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  1. Heinz, A.: ¬Diie Lösung des Leib-Seele-Problems bei John R. Searle (2002) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    Das Verhältnis von Leib und Seele, oder, um es zeitgemäßer auszudrücken, von Physischem und Mentalem, ist "eine der zentralen und hartnäckigsten Fragestellungen der Philosophie" . Wenn es darum geht, wie unser Gehirn Bewußtsein hervorbringen kann, ist auch in neuesten Beiträgen von einem "Rätsel" oder einem "Geheimnis" die Rede. Trotzdem werden immer mehr optimistische Stimmen laut, die diesem Rätsel auf der Spur zu sein scheinen oder es bereits als gelöst betrachten. Dabei spielt die Erforschung der neurobiologischen Grundlage des Bewußtseins, des Gehirns, eine entscheidende Rolle. John R. Searle gehört zu den zeitgenössischen Philosophen, für die das Leib -Seele - Problem eine "ganz einfache Lösung" gefunden hat: "Und das ist sie: Geistige Phänomene werden von neurophysiologischen Vorgängen im Hirn verursacht und sind selbst Merkmale des Hirns." Daß die (biologische) Tatsache des Bewußtseins von Vielen immer noch als ein geheimnisvolles Phänomen aufgefaßt wird, wurzelt seiner Meinung nach darin, "daß wir mit einem überholten Vokabular des 17. Jahrhunderts über ein Problem des 20. Jahrhunderts sprechen". Sein Ausgangspunkt ist somit die Kritik an den traditionellen Lösungsmodellen des Leib -Seele -Problems, die allesamt auf die cartesische Unterscheidung von res cogitans und res extensa zurückgreifen. An drei solcher Positionen soll im ersten Kapitel dieser Arbeit exemplarisch verdeutlicht werden, warum Searle deren Untauglichkeit konstatieren kann. Im zweiten Kapitel wird es um die sog. Intentionalität gehen, die als Kern der Funktionsweise des Bewußtseins (grob gesprochen) das Vermögen bezeichnet, mit der Welt in Beziehung zu treten. Sie ist für Searle der Schlüssel, der die Tür zum Verständnis des Bewußtseins öffnen kann, ohne auf mißverständliche mystifizierende Kategorien rekurrieren zu müssen. Die Entfaltung seines Neuansatzes zur Struktur des Bewußtseins, den er den "biologischen Naturalismus" nennt, bildet den dritten Schwerpunkt. Dort wird gezeigt, daß Mentales und Physisches nicht dem Wesen nach unterschieden sind, sondern eine biologische Einheit bilden.
    Content
    Eine Hausarbeit JOHANNES GUTENBERG-UNIVERSITÄT FACHBEREICH KATHOLISCHE THEOLOGIE SEMINAR FÜR FUNDAMENTALTHEOLOGIE UND RELIGIONSWISSENSCHAFT, Hauptseminar: "Das Leib-Seele -Problem" (SS 2002), Leitung: Prof. Dr. Arnim Kreiner
  2. Verwer, K.: Freiheit und Verantwortung bei Hans Jonas (2011) 0.08 
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    Content
    Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fcreativechoice.org%2Fdoc%2FHansJonas.pdf&usg=AOvVaw1TM3teaYKgABL5H9yoIifA&opi=89978449.
  3. Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    By the explosion of possibilities for a ubiquitous content production, the information overload problem reaches the level of complexity which cannot be managed by traditional modelling approaches anymore. Due to their pure syntactical nature traditional information retrieval approaches did not succeed in treating content itself (i.e. its meaning, and not its representation). This leads to a very low usefulness of the results of a retrieval process for a user's task at hand. In the last ten years ontologies have been emerged from an interesting conceptualisation paradigm to a very promising (semantic) modelling technology, especially in the context of the Semantic Web. From the information retrieval point of view, ontologies enable a machine-understandable form of content description, such that the retrieval process can be driven by the meaning of the content. However, the very ambiguous nature of the retrieval process in which a user, due to the unfamiliarity with the underlying repository and/or query syntax, just approximates his information need in a query, implies a necessity to include the user in the retrieval process more actively in order to close the gap between the meaning of the content and the meaning of a user's query (i.e. his information need). This thesis lays foundation for such an ontology-based interactive retrieval process, in which the retrieval system interacts with a user in order to conceptually interpret the meaning of his query, whereas the underlying domain ontology drives the conceptualisation process. In that way the retrieval process evolves from a query evaluation process into a highly interactive cooperation between a user and the retrieval system, in which the system tries to anticipate the user's information need and to deliver the relevant content proactively. Moreover, the notion of content relevance for a user's query evolves from a content dependent artefact to the multidimensional context-dependent structure, strongly influenced by the user's preferences. This cooperation process is realized as the so-called Librarian Agent Query Refinement Process. In order to clarify the impact of an ontology on the retrieval process (regarding its complexity and quality), a set of methods and tools for different levels of content and query formalisation is developed, ranging from pure ontology-based inferencing to keyword-based querying in which semantics automatically emerges from the results. Our evaluation studies have shown that the possibilities to conceptualize a user's information need in the right manner and to interpret the retrieval results accordingly are key issues for realizing much more meaningful information retrieval systems.
    Content
    Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.
  4. Riebe, U.: John R. Searles Position zum Leib-Seele-Problem (2008) 0.05 
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  5. Farazi, M.: Faceted lightweight ontologies : a formalization and some experiments (2010) 0.03 
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    Content
    PhD Dissertation at International Doctorate School in Information and Communication Technology. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F150083013.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2n-qisNagpyT0lli_6QbAQ.
  6. Shala, E.: ¬Die Autonomie des Menschen und der Maschine : gegenwärtige Definitionen von Autonomie zwischen philosophischem Hintergrund und technologischer Umsetzbarkeit (2014) 0.03 
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    Footnote
    Vgl. unter: https://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwizweHljdbcAhVS16QKHXcFD9QQFjABegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F271200105_Die_Autonomie_des_Menschen_und_der_Maschine_-_gegenwartige_Definitionen_von_Autonomie_zwischen_philosophischem_Hintergrund_und_technologischer_Umsetzbarkeit_Redigierte_Version_der_Magisterarbeit_Karls&usg=AOvVaw06orrdJmFF2xbCCp_hL26q.
  7. Piros, A.: Az ETO-jelzetek automatikus interpretálásának és elemzésének kérdései (2018) 0.03 
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    Content
    Vgl. auch: New automatic interpreter for complex UDC numbers. Unter: <https%3A%2F%2Fudcc.org%2Ffiles%2FAttilaPiros_EC_36-37_2014-2015.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3kc9CwDDCWP7aArpfjrs5b>
  8. Gabler, S.: Vergabe von DDC-Sachgruppen mittels eines Schlagwort-Thesaurus (2021) 0.03 
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    Content
    Master thesis Master of Science (Library and Information Studies) (MSc), Universität Wien. Advisor: Christoph Steiner. Vgl.: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371680244_Vergabe_von_DDC-Sachgruppen_mittels_eines_Schlagwort-Thesaurus. DOI: 10.25365/thesis.70030. Vgl. dazu die Präsentation unter: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CAIQw7AJahcKEwjwoZzzytz_AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.dnb.de%2Fdownload%2Fattachments%2F252121510%2FDA3%2520Workshop-Gabler.pdf%3Fversion%3D1%26modificationDate%3D1671093170000%26api%3Dv2&psig=AOvVaw0szwENK1or3HevgvIDOfjx&ust=1687719410889597&opi=89978449.
  9. Kiren, T.: ¬A clustering based indexing technique of modularized ontologies for information retrieval (2017) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Indexing plays a vital role in Information Retrieval. With the availability of huge volume of information, it has become necessary to index the information in such a way to make easier for the end users to find the information they want efficiently and accurately. Keyword-based indexing uses words as indexing terms. It is not capable of capturing the implicit relation among terms or the semantics of the words in the document. To eliminate this limitation, ontology-based indexing came into existence, which allows semantic based indexing to solve complex and indirect user queries. Ontologies are used for document indexing which allows semantic based information retrieval. Existing ontologies or the ones constructed from scratch are used presently for indexing. Constructing ontologies from scratch is a labor-intensive task and requires extensive domain knowledge whereas use of an existing ontology may leave some important concepts in documents un-annotated. Using multiple ontologies can overcome the problem of missing out concepts to a great extent, but it is difficult to manage (changes in ontologies over time by their developers) multiple ontologies and ontology heterogeneity also arises due to ontologies constructed by different ontology developers. One possible solution to managing multiple ontologies and build from scratch is to use modular ontologies for indexing.
    Modular ontologies are built in modular manner by combining modules from multiple relevant ontologies. Ontology heterogeneity also arises during modular ontology construction because multiple ontologies are being dealt with, during this process. Ontologies need to be aligned before using them for modular ontology construction. The existing approaches for ontology alignment compare all the concepts of each ontology to be aligned, hence not optimized in terms of time and search space utilization. A new indexing technique is proposed based on modular ontology. An efficient ontology alignment technique is proposed to solve the heterogeneity problem during the construction of modular ontology. Results are satisfactory as Precision and Recall are improved by (8%) and (10%) respectively. The value of Pearsons Correlation Coefficient for degree of similarity, time, search space requirement, precision and recall are close to 1 which shows that the results are significant. Further research can be carried out for using modular ontology based indexing technique for Multimedia Information Retrieval and Bio-Medical information retrieval.
    Date
    20. 1.2015 18:30:22
  10. Xiong, C.: Knowledge based text representations for information retrieval (2016) 0.03 
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    Content
    Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Language and Information Technologies. Vgl.: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~cx%2Fpapers%2Fknowledge_based_text_representation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0SaTSvhWLTh__Uz_HtOtl3.
  11. Trucks, A.: Grenzfälle zwischen schöner Literatur und Sachliteratur als Problem der inhaltlichen Erschließung in Öffentlichen Bibliotheken (1988) 0.02 
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  12. Senkbeil, T.: ¬Das Problem der Kategorienbildung und der Begriff des "Gegenstandes" in der inhaltlichen Erschließung Schöner Literatur : Analyse bestehender Erschließungssysteme und Diskussion möglicher Ansätze aus der Literaturwissenschaft (1988) 0.02 
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  13. Stünkel, M.: Neuere Methoden der inhaltlichen Erschließung schöner Literatur in öffentlichen Bibliotheken (1986) 0.02 
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    Date
    4. 8.2006 21:35:22
  14. Menges, T.: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Übertragbarkeit eines Buches auf Hypertext am Beispiel einer französischen Grundgrammatik (Klein; Kleineidam) (1997) 0.02 
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    Date
    22. 7.1998 18:23:25
  15. Schneider, A.: ¬Die Verzeichnung und sachliche Erschließung der Belletristik in Kaysers Bücherlexikon und im Schlagwortkatalog Georg/Ost (1980) 0.02 
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    Date
    5. 8.2006 13:07:22
  16. Sperling, R.: Anlage von Literaturreferenzen für Onlineressourcen auf einer virtuellen Lernplattform (2004) 0.02 
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    Date
    26.11.2005 18:39:22
  17. Stanz, G.: Medienarchive: Analyse einer unterschätzten Ressource : Archivierung, Dokumentation, und Informationsvermittlung in Medien bei besonderer Berücksichtigung von Pressearchiven (1994) 0.01 
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    22. 2.1997 19:50:29
  18. Hartwieg, U.: ¬Die nationalbibliographische Situation im 18. Jahrhundert : Vorüberlegungen zur Verzeichnung der deutschen Drucke in einem VD18 (1999) 0.01 
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  19. Milanesi, C.: Möglichkeiten der Kooperation im Rahmen von Subject Gateways : das Euler-Projekt im Vergleich mit weiteren europäischen Projekten (2001) 0.01 
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  20. Mao, M.: Ontology mapping : towards semantic interoperability in distributed and heterogeneous environments (2008) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This dissertation studies ontology mapping: the problem of finding semantic correspondences between similar elements of different ontologies. In the dissertation, elements denote classes or properties of ontologies. The goal of this research is to use ontology mapping to make heterogeneous information more accessible. The World Wide Web (WWW) now is widely used as a universal medium for information exchange. Semantic interoperability among different information systems in the WWW is limited due to information heterogeneity, and the non semantic nature of HTML and URLs. Ontologies have been suggested as a way to solve the problem of information heterogeneity by providing formal, explicit definitions of data and reasoning ability over related concepts. Given that no universal ontology exists for the WWW, work has focused on finding semantic correspondences between similar elements of different ontologies, i.e., ontology mapping. Ontology mapping can be done either by hand or using automated tools. Manual mapping becomes impractical as the size and complexity of ontologies increases. Full or semi-automated mapping approaches have been examined by several research studies. Previous full or semiautomated mapping approaches include analyzing linguistic information of elements in ontologies, treating ontologies as structural graphs, applying heuristic rules and machine learning techniques, and using probabilistic and reasoning methods etc. In this paper, two generic ontology mapping approaches are proposed. One is the PRIOR+ approach, which utilizes both information retrieval and artificial intelligence techniques in the context of ontology mapping. The other is the non-instance learning based approach, which experimentally explores machine learning algorithms to solve ontology mapping problem without requesting any instance. The results of the PRIOR+ on different tests at OAEI ontology matching campaign 2007 are encouraging. The non-instance learning based approach has shown potential for solving ontology mapping problem on OAEI benchmark tests.

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