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  • × year_i:[1980 TO 1990}
  1. Fayen, E.G.: ¬The online catalog : improving access to library materials (1983) 0.07 
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  2. Fayen, E.G.: ¬The online public access catalog in 1984 : evaluating needs and choices (1984) 0.05 
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  3. Fayen, E.G.: Loading local machine readable data files : issues, problems, and answers (1989) 0.05 
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  4. Davies, R.: ¬The creation of new knowledge by information retrieval and classification (1989) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Knowledge can be created by drawing inferences from what is already known. Often some of the requisite information is lacking and has to be gathered by whatever research techniques are appropriate, e.g. experiments, surveys etc. Even if the information has all been published already, unless it is retrieved no inferences will be drawn from it and consequently there will exist some knowledge that is implicit in the literature and yet is not known by anyone. ... This paper reviews previous work on producing knowledge by information retrieval or classification and describes techniques by which hidden knowledge may be retrieved, e.g. serendipity in browsing, use of appropriate search strategies and, possibly in the future, nethods based on Farradane's relational indexing or artificial intelligence.
  5. Vickery, B.C.: Systematic subject indexing (1985) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    - adding a relational term ("operator") to identify and join terms; - indicating grammatical case with terms where this would help clarify relationships; and - analyzing elementary terms to reveal fundamental categories where needed. He further added that a standard order for showing relational factors was highly desirable. Eventually, some years later, he was able to suggest such an order. This was accepted by his peers in the Classification Research Group, and utilized by Derek Austin in PRECIS (q.v.). Vickery began where Farradane began - with perception (a sound base according to current cognitive psychology). From this came further recognition of properties, parts, constituents, organs, effects, reactions, operations (physical and mental), added to the original "identity," "difference," "class membership," and "species." By defining categories more carefully, Vickery arrived at six (in addition to space (geographic) and time): - personality, thing, substance (e.g., dog, bicycle, rose) - part (e.g., paw, wheel, leaf) - substance (e.g., copper, water, butter) - action (e.g., scattering) - property (e.g., length, velocity) - operation (e.g., analysis, measurement) Thus, as early as 1953, the foundations were already laid for research that ultimately produced very sophisticated systems, such as PRECIS.
  6. Kaiser, J.O.: Systematic indexing (1985) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    A native of Germany and a former teacher of languages and music, Julius Otto Kaiser (1868-1927) came to the Philadelphia Commercial Museum to be its librarian in 1896. Faced with the problem of making "information" accessible, he developed a method of indexing he called systematic indexing. The first draft of his scheme, published in 1896-97, was an important landmark in the history of subject analysis. R. K. Olding credits Kaiser with making the greatest single advance in indexing theory since Charles A. Cutter and John Metcalfe eulogizes him by observing that "in sheer capacity for really scientific and logical thinking, Kaiser's was probably the best mind that has ever applied itself to subject indexing." Kaiser was an admirer of "system." By systematic indexing he meant indicating information not with natural language expressions as, for instance, Cutter had advocated, but with artificial expressions constructed according to formulas. Kaiser grudged natural language its approximateness, its vagaries, and its ambiguities. The formulas he introduced were to provide a "machinery for regularising or standardising language" (paragraph 67). Kaiser recognized three categories or "facets" of index terms: (1) terms of concretes, representing things, real or imaginary (e.g., money, machines); (2) terms of processes, representing either conditions attaching to things or their actions (e.g., trade, manufacture); and (3) terms of localities, representing, for the most part, countries (e.g., France, South Africa). Expressions in Kaiser's index language were called statements. Statements consisted of sequences of terms, the syntax of which was prescribed by formula. These formulas specified sequences of terms by reference to category types. Only three citation orders were permitted: a term in the concrete category followed by one in the process category (e.g., Wool-Scouring); (2) a country term followed by a process term (e.g., Brazil - Education); and (3) a concrete term followed by a country term, followed by a process term (e.g., Nitrate-Chile-Trade). Kaiser's system was a precursor of two of the most significant developments in twentieth-century approaches to subject access-the special purpose use of language for indexing, thus the concept of index language, which was to emerge as a generative idea at the time of the second Cranfield experiment (1966) and the use of facets to categorize subject indicators, which was to become the characterizing feature of analytico-synthetic indexing methods such as the Colon classification. In addition to its visionary quality, Kaiser's work is notable for its meticulousness and honesty, as can be seen, for instance, in his observations about the difficulties in facet definition.
  7. Dahlberg, I.: Conceptual definitions for INTERCONCEPT (1981) 0.03 
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    Source
    International classification. 8(1981), S.16-22
  8. Pietris, M.K.D.: LCSH update (1988) 0.03 
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    Source
    Cataloguing Australia. 13(1988), S.19-22
  9. Woods, W.A.: What's important about knowledge representation? (1983) 0.03 
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    Source
    Computer. 16(1983) no.10, S.22-27
  10. Duncan, E.B.: Structuring knowledge bases for designers of learning materials (1989) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Three pre-web articles about using hypertext for knowledge representation. Duncan discusses how to use graphical, hypertext displays (she used Xerox PARC's NoteCards on a Xerox 1186 workstation) along with concept maps and facet analysis, a combination that would now be done with topic maps. The screen shots of her graphical displays are quite interesting. Her interest in facets is in how to use them to show things to different people in different ways, for example, so that experts can enter knowledge into a system in one way while novices can see it in another. Duncan found that facet labels (e.g. Process and Product) prompted the expert to think of related concepts when inputting data, and made navigation easier for users. Facets can be joined together, e.g. "Agents (causing) Process," leading to a "reasoning system." She is especially interested in how to show relstionships between two things: e.g., A causes B, A uses B, A occurs in B. This is an important question in facet theory, but probably not worth worrying about in a small online classification where the relations are fixed and obvious. These articles may be difficult to find, in which case the reader can find a nice sumary in the next article, by Ellis and Vasconcelos (2000). Anyone interested in tracing the history of facets and hypertext will, however, want to see the originals.
  11. Duncan, E.B.: ¬A faceted approach to hypertext (1989) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Three pre-web articles about using hypertext for knowledge representation. Duncan discusses how to use graphical, hypertext displays (she used Xerox PARC's NoteCards on a Xerox 1186 workstation) along with concept maps and facet analysis, a combination that would now be done with topic maps. The screen shots of her graphical displays are quite interesting. Her interest in facets is in how to use them to show things to different people in different ways, for example, so that experts can enter knowledge into a system in one way while novices can see it in another. Duncan found that facet labels (e.g. Process and Product) prompted the expert to think of related concepts when inputting data, and made navigation easier for users. Facets can be joined together, e.g. "Agents (causing) Process," leading to a "reasoning system." She is especially interested in how to show relstionships between two things: e.g., A causes B, A uses B, A occurs in B. This is an important question in facet theory, but probably not worth worrying about in a small online classification where the relations are fixed and obvious. These articles may be difficult to find, in which case the reader can find a nice sumary in the next article, by Ellis and Vasconcelos (2000). Anyone interested in tracing the history of facets and hypertext will, however, want to see the originals.
  12. Hanson, T.A.: Personal bibliographic software and the provision of computer-based information services in academic communities (1989) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Describes methods whereby the process of retrieving bibliographic information from one electronic source (e.g. on-line data base) and its subsequent insertion into another data base, on a personal computer, can be managed more efficiently using specialist software. Describes how one of the available packages is being used at Portsmouth Polytechnic Library, U.K.
  13. Harrell, G.; Harrell, E.G.: ¬The classification and organisation of adult fiction in large American public libraries (1985) 0.03 
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  14. Bierbaum, E.G.: Records and access : museum registration and library cataloging (1988) 0.03 
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  15. Gehirn und Nervensystem : woraus sie bestehen - wie sie funktionieren - was sie leisten (1988) 0.03 
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    Date
    22. 7.2000 18:22:27
  16. Junginger, F.: Regeln für den Schlagwortkatalog: RSWK : Ergänzungen und Berichtigungen Nr.1 (1988) 0.02 
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    Source
    Bibliotheksdienst. 22(1988), S.552-563
  17. Voorhees, E.M.: Implementing agglomerative hierarchic clustering algorithms for use in document retrieval (1986) 0.02 
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    Source
    Information processing and management. 22(1986) no.6, S.465-476
  18. Tell, B.V.: Cataloging rules and database production : implications for manpower training in a developing country (1989) 0.02 
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    International forum on information and documentation. 14(1989), S.22-27
  19. Grundsätze der Universellen Dezimalklassifikation (DK) und Regeln für ihre Revision und Veröffentlichung (1981) 0.02 
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    DK-Mitteilungen. 25(1981) Nr.4, S.15-22
  20. Hermes, H.J.: ¬Die DK: eine todkranke Klassifikation? (1983) 0.02 
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    Source
    DK-Mitteilungen. 27(1983) Nr.6, S.19-22

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Themes

Subjects

Classifications