Search (51 results, page 1 of 3)

  • × year_i:[2000 TO 2010}
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  1. Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    By the explosion of possibilities for a ubiquitous content production, the information overload problem reaches the level of complexity which cannot be managed by traditional modelling approaches anymore. Due to their pure syntactical nature traditional information retrieval approaches did not succeed in treating content itself (i.e. its meaning, and not its representation). This leads to a very low usefulness of the results of a retrieval process for a user's task at hand. In the last ten years ontologies have been emerged from an interesting conceptualisation paradigm to a very promising (semantic) modelling technology, especially in the context of the Semantic Web. From the information retrieval point of view, ontologies enable a machine-understandable form of content description, such that the retrieval process can be driven by the meaning of the content. However, the very ambiguous nature of the retrieval process in which a user, due to the unfamiliarity with the underlying repository and/or query syntax, just approximates his information need in a query, implies a necessity to include the user in the retrieval process more actively in order to close the gap between the meaning of the content and the meaning of a user's query (i.e. his information need). This thesis lays foundation for such an ontology-based interactive retrieval process, in which the retrieval system interacts with a user in order to conceptually interpret the meaning of his query, whereas the underlying domain ontology drives the conceptualisation process. In that way the retrieval process evolves from a query evaluation process into a highly interactive cooperation between a user and the retrieval system, in which the system tries to anticipate the user's information need and to deliver the relevant content proactively. Moreover, the notion of content relevance for a user's query evolves from a content dependent artefact to the multidimensional context-dependent structure, strongly influenced by the user's preferences. This cooperation process is realized as the so-called Librarian Agent Query Refinement Process. In order to clarify the impact of an ontology on the retrieval process (regarding its complexity and quality), a set of methods and tools for different levels of content and query formalisation is developed, ranging from pure ontology-based inferencing to keyword-based querying in which semantics automatically emerges from the results. Our evaluation studies have shown that the possibilities to conceptualize a user's information need in the right manner and to interpret the retrieval results accordingly are key issues for realizing much more meaningful information retrieval systems.
    Content
    Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.
  2. Thielemann, A.: Sacherschließung für die Kunstgeschichte : Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von DDC 700: The Arts (2007) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Nach der Veröffentlichung einer deutschen Übersetzung der Dewey Decimal Classification 22 im Oktober 2005 und ihrer Nutzung zur Inhaltserschließung in der Deutschen Nationalbibliographie seit Januar 2006 stellt sich aus Sicht der deutschen kunsthistorischen Spezialbibliotheken die Frage nach einer möglichen Verwendung der DDC und ihrer generellen Eignung zur Inhalterschließung kunsthistorischer Publikationen. Diese Frage wird vor dem Hintergrund der bestehenden bibliothekarischen Strukturen für die Kunstgeschichte sowie mit Blick auf die inhaltlichen Besonderheiten, die Forschungsmethodik und die publizistischen Traditionen dieses Faches erörtert.
  3. Sperling, R.: Anlage von Literaturreferenzen für Onlineressourcen auf einer virtuellen Lernplattform (2004) 0.02 
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    Date
    26.11.2005 18:39:22
  4. Makewita, S.M.: Investigating the generic information-seeking function of organisational decision-makers : perspectives on improving organisational information systems (2002) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The past decade has seen the emergence of a new paradigm in the corporate world where organisations emphasised connectivity as a means of exposing decision-makers to wider resources of information within and outside the organisation. Many organisations followed the initiatives of enhancing infrastructures, manipulating cultural shifts and emphasising managerial commitment for creating pools and networks of knowledge. However, the concept of connectivity is not merely presenting people with the data, but more importantly, to create environments where people can seek information efficiently. This paradigm has therefore caused a shift in the function of information systems in organisations. They have to be now assessed in relation to how they underpin people's information-seeking activities within the context of their organisational environment. This research project used interpretative research methods to investigate the nature of people's information-seeking activities at two culturally contrasting organisations. Outcomes of this research project provide insights into phenomena associated with people's information-seeking function, and show how they depend on the organisational context that is defined partly by information systems. It suggests that information-seeking is not just searching for data. The inefficiencies inherent in both people and their environments can bring opaqueness into people's data, which they need to avoid or eliminate as part of seeking information. This seems to have made information-seeking a two-tier process consisting of a primary process of searching and interpreting data and auxiliary process of avoiding and eliminating opaqueness in data. Based on this view, this research suggests that organisational information systems operate naturally as implicit dual-mechanisms to underpin the above two-tier process, and that improvements to information systems should concern maintaining the balance in these dual-mechanisms.
    Date
    22. 7.2022 12:16:58
  5. Milanesi, C.: Möglichkeiten der Kooperation im Rahmen von Subject Gateways : das Euler-Projekt im Vergleich mit weiteren europäischen Projekten (2001) 0.02 
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    Date
    22. 6.2002 19:41:59
  6. Haller, S.H.M.: Mappingverfahren zur Wissensorganisation (2002) 0.02 
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    Date
    30. 5.2010 16:22:35
  7. Hoffmann, R.: Mailinglisten für den bibliothekarischen Informationsdienst am Beispiel von RABE (2000) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 2.2000 10:25:05
    Series
    Kölner Arbeitspapiere zur Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft; Bd.22
  8. Lorenz, S.: Konzeption und prototypische Realisierung einer begriffsbasierten Texterschließung (2006) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 3.2015 9:17:30
  9. Buß, M.: Unternehmenssprache in internationalen Unternehmen : Probleme des Informationstransfers in der internen Kommunikation (2005) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 5.2005 18:25:26
  10. Düring, M.: ¬Die Dewey Decimal Classification : Entstehung, Aufbau und Ausblick auf eine Nutzung in deutschen Bibliotheken (2003) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Die ständig steigende Zahl an publizierter Information in immer neuen Formen verlangt besonders von Informations- und Dokumentationseinrichtungen immer präzisere Lösungen zur Erschließung dieser Informationen und ihrer benutzerfreundlichen Aufbereitung. Besonders im derzeitigen Zeitalter der Datenbanken und Online-Kataloge ist die Kombination von verbaler und klassifikatorischer Sacherschließung gefordert, ohne dabei die Verbindung zu den älteren, vielerorts noch (zumindest zusätzlich) in Verwendung befindlichen, Zettelkatalogen zu verlieren. Weltweit ist eine Vielzahl an verschiedenen Klassifikationen im Einsatz. Die Wahl der für eine Einrichtung passenden Klassifikation ist abhängig von ihrer thematischen und informationellen Ausrichtung, der Größe und Art der Bestände und nicht zuletzt von technischen und personellen Voraussetzungen. Auf Seiten der zu wählenden Klassifikation sind die Einfachheit der Handhabung für den Bibliothekar, die Verständlichkeit für den Benutzer, die Erweiterungsfähigkeit der Klassifikation durch das Aufkommen neuer Wissensgebiete und die Einbindung in informationelle Netze mit anderen Einrichtungen von entscheidender Bedeutung. In dieser Arbeit soll die Dewey Dezimalklassifikation (DDC) hinsichtlich dieser Punkte näher beleuchtet werden. Sie ist die weltweit am häufigsten benutzte Klassifikation. Etwa 200.000 Bibliotheken in 135 Ländern erschließen ihre Bestände mit diesem System. Sie liegt derzeit bereits in der 22. ungekürzten Auflage vor und wurde bisher in 30 Sprachen übersetzt. Eine deutsche Komplettübersetzung wird im Jahre 2005 erscheinen. Trotz teils heftig geführter Standardisierungsdebatten und Plänen für die Übernahme von amerikanischen Formalerschließungsregeln herrscht in Bezug auf die Sacherschließung unter deutschen Bibliotheken wenig Einigkeit. Die DDC ist in Deutschland und anderen europäischen Ländern kaum verbreitet, sieht von Großbritannien und von der Verwendung in Bibliografien ab. Diese Arbeit geht demzufolge auf die historischen Gründe dieser Entwicklung ein und wagt einen kurzen Ausblick in die Zukunft der Dezimalklassifikation.
  11. Westermeyer, D.: Adaptive Techniken zur Informationsgewinnung : der Webcrawler InfoSpiders (2005) 0.01 
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    Pages
    22 S
  12. Lehrke, C.: Architektur von Suchmaschinen : Googles Architektur, insb. Crawler und Indizierer (2005) 0.01 
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    Pages
    22 S
  13. Müller, T.: Wissensrepräsentation mit semantischen Netzen im Bereich Luftfahrt (2006) 0.01 
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    Date
    26. 9.2006 21:00:22
  14. Yusuff, A.: Automatisches Indexing and Abstracting : Grundlagen und Beispiele (2002) 0.00 
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    Imprint
    Potsdam : Fachhochschule, FB A-B-D
  15. Schwarz, K.: Domain model enhanced search : a comparison of taxonomy, thesaurus and ontology (2005) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The results of this thesis are intended to support the information architect in designing a solution for improved search in a corporate environment. Specifically we have examined the type of search problems that require a domain model to enhance the search process. There are several approaches to modeling a domain. We have considered 3 different types of domain modeling schemes; taxonomy, thesaurus and ontology. The intention is to support the information architect in making an informed choice between one or more of these schemes. In our opinion the main criteria for this choice are the modeling characteristics of a scheme and the suitability for application in the search process. The second chapter is a discussion of modeling characteristics of each scheme, followed by a comparison between them. This should give an information architect an idea of which aspects of a domain can be modeled with each scheme. What is missing here is an indication of the effort required to model a domain with each scheme. There are too many factors that influence the amount of required effort, ranging from measurable factors like domain size and resource characteristics to cultural matters such as the willingness to share knowledge and the existence of a project champion in the team to keep the project running. The third chapter shows what role domain models can play in each part of the search process. This gives an idea of the problems that domain models can solve. We have split the search process into individual parts to show that domain models can be applied very differently in the process. The fourth chapter makes recommendations about the suitability of each individualdomain modeling scheme for improving search. Each scheme has particular characteristics that make it especially suitable for a domain or a search problem. In the appendix each case study is described in detail. These descriptions are intended to serve as a benchmark. The current problem of the enterprise can be compared to those described to see which case study is most similar, which solution was chosen, which problems arose and how they were dealt with. An important issue that we have not touched upon in this thesis is that of maintenance. The real problems of a domain model are revealed when it is applied in a search system and its deficits and wrong assumptions become clear. Adaptation and maintenance are always required. Unfortunately we have not been able to glean sufficient information about maintenance issues from our case studies to draw any meaningful conclusions.
  16. Strong, R.W.: Undergraduates' information differentiation behaviors in a research process : a grounded theory approach (2005) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This research explores, using a Grounded Theory approach, the question of how a particular group of undergraduate university students differentiates the values of retrieved information in a contemporary research process. Specifically it attempts to isolate and label those specific techniques, processes, formulae-both objective and subjective-that the students use to identify, prioritize, and successfully incorporate the most useful and valuable information into their research project. The research reviews the relevant literature covering the areas of: epistemology, knowledge acquisition, and cognitive learning theory; early relevance research; the movement from relevance models to information seeking in context; and the proximate recent research. A research methodology is articulated using a Grounded Theory approach, and the research process and research participants are fully explained and described. The findings of the research are set forth using three Thematic Sets- Traditional Relevance Measures; Structural Frames; and Metaphors: General and Ecological-using the actual discourse of the study participants, and a theoretical construct is advanced. Based on that construct, it can be theorized that identification and analysis of the metaphorical language that the particular students in this study used, both by way of general and ecological metaphors-their stories-about how they found, handled, and evaluated information, can be a very useful tool in understanding how the students identified, prioritized, and successfully incorporated the most useful and relevant information into their research projects. It also is argued that this type of metaphorical analysis could be useful in providing a bridging mechanism for a broader understanding of the relationships between traditional user relevance studies and the concepts of frame theory and sense-making. Finally, a corollary to Whitmire's original epistemological hypothesis is posited: Students who were more adept at using metaphors-either general or ecological-appeared more comfortable with handling contradictory information sources, and better able to articulate their valuing decisions. The research concludes with a discussion of the implications for both future research in the Library and Information Science field, and for the practice of both Library professionals and classroom instructors involved in assisting students involved in information valuing decision-making in a research process.
  17. Markó, K.G.: Foundation, implementation and evaluation of the MorphoSaurus system (2008) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This work proposes an approach which is intended to meet the particular challenges of Medical Language Processing, in particular medical information retrieval. At its core lies a new type of dictionary, in which the entries are equivalence classes of subwords, i.e., semantically minimal units. These equivalence classes capture intralingual as well as interlingual synonymy. As equivalence classes abstract away from subtle particularities within and between languages and reference to them is realized via a language-independent conceptual system, they form an interlingua. In this work, the theoretical foundations of this approach are elaborated on. Furthermore, design considerations of applications based on the subword methodology are drawn up and showcase implementations are evaluated in detail. Starting with the introduction of Medical Linguistics as a field of active research in Chapter two, its consideration as a domain separated form general linguistics is motivated. In particular, morphological phenomena inherent to medical language are figured in more detail, which leads to an alternative view on medical terms and the introduction of the notion of subwords. Chapter three describes the formal foundation of subwords and the underlying linguistic declarative as well as procedural knowledge. An implementation of the subword model for the medical domain, the MorphoSaurus system, is presented in Chapter four. Emphasis will be given on the multilingual aspect of the proposed approach, including English, German, and Portuguese. The automatic acquisition of (medical) subwords for other languages (Spanish, French, and Swedish), and their integration in already available resources is described in the fifth Chapter.
    The proper handling of acronyms plays a crucial role in medical texts, e.g. in patient records, as well as in scientific literature. Chapter six presents an approach, in which acronyms are automatically acquired from (bio-) medical literature. Furthermore, acronyms and their definitions in different languages are linked to each other using the MorphoSaurus text processing system. Automatic word sense disambiguation is still one of the most challenging tasks in Natural Language Processing. In Chapter seven, cross-lingual considerations lead to a new methodology for automatic disambiguation applied to subwords. Beginning with Chapter eight, a series of applications based onMorphoSaurus are introduced. Firstly, the implementation of the subword approach within a crosslanguage information retrieval setting for the medical domain is described and evaluated on standard test document collections. In Chapter nine, this methodology is extended to multilingual information retrieval in the Web, for which user queries are translated into target languages based on the segmentation into subwords and their interlingual mappings. The cross-lingual, automatic assignment of document descriptors to documents is the topic of Chapter ten. A large-scale evaluation of a heuristic, as well as a statistical algorithm is carried out using a prominent medical thesaurus as a controlled vocabulary. In Chapter eleven, it will be shown how MorphoSaurus can be used to map monolingual, lexical resources across different languages. As a result, a large multilingual medical lexicon with high coverage and complete lexical information is built and evaluated against a comparable, already available and commonly used lexical repository for the medical domain. Chapter twelve sketches a few applications based on MorphoSaurus. The generality and applicability of the subword approach to other domains is outlined, and proof-of-concepts in real-world scenarios are presented. Finally, Chapter thirteen recapitulates the most important aspects of MorphoSaurus and the potential benefit of its employment in medical information systems is carefully assessed, both for medical experts in their everyday life, but also with regard to health care consumers and their existential information needs.
  18. Eckert, K.: Thesaurus analysis and visualization in semantic search applications (2007) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The use of thesaurus-based indexing is a common approach for increasing the performance of information retrieval. In this thesis, we examine the suitability of a thesaurus for a given set of information and evaluate improvements of existing thesauri to get better search results. On this area, we focus on two aspects: 1. We demonstrate an analysis of the indexing results achieved by an automatic document indexer and the involved thesaurus. 2. We propose a method for thesaurus evaluation which is based on a combination of statistical measures and appropriate visualization techniques that support the detection of potential problems in a thesaurus. In this chapter, we give an overview of the context of our work. Next, we briefly outline the basics of thesaurus-based information retrieval and describe the Collexis Engine that was used for our experiments. In Chapter 3, we describe two experiments in automatically indexing documents in the areas of medicine and economics with corresponding thesauri and compare the results to available manual annotations. Chapter 4 describes methods for assessing thesauri and visualizing the result in terms of a treemap. We depict examples of interesting observations supported by the method and show that we actually find critical problems. We conclude with a discussion of open questions and future research in Chapter 5.
  19. Gerber, A.: Vergleich von Suchmaschinen und Katalogen : Schwerpunkt deutschsprachiger Suchmaschinen Stand 2002 (2002) 0.00 
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  20. Stölzel, A.: Was Google nicht sieht : Das "Invisible Web" (2004) 0.00 
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