-
Zhang, Y.; Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: Identification of factors predicting clickthrough in Web searching using neural network analysis (2009)
0.02
0.016805485 = product of:
0.03361097 = sum of:
0.03361097 = sum of:
0.0029551024 = weight(_text_:s in 2742) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0029551024 = score(doc=2742,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 2742, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2742)
0.030655868 = weight(_text_:22 in 2742) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030655868 = score(doc=2742,freq=2.0), product of:
0.13205728 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 2742, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2742)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 17:49:11
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.3, S.557-570
-
Spink, A.; Cole, C.: ¬A multitasking framework for cognitive information retrieval (2005)
0.01
0.011924752 = product of:
0.023849504 = sum of:
0.023849504 = sum of:
0.0034122586 = weight(_text_:s in 642) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0034122586 = score(doc=642,freq=6.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.0832243 = fieldWeight in 642, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=642)
0.020437246 = weight(_text_:22 in 642) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.020437246 = score(doc=642,freq=2.0), product of:
0.13205728 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.15476047 = fieldWeight in 642, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=642)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Information retrieval (IR) research has developed considerably since the 1950's to include consideration of more cognitive, interactive and iterative processes during the interaction between humans and IR or Web systems (Ingwersen, 1992, 1996). Interactive search sessions by humans with IR systems have been depicted as interactive IR models (Saracevic, 1997). Human-IR system interaction is also modeled as taking place within the context of broader human information behavior (HIB) processes (Spink et al., 2002). Research into the human or cognitive (user modeling) aspects of IR is a growing body of research on user interactivity, task performance and measures for observing user interactivity. The task context and situational characteristics of users' searches and evaluation have also been identified as key elements in a user's interaction with an IR system (Cool and Spink, 2002; Vakkari, 2003). Major theorized interactive IR models have been proposed relating to the single search episode, including Ingwersen's (1992,1996) Cognitive Model of IR Interaction, Belkin et al.'s (1995) Episodic Interaction Model, and Saracevic's (1996,1997) Stratified Model of IR Interaction. In this chapter we examine Saracevic's Stratified Model of IR Interaction and extend the model within the framework of cognitive IR (CIR) to depict CIR as a multitasking process. This chapter provides a new direction for CIR research by conceptualizing IR with a multitasking context. The next section of the chapter defines the concept of multitasking in the cognitive sciences and Section 3 discusses the emerging understanding of multitasking information behavior. In Section 4, cognitive IR is depicted within a multitasking framework using Saracevic's (1996, 1997) Stratified Model of IR Interaction. In Section 5, we link information searching and seeking models together, via Saracevic's Stratified Model of IR Interaction, but starting with a unitask model of HIB. We begin to model multitasking in cognitive IR in Section 6. In Sections 7 and 8, we increase the complexity of our developing multitasking model of cognitive IR by adding coordinating mechanisms, including feedback loops. Finally, in Section 9, we conclude the chapter and indicate future directions for further research.
- Date
- 19. 1.2007 12:55:22
- Pages
- S.99-112
-
Khopkar, Y.; Spink, A.; Giles, C.L.; Shah, P.; Debnath, S.: Search engine personalization : An exploratory study (2003)
0.00
0.0019700683 = product of:
0.0039401366 = sum of:
0.0039401366 = product of:
0.007880273 = sum of:
0.007880273 = weight(_text_:s in 384) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.007880273 = score(doc=384,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.19219826 = fieldWeight in 384, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=384)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Griesdorf, H.; Spink, A.: Median measure : an approach to IR systems evaluation (2001)
0.00
0.0017238096 = product of:
0.0034476193 = sum of:
0.0034476193 = product of:
0.0068952385 = sum of:
0.0068952385 = weight(_text_:s in 1774) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0068952385 = score(doc=1774,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.16817348 = fieldWeight in 1774, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1774)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 37(2001) no.6, S.843-857
-
Spink, A.: Information and a sustainable future (1995)
0.00
0.0014775512 = product of:
0.0029551024 = sum of:
0.0029551024 = product of:
0.0059102047 = sum of:
0.0059102047 = weight(_text_:s in 4221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0059102047 = score(doc=4221,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.14414869 = fieldWeight in 4221, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4221)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Libri. 45(1995) nos.3/4, S.203-208
-
Spink, A.; Greisdorf, H.: Partial relevance judgements and changes in users information problems during online searching (1997)
0.00
0.0014775512 = product of:
0.0029551024 = sum of:
0.0029551024 = product of:
0.0059102047 = sum of:
0.0059102047 = weight(_text_:s in 316) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0059102047 = score(doc=316,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.14414869 = fieldWeight in 316, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=316)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.323-334
-
Wolfram, D.; Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.; Saracevic, T.: Vox populi : the public searching of the Web (2001)
0.00
0.0014775512 = product of:
0.0029551024 = sum of:
0.0029551024 = product of:
0.0059102047 = sum of:
0.0059102047 = weight(_text_:s in 6949) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0059102047 = score(doc=6949,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.14414869 = fieldWeight in 6949, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6949)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 52(2001) no.12, S.1073-1074
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Saracevic, T.: Real life, real users and real needs : a study and analysis of users queries on the Web (2000)
0.00
0.0014775512 = product of:
0.0029551024 = sum of:
0.0029551024 = product of:
0.0059102047 = sum of:
0.0059102047 = weight(_text_:s in 411) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0059102047 = score(doc=411,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.14414869 = fieldWeight in 411, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=411)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 36(2000) no.2, S.207-227
-
Spink, A.: Interactive information seeking and retrieving : a third feedback framework (1996)
0.00
0.0013930487 = product of:
0.0027860973 = sum of:
0.0027860973 = product of:
0.0055721947 = sum of:
0.0055721947 = weight(_text_:s in 7433) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0055721947 = score(doc=7433,freq=4.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.1359047 = fieldWeight in 7433, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7433)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.10-15
- Source
- Global complexity: information, chaos and control. Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, ASIS'96, Baltimore, Maryland, 21-24 Oct 1996. Ed.: S. Hardin
-
Ozmutlu, S.; Spink, A.; Ozmutlu, H.C.: ¬A day in the life of Web searching : an exploratory study (2004)
0.00
0.0012189177 = product of:
0.0024378353 = sum of:
0.0024378353 = product of:
0.0048756707 = sum of:
0.0048756707 = weight(_text_:s in 2530) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0048756707 = score(doc=2530,freq=4.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.118916616 = fieldWeight in 2530, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2530)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 40(2004) no.2, S.319-345
-
He, S.; Spink, A.: ¬A comparison of foreign authorship distribution in JASIST and the Journal of Documentation (2002)
0.00
0.0012189177 = product of:
0.0024378353 = sum of:
0.0024378353 = product of:
0.0048756707 = sum of:
0.0048756707 = weight(_text_:s in 5230) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0048756707 = score(doc=5230,freq=4.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.118916616 = fieldWeight in 5230, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5230)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 53(2002) no.11, S.953-959
-
Ozmutlu, S.; Spink, A.; Ozmutlu, H.C.: Multimedia Web searching trends : 1997-2001 (2003)
0.00
0.0012189177 = product of:
0.0024378353 = sum of:
0.0024378353 = product of:
0.0048756707 = sum of:
0.0048756707 = weight(_text_:s in 1072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0048756707 = score(doc=1072,freq=4.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.118916616 = fieldWeight in 1072, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1072)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 39(2003) no.4, S.611-621
-
Spink, A.; Saracevic, T.: Dynamics of search term selection during mediated online searching (1993)
0.00
0.0010447865 = product of:
0.002089573 = sum of:
0.002089573 = product of:
0.004179146 = sum of:
0.004179146 = weight(_text_:s in 7968) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.004179146 = score(doc=7968,freq=4.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.101928525 = fieldWeight in 7968, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=7968)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.63-72
- Source
- Integrating technologies - converging professions: proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, Columbus, OH, 24-28 October 1993. Ed.: S. Bonzi
-
Spink, A.; Park, M.; Koshman, S.: Factors affecting assigned information problem ordering during Web search : an exploratory study (2006)
0.00
0.0010447865 = product of:
0.002089573 = sum of:
0.002089573 = product of:
0.004179146 = sum of:
0.004179146 = weight(_text_:s in 991) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.004179146 = score(doc=991,freq=4.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.101928525 = fieldWeight in 991, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=991)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 42(2006) no.5, S.1366-1378
-
Spink, A.; Saracevic, T.: Where do the search terms come from? (1992)
0.00
9.850342E-4 = product of:
0.0019700683 = sum of:
0.0019700683 = product of:
0.0039401366 = sum of:
0.0039401366 = weight(_text_:s in 4032) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0039401366 = score(doc=4032,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 4032, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4032)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.363-373
-
Kuhlthau, C.; Spink, A.; Cool, C.: Exploration into stages in the retrieval in the information search process in online information retrieval : communication between users and intermediaries (1992)
0.00
9.850342E-4 = product of:
0.0019700683 = sum of:
0.0019700683 = product of:
0.0039401366 = sum of:
0.0039401366 = weight(_text_:s in 4518) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0039401366 = score(doc=4518,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 4518, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4518)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.67-71
-
Spink, A.: ¬The effect of user characteristics on search outcome in mediated online searching (1993)
0.00
9.850342E-4 = product of:
0.0019700683 = sum of:
0.0019700683 = product of:
0.0039401366 = sum of:
0.0039401366 = weight(_text_:s in 6739) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0039401366 = score(doc=6739,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 6739, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6739)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Online and CD-ROM review. 17(1993) no.5, S.275-278
-
Spink, A.: Multiple search sessions model of end-user behaviour : an exploratory study (1996)
0.00
9.850342E-4 = product of:
0.0019700683 = sum of:
0.0019700683 = product of:
0.0039401366 = sum of:
0.0039401366 = weight(_text_:s in 5805) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0039401366 = score(doc=5805,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 5805, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5805)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 47(1996) no.8, S.603-609
-
Spink, A.; Losee, R.M.: Feedback in information retrieval (1996)
0.00
9.850342E-4 = product of:
0.0019700683 = sum of:
0.0019700683 = product of:
0.0039401366 = sum of:
0.0039401366 = weight(_text_:s in 7441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0039401366 = score(doc=7441,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 7441, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7441)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 31(1996), S.33-78
-
Spink, A.: Study of interactive feedback during mediated information retrieval (1997)
0.00
9.850342E-4 = product of:
0.0019700683 = sum of:
0.0019700683 = product of:
0.0039401366 = sum of:
0.0039401366 = weight(_text_:s in 158) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0039401366 = score(doc=158,freq=2.0), product of:
0.04100075 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.03771094 = queryNorm
0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 158, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=158)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 48(1997) no.5, S.382-394
