and the developments in Internet and digital library technologies present fresh opportunities for enhancing the effectiveness of the OPAC system for subject searching.

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Footnote

Rez. in: International Classification 18(1991) S. 233-235 (C. Beghtol)

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Abstract

This paper discusses constraints in knowledge organisation for information retrieval introduced by the difficulty of separating logical views of data, information, concepts and their relationships, from the physical means by which we seek to implement retrieval systems. A parallel is drawn between the move from enumerated to faceted classification and the emergence of relational database management systems to replace those adopting a hierarchical structure. This parallel suggests a convergence of ideas which have been, to a large extent, developed independently. The role of post-coordinated retrieval systems and thesauri is then examined before an interface design (HIBROWSE - a High resolution Interface for BROWsing and SEarching databases), is described which brings together the principles of faceted classification and increases the bandwidth of interaction through view-based searching.

Source

Knowledge organization for information retrieval: Proceedings of the 6th International Study Conference on Classification Research ; held at University College, London, 16-18 June 1997

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Footnote

Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Cataloging and classification: trends, transformations, teaching, and training."

Source

Cataloging and classification quarterly. 24(1997) nos.1/2, S.141-161

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Abstract

View based searching and multi view searching using HIBROWSE proposes a new paradigm for information retrieval from bibliographic databases and database management systems. The paradigm replaces command line and form based interaction with query specification and interaction which requires the user to identify views relating to query facets of the subject of their query. Attempted to apply techniques from human-computer interaction design in the development, construction and usability evaluation of a view based searching system for a very large bibliographic database. As the development of the HIBROWSE system had been in progress before usability became a major concern, as well as the class of system being developed, greater progress towards improved usability was made by adopting a less structured development life-cycle. Examined the usefulness of a number of usability evaluation methods in the context of trying to determine the usability of designs in interactive information retrieval systems. Measurement of the subjective usability of prototypes reinforced the finding of users' difficulties in forming a useful account of the system behaviour and functionality from the training material provided, highlighted some aspects of the system that could be improved, and the greater usability of the HIBROWSE prototypes over an extant commercial bibliographic database system

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Abstract

Standards for user interfaces for access to bibliographic data bases cannot be developed without more complete understanding of the current user, user attitude and capabilities. Gives 3 means of achieving this based on observing the user. 45% of access points in subject searches results in no retrievals. Errors in searching on-line catalogues occur with a 40% no hit title search rate and a 51% no hit author search rate when those records were on the data base. Stresses the importance of fundamental user interface components contained in the IBM staff publication systems guide. Concludes that although there is no such thing as a standard user it is still vital to develop user standards