Search (81 results, page 2 of 5)

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Theme

Computer Based Training

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Editor

Bildarchiv Foto Marburg, Computer & Letteren Utrecht

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Issue

CD-ROM for Apple MacIntosh computer and Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT

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Abstract

EINE PROVOKATION feiert Geburtstag. Vor nunmehr zehn Jahren löste sie eine kontroverse Debatte aus, die anders als die meisten wissenschaftlichen Debatten nach dem Austausch der Argumente und Daten nicht im Nu erledigt war. Sie zieht sich bis heute hin und macht keinerlei Anstalten, sich zu legen. Vordergründig geht es um Chinesische Zimmer und Chinesische Turnhallen, um Schnellrestaurants, um sprechende Maschinen, um Computer und wieviel Intelligenz sie eines Tages ihr eigen nennen könnten - und in Wahrheit bei alledem um die Letzten Dinge, jene, die Leidenschaften wekken: Was ist der menschliche Geist? Kann es eines Tages eine Maschine geben, die Geist hat? Was die Kontroverse in Gang setzte, war eine Herausforderung an die junge Disziplin der Künstlichen Intelligenz. Das menschliche Geistorgan, so lautete sie, funktioniere nicht wie ein Computer, und folglich könne ein Computer es auch nie und nimmer duplizieren.

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Abstract

Die Spezial-CD, mit der Sie jetzt blitzschnell und treffsicher durch das Net surfen: Hier finden Sie alle Tricks, wie Sie mit intelligenten Suchsystemen, den 'Robots', 'Wanderers', 'Worms' oder 'Spiders', Millionen von Web-Seiten durchsuchen und sofort zur richtigen Fundstelle kommen

Theme

Web-Agenten

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Abstract

Many libraries manage Web sites intended to provide their users with online resources suitable for answering reference questions. Most of these sites can be analyzed in terms of their depth, and their organizing and searching features. Composing a typology based on these factors sheds light on the critical design decisions that influence whether users of these sites succees or fail to find information easily, rapidly and accurately. The same analysis highlights some larger design issues, both for Web sites and for information management at large

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Theme

Computer Based Training

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Theme

Web-Agenten

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Abstract

Finding information located somewhere on the WWW is an error-prone and frustrating task. The WebQuey system offers a powerful new method for searching the Web based on connectivity and content. We do this by examining links among the nodes returned in a keyword-based query. We then rank the nodes, giving the highest rank to the most highly connected nodes. By doing so, we are finding 'hot spots' on the Web that contain onformation germane to a user's query. WebQuery not only ranks and filters the results of a Web query, it also extends the result set beyond what the search engine retrieves, by finding 'interesting' sites that are hoghly connected to those sites returned by the original query. Even with WebQuery filtering and ranking query results, the result sets can be enourmous. So, wen need to visualize the returned information. We explore several techniques for visualizing this information - including cone trees, 2D graphs, 3D graphy, lists, and bullseyes - and discuss the criteria for using each of the techniques

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Abstract

Zu den großen Herausforderungen einer sinnvollen Suche im WWW gehören die riesige Menge des Verfügbaren und die Sparchbarrieren. Verfahren, die die Web-Ressourcen im Hinblick auf ein effizienteres Retrieval inhaltlich strukturieren, werden daher ebenso dringend benötigt wie Programme, die mit der Sprachvielfalt umgehen können. Im folgenden Vortrag werden wir einige Ansätze diskutieren, die zur Bewältigung der beiden Probleme derzeit unternommen werden

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Abstract

A subject gateway, in the context of network-based resource access, can be defined as some facility that allows easier access to network-based resources in a defined subject area. The simplest types of subject gateways are sets of Web pages containing lists of links to resources. Some gateways index their lists of links and provide a simple search facility. More advanced gateways offer a much enhanced service via a system consisting of a resource database and various indexes, which can be searched and/or browsed through a Web-based interface. Each entry in the database contains information about a network-based resource, such as a Web page, Web site, mailing list or document. Entries are usually created by a cataloguer manually identifying a suitable resource, describing the resource using a template, and submitting the template to the database for indexing. Subject gateways are also known as subject-based information gateways (SBIGs), subject-based gateways, subject index gateways, virtual libraries, clearing houses, subject trees, pathfinders and other variations thereof. This paper describes the characteristics of some of the subject gateways currently accessible through the Web, and compares them to automatic "vacuum cleaner" type search engines, such as AltaVista. The application of WHOIS++, centroids, query routing, and forward knowledge to searching several of these subject gateways simultaneously is outlined. The paper concludes with looking at some of the issues facing subject gateway development in the near future. The paper touches on many of the issues mentioned in a previous paper in D-Lib Magazine, especially regarding resource-discovery related initiatives and services.

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Abstract

Since their inception in the early 1960s the strength and unique aspect of the ISI citation indexes has been their ability to illustrate the conceptual relationships between scholarly documents. When authors create reference lists for their papers, they make explicit links between their own, current work and the prior work of others. The exact nature of these links may not be expressed in the references themselves, and the motivation behind them may vary (this has been the subject of much discussion over the years), but the links embodied in references do exist. Over the past 30+ years, technology has allowed ISI to make the presentation of citation searching increasingly accessible to users of our products. Citation searching and link tracking moved from being rather cumbersome in print, to being direct and efficient (albeit non-intuitive) online, to being somewhat more user-friendly in CD format. But it is the confluence of the hypertext link and development of Web browsers that has enabled us to present to users a new form of citation product -- the Web of Science -- that is intuitive and makes citation indexing conceptually accessible. A cited reference search begins with a known, important (or at least relevant) document used as the search term. The search allows one to identify subsequent articles that have cited that document. This feature adds the dimension of prospective searching to the usual retrospective searching that all bibliographic indexes provide. Citation indexing is a prime example of a concept before its time - important enough to be used in the meantime by those sufficiently motivated, but just waiting for the right technology to come along to expand its use. While it was possible to follow citation links in earlier citation index formats, this required a level of effort on the part of users that was often just too much to ask of the casual user. In the citation indexes as presented in the Web of Science, the relationship between citing and cited documents is evident to users, and a click of the mouse is all it takes to follow a citation link. Citation connections are established between the published papers being indexed from the 8,000+ journals ISI covers and the items their reference lists contain during the data capture process. It is the standardized capture of each of the references included with these documents that enables us to provide the citation searching feature in all the citation index formats, as well as both internal and external links in the Web of Science.

Object

Web of Science

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Abstract

RDF - the Resource Description Framework - is a foundation for processing metadata; it provides interoperability between applications that exchange machine-understandable information on the Web. RDF emphasizes facilities to enable automated processing of Web resources. RDF metadata can be used in a variety of application areas; for example: in resource discovery to provide better search engine capabilities; in cataloging for describing the content and content relationships available at a particular Web site, page, or digital library; by intelligent software agents to facilitate knowledge sharing and exchange; in content rating; in describing collections of pages that represent a single logical "document"; for describing intellectual property rights of Web pages, and in many others. RDF with digital signatures will be key to building the "Web of Trust" for electronic commerce, collaboration, and other applications. Metadata is "data about data" or specifically in the context of RDF "data describing web resources." The distinction between "data" and "metadata" is not an absolute one; it is a distinction created primarily by a particular application. Many times the same resource will be interpreted in both ways simultaneously. RDF encourages this view by using XML as the encoding syntax for the metadata. The resources being described by RDF are, in general, anything that can be named via a URI. The broad goal of RDF is to define a mechanism for describing resources that makes no assumptions about a particular application domain, nor defines the semantics of any application domain. The definition of the mechanism should be domain neutral, yet the mechanism should be suitable for describing information about any domain. This document introduces a model for representing RDF metadata and one syntax for expressing and transporting this metadata in a manner that maximizes the interoperability of independently developed web servers and clients. The syntax described in this document is best considered as a "serialization syntax" for the underlying RDF representation model. The serialization syntax is XML, XML being the W3C's work-in-progress to define a richer Web syntax for a variety of applications. RDF and XML are complementary; there will be alternate ways to represent the same RDF data model, some more suitable for direct human authoring. Future work may lead to including such alternatives in this document.

Theme

Semantic Web

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Abstract

The desalination industry involves the desalting of sea or brackish water and achieves the purpose of increasing the worls's effective water supply. There are approximately 4.000 desalination Web sites. The six major Internet search engines were used to determine, according to each of the six, the top twenty sites for desalination. Each site was visited and the 120 gross returns were pared down to the final ten - the 'Top Ten'. The Top Ten were then analyzed to determine what it was that made the sites useful and informative. The major attributes were: a) currency (up-to-date); b) search site capability; c) access to articles on desalination; d) newsletters; e) databases; f) product information; g) online conferencing; h) valuable links to other sites; l) communication links; j) site maps; and k) case studies. Reasons for having a Web site and the current status and prospects for Internet commerce are discussed

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Abstract

Summaries of the popular engines extrated from the search sites. Summaries are from: AltaVista, Excite, HotBot, InfoSeek, Ultra, Lycos, OpenText Web Index, and Yahoo. Information covered includes Contents, Searching tips, Results, and Update frequency

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Abstract

This is the second part of two articles about reference linking in hybrid digital libraries. The first part, Frameworks for Linking described the current state-of-the-art and contrasted various approaches to the problem. It identified static and dynamic linking solutions, as well as open and closed linking frameworks. It also included an extensive bibliography. The second part describes our work at the University of Ghent to address these issues. SFX is a generic linking system that we have developed for our own needs, but its underlying concepts can be applied in a wide range of digital libraries. This is a description of the approach to the creation of extended services in a hybrid library environment that has been taken by the Library Automation team at the University of Ghent. The ongoing research has been grouped under the working title Special Effects (SFX). In order to explain the SFX-concepts in a comprehensive way, the discussion will start with a brief description of pre-SFX experiments. Thereafter, the basics of the SFX-approach are explained briefly, in combination with concrete implementation choices taken for the Elektron SFX-linking experiment. Elektron was the name of a modest digital library collaboration between the Universities of Ghent, Louvain and Antwerp.