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Buckland, M.K.; Butler, M.H.; Norgard, B.A.; Plaunt, C.: OASIS: a front end for prototyping catalog enhancements (1992)
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- Source
- Library hi tech. 10(1992) no.4, S.7-22
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Buckland, M.K.; Liu, Z.: History of information science (1995)
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- 13. 6.1996 19:22:20
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Buckland, M.K.: OASIS: a front-end for prototyping catalog enhancements (1992)
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- Abstract
- By the mid 1980s online bibliographic systems retrieved excessively large sets. Conversely, with standard Boolean systems, searches retrieved commonly nothing or too few records. In Nov. 92, 32% of searches yielded nothing from a retrieval set averaging 98. Offers solutions to these problems using MELVYL as a case study. Examines how non topical data such as date, language and location of document can improve topical searches. Explains OASIS and front end phototyping. Discusses adaptive retrieval, strategic commands, expanded retrieval and developments of OASIS. Covers aggregation of filtered sets, related terms, automatic progressive truncation, the SUMMARIZE LIBRARIES command, filing and filtering and collection analysis
- Source
- Library hi tech. 10(1992) no.4, S.7-22
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Buckland, M.K.: Knowledge organization and the technology of intellectual work (2014)
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- Abstract
- Since ancient times intellectual work has required tools for writing, documents for reading, and bibliographies for finding, not to mention more specialized techniques and technologies. Direct personal discussion is often impractical and we depend on documents instead. Document technology evolved through writing, printing, telecommunications, copying, and computing and facilitated an 'information flood' which motivated important knowledge organization initiatives, especially in the nineteenth century (library science, bibliography, documentation). Electronics and the Internet amplified these trends. As an example we consider an initiative to provide shared access to the working notes of editors preparing scholarly editions of historically important texts. For the future, we can project trends leading to ubiquitous recording, pervasive representations, simultaneous interaction regardless of geography, and powerful analysis and visualization of the records resulting from that ubiquitous recording. This evolving situation has implications for publishing, archival practice, and knowledge organization. The passing of time is of special interest in knowledge organization because knowing is cultural, living, and always changing. Technique and technology are also cultural ("material culture") but fixed and inanimate, as can be seen in the obsolescence of subject headings, which remain inscribed while culture moves on. The tension between the benefits of technology and the limitations imposed by fixity in a changing world provide a central tension in knowledge organization over time.
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
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Buckland, M.K.: Combining electronic mail with online retrieval in a library context (1987)
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Buckland, M.K.: What is a 'document'? (1997)
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- Abstract
- Ordinarily the word document denotes a textual record. Increasingliy sophisticated attempts to provide access to the rapidly growing quantity of available documents raised questions about what should be considered a document. Paul Otlet and other developed a functional view of document and discussed whether sculpture, museum objects, and live animals, could be considered documents. Suzanne Briet equates document with organized physical evidence. These ideas appear to resemble notions of 'material culture' in cultural anthropology and 'object as signs' in semiotics. Others, especially in the USA took a narrower view. New digital technology renews old questions and also old confusions between medium, message and meaning
- Footnote
- Contribution to part 2 of a 2 part series on the history of documentation and information science
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Buckland, M.K.; Norgard, B.A.; Plaunt, C.: Making a library catalog adaptive (1992)
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- Abstract
- Presents the design of a prototype adaptive online catalogue. Online catalogue searches commonly retrieve too few or too many items. The prototype, implemented as a transparent workstation based front end to a MELVYL online catalogue of the holdings of the 9 campuses of California Universities, adapts to excessive or insufficient retrieval by strategically limiting, sorting or expanding users' searches, based on preferences defined by the user
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Buckland, M.K.; Butler, M.H.; Norgard, B.A.: OASIS: prototyping graphical interfaces to networked information (1993)
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- Abstract
- The OASIS project is undergoing a complete revision in order to give a flexible graphical interface, more powerful analysis tools, and broader searching capabilities. A new X Windows interface is being linked to a search and analysis backend written primarily in Emacs Lisp to take advantage of its advanced string processing functions and multiple buffering features
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Buckland, M.K.; Florian, D.: Expertise, task complexity, and artificial intelligence : a conceptual framework (1991)
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- Abstract
- Relationships between users' exercise, task complexity of information system use, artificial intelligence, and information service mission provide the basis for a conceptual framework for considering the role that artificial intelligence might play in information systems
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Buckland, M.K.: Obsolescence in subject description (2012)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - The paper aims to explain the character and causes of obsolescence in assigned subject descriptors. Design/methodology/approach - The paper takes the form of a conceptual analysis with examples and reference to existing literature. Findings - Subject description comes in two forms: assigning the name or code of a subject to a document and assigning a document to a named subject category. Each method associates a document with the name of a subject. This naming activity is the site of tensions between the procedural need of information systems for stable records and the inherent multiplicity and instability of linguistic expressions. As languages change, previously assigned subject descriptions become obsolescent. The issues, tensions, and compromises involved are introduced. Originality/value - Drawing on the work of Robert Fairthorne and others, an explanation of the unavoidable obsolescence of assigned subject headings is presented. The discussion relates to libraries, but the same issues arise in any context in which subject description is expected to remain useful for an extended period of time.
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Buckland, M.K.: Bibliography, library records, and the redefinition of the library catalog (1988)
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Buckland, M.K.: Relatedness, relevance and responsiveness in retrieval systems (1983)
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Buckland, M.K.; Chen, A.; Gebbie, M.; Kim, Y.; Norgard, B.: Variation by subdomain in indexes to knowledge organization systems (2000)
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- Abstract
- Bibliographies and their knowledge organization systems commonly cover broad topical areas. Indexes to knowledge organization systems, such as the Subject Index to the Dewey Decimal Classification, provide a general index to the entirety. However, every community and every specialty develops its own specialized vocabulary. An index derived from the specialized use of language within a single subdomain could well be different from a general-purpose index for all domains and preferable for that subdomain. Statistical association techniques can be used to create indexes to knowledge systems. A preliminary analysis based on the INSPEC database shows that subdomain indexes differ significantly from each other and from a general index. The greater the polysemy of individual words the greater difference in the indexes
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Buckland, M.K.: Classifications, links and contexts : keynote address (2015)
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- Abstract
- Links commonly refer to models developed for the World Wide Web Consortium, but these are a special case within the wider field of links and references used in resource discovery, including subject indexes to classifications, relationships used in vocabulary control, and search term recommender services. There is a tension between standardised relationships (symbolized by Paul Otlet's modernist universalism and the Semantic Web) and the particular, subjective situations in which individuals try to make sense (symbolized by Ludwik Fleck's emphasis on the influence of local cultural contexts). A subject index to a classification is a collection of links, sometimes qualified by context. Different domains (specialties) have their own cultural contexts and benefit from differently tailored links even when searching within the same resources. Making links is a descriptive, language activity. Probabilistic methods can create links from familiar to unfamiliar vocabularies economically. Links commonly use a limited set of relationships, mainly equivalence, inclusion, and inheritance. A far wider range of relationships would help resource discovery. Extending resource discovery requires not only same-facet links to reach additional resources but also links across different facets to provide explanatory context.
- Source
- Classification and authority control: expanding resource discovery: proceedings of the International UDC Seminar 2015, 29-30 October 2015, Lisbon, Portugal. Eds.: Slavic, A. u. M.I. Cordeiro
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Buckland, M.K.; Lynch, C.A.: National and international implications of the linked systems protocol for online bibliographic systems (1988)
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- Abstract
- NISO draft standard Z39.50 (sometimes called the "Linked Systems Protocol") provides a standard for linking computers to permit the searching and retrieval of machine-readable bibliographic and authority records. The concept, context, status, and potential of the Linked Systems Protocol are reviewed in relation to the historical development of bibliographies and library catalogs. The functions of a fully developed bibliographic Linked Systems Protocol are summarized and shown to have extensive implications for scholarship, bibliographic access, and the notion of a national database. Effective international use of such a protocol would require the solution of several traditional problems.
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Fremery, W. de; Buckland, M.K.: Copy theory (2022)
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- Abstract
- In information science, writing, printing, telecommunication, and digital computing have been central concerns because of their ability to distribute information. Overlooked is the obvious fact that these technologies fashion copies, and the theorizing of copies has been neglected. We may think a copy is the same as what it copies, but no two objects can really be the same. "The same" means similar enough as an acceptable substitute for some purpose. The differences between usefully similar things are also often important, in forensic analysis, for example, or inferential processes. Status as a copy is only one form of relationship between objects, but copies are so integral to information science that they demand a theory. Indeed, theorizing copies provides a basis for a more complete and unified view of information science.
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Buckland, M.K.; Lynch, C.A.: ¬The linked systems protocol and the future of bibliographic networks and systems (1987)
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Buckland, M.K.; Butler, M.H.; Norgard, B.A.; Plaunt, C.: Union records and dossiers : extended bibliographic information objects (1994)
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- Abstract
- The growing number and sophistication of online bibliographic and networked based information systems is starting to blur the once clear boundaries that separated print documents. 2 concepts emerge as a consequence of these developments, first the 'union record', an entity which combines multiple catalog records for a single bibliographic item into an extended information object; and 2nd, an information 'dossier', a hypertext-like information object built by linking several distinct but related bibliographic entites
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Buckland, M.K.: Partnerships in navigation : an information retrieval research agenda (1995)
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- Abstract
- The transition from searching in a single database to searching a multiplicity of networked databases exacerbates some old difficulties in the design and evaluation of retrieval systems and creates new one. A networked environment calls into question the traditional definitions of recall and relevance. Efficient network searching raises questions about where to look first, where to look next and when to stop searching. The need for 'entry vocabulary' support and the need for support in moving from one system vocabulary to another are increased by the increased use of more different databases. The network environment offers the option of collecting different representations of the same object and merging them into an extended record
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Buckland, M.K.: Agenda for online catalog designers (1992)
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