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  1. Pfäffli, W.: ¬La qualité des résultats de recherche dans le cadre du projet MACS (Multilingual Access to Subjects) : vers un élargissement des ensembles de résultats de recherche (2009) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Cette étude aborde la problématique de la qualité des résultats de recherche obtenus par l'intermédiaire de liens établis dans le cadre du projet MACS (Multilingual Access to Subjects) en considérant plus particulièrement la perspective de l'usager. Elle cherche à démontrer que ces liens, dans leur définition actuelle, ne sont à eux seuls pas en mesure de garantir des résultats satisfaisants pour un usager et qu'ils doivent être complétés par d'autres mesures. Elle se compose de trois parties principales : - la première partie présente le contexte général : après un bref historique, les principes de base du projet MACS et les difficultés rencontrées lors de l'évaluation de résultats de recherche sont expliqués. La question des différentes perspectives de l'indexeur et de l'usager est plus particulièrement développée. - la seconde partie présente les tests sur les titres communs à plusieurs bibliothèques qui ont été effectués et énumère les différents facteurs qui affaiblissent la qualité des résultats et empêchent notamment l'usager de retrouver des titres pertinents. - la troisième partie contient quelques pistes susceptibles de remédier aux biais relevés dans la deuxième partie et s'interroge sur les caractéristiques d'une interface de recherche, qui permettraient d'améliorer une recherche thématique multilingue.
    Conclusion Le tout premier point de départ de cette étude était le principe de validation des liens par la cohérence des résultats. Nous avons vu que ce principe jour un rôle très important dans la problématique générale de l'interopérabilité entre systèmes documentaires, bien qu'il ne soit pas sans soulever de nombreuses questions pratiques lors de sa mise en oeuvre concrète, questions auxquelles aucune étude n'a pour le moment offert de réponse détaillée qui puisse servir à élaborer un début de méthodologie. Mais nous avons surtout vu lors de l'étude d'exemples concrets que nous nous mouvons dans un contexte influencé par de nombreux facteurs, en grande partie, peu ou difficilement prévisibles : vouloir obtenir deux ensembles de titres pertinents clairement définis, en devant tenir compte du contexte culturel des fonds qui sont comparés, des différences de structure des langages documentaires, des politiques d'indexation, de la subjectivité des indexeurs et enfin des paramètres des moteurs de recherche, relève de la gageure !
    L'examen des titres communs nous a montré qu'en tous les cas, une partie des titres pertinents échapperaient à une requête effectuée par l'intermédiaire du lien. Il nous semble donc plus important que les efforts se concentrent sur les moyens d'effectivement donner un accès à des documents potentiellement pertinents plutôt que de définir plus précisément la qualité des liens au vu des résultats. Une première voie est le recours aux relations hiérarchiques des langages documentaires, mais nous avons vu qu'elles ne sont pas en mesure d'apporter une solution dans tous les cas. Le recours à une classification, à une ontologie ou à des techniques de traitement automatique du langage sont d'autres voies à explorer, qui peuvent éviter de devoir multiplier les liens, et par là compliquer encore leur gestion. En chemin, nous avons rencontré , mais sans pouvoir les aborder, encore bien d'autres questions, qui sont toutes autant de défis supplémentaires à relever, comme le problème de l'accès aux titres non indexés ou le problème de l'évolution des langages documentaires et donc de la mise à jour des liens. Nous avons aussi laissé de côté les questions techniques de l'accès de l'interface aux différents catalogues et des possibilités de présentations des résultats de recherche proprement dits (par bibliothèque interrogée ou réunis en un ensemble, ranking). Il reste ainsi assez à faire jusqu'au jour où un usager pourra entrer un terme de recherche dans une interface conviviale, qui lui ouvrira un accès thématique simple mais complet aux ressources des bibliothèques d'Europe, puis du monde !
  2. Boutin, E.: ¬La recherche d'information sur Internet au prisme de la théorie des facettes (2008) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Les occasions sont rares pour un chercheur de porter un regard réflexif sur sa production scientifique. L'objet de ce préambule est précisément de poser les valises et de regarder le chemin parcouru. Nous proposons d'analyser ce chemin à travers trois prismes : - Positionnement et évolution de la recherche en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication (SIC) - Cohérence du parcours et dynamique de recherche - Collaborations scientifiques suscitées par cette recherche Chacun de ces prismes offre une grille de lecture possible et permet d'éclairer le présent document.
    Content
    Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches, Discipline : Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication, Laboratoire I3M. - Présentée et soutenue publiquement le 9 Octobre 2008.
    Imprint
    Toulon-Var : École doctorale de l'Université du Sud
  3. Stojanovic, N.: Ontology-based Information Retrieval : methods and tools for cooperative query answering (2005) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    By the explosion of possibilities for a ubiquitous content production, the information overload problem reaches the level of complexity which cannot be managed by traditional modelling approaches anymore. Due to their pure syntactical nature traditional information retrieval approaches did not succeed in treating content itself (i.e. its meaning, and not its representation). This leads to a very low usefulness of the results of a retrieval process for a user's task at hand. In the last ten years ontologies have been emerged from an interesting conceptualisation paradigm to a very promising (semantic) modelling technology, especially in the context of the Semantic Web. From the information retrieval point of view, ontologies enable a machine-understandable form of content description, such that the retrieval process can be driven by the meaning of the content. However, the very ambiguous nature of the retrieval process in which a user, due to the unfamiliarity with the underlying repository and/or query syntax, just approximates his information need in a query, implies a necessity to include the user in the retrieval process more actively in order to close the gap between the meaning of the content and the meaning of a user's query (i.e. his information need). This thesis lays foundation for such an ontology-based interactive retrieval process, in which the retrieval system interacts with a user in order to conceptually interpret the meaning of his query, whereas the underlying domain ontology drives the conceptualisation process. In that way the retrieval process evolves from a query evaluation process into a highly interactive cooperation between a user and the retrieval system, in which the system tries to anticipate the user's information need and to deliver the relevant content proactively. Moreover, the notion of content relevance for a user's query evolves from a content dependent artefact to the multidimensional context-dependent structure, strongly influenced by the user's preferences. This cooperation process is realized as the so-called Librarian Agent Query Refinement Process. In order to clarify the impact of an ontology on the retrieval process (regarding its complexity and quality), a set of methods and tools for different levels of content and query formalisation is developed, ranging from pure ontology-based inferencing to keyword-based querying in which semantics automatically emerges from the results. Our evaluation studies have shown that the possibilities to conceptualize a user's information need in the right manner and to interpret the retrieval results accordingly are key issues for realizing much more meaningful information retrieval systems.
    Content
    Vgl.: http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F1627&ei=tAtYUYrBNoHKtQb3l4GYBw&usg=AFQjCNHeaxKkKU3-u54LWxMNYGXaaDLCGw&sig2=8WykXWQoDKjDSdGtAakH2Q&bvm=bv.44442042,d.Yms.
  4. Francu, V.: Multilingual access to information using an intermediate language (2003) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    While being theoretically so widely available, information can be restricted from a more general use by linguistic barriers. The linguistic aspects of the information languages and particularly the chances of an enhanced access to information by means of multilingual access facilities will make the substance of this thesis. The main problem of this research is thus to demonstrate that information retrieval can be improved by using multilingual thesaurus terms based on an intermediate or switching language to search with. Universal classification systems in general can play the role of switching languages for reasons dealt with in the forthcoming pages. The Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) in particular is the classification system used as example of a switching language for our objectives. The question may arise: why a universal classification system and not another thesaurus? Because the UDC like most of the classification systems uses symbols. Therefore, it is language independent and the problems of compatibility between such a thesaurus and different other thesauri in different languages are avoided. Another question may still arise? Why not then, assign running numbers to the descriptors in a thesaurus and make a switching language out of the resulting enumerative system? Because of some other characteristics of the UDC: hierarchical structure and terminological richness, consistency and control. One big problem to find an answer to is: can a thesaurus be made having as a basis a classification system in any and all its parts? To what extent this question can be given an affirmative answer? This depends much on the attributes of the universal classification system which can be favourably used to this purpose. Examples of different situations will be given and discussed upon beginning with those classes of UDC which are best fitted for building a thesaurus structure out of them (classes which are both hierarchical and faceted)...
    Content
    Inhalt: INFORMATION LANGUAGES: A LINGUISTIC APPROACH MULTILINGUAL ASPECTS IN INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL COMPATIBILITY AND CONVERTIBILITY OF INFORMATION LANGUAGES CURRENT TRENDS IN MULTILINGUAL ACCESS BUILDING UDC-BASED MULTILINGUAL THESAURI ONLINE APPLICATIONS OF THE UDC-BASED MULTILINGUAL THESAURI THE IMPACT OF SPECIFICITY ON THE RETRIEVAL POWER OF A UDC-BASED MULTILINGUAL THESAURUS FINAL REMARKS AND GENERAL CONCLUSIONS Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van doctor in de Taal- en Letterkunde aan de Universiteit Antwerpen. - Vgl.: http://dlist.sir.arizona.edu/1862/.
  5. Thielemann, A.: Sacherschließung für die Kunstgeschichte : Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von DDC 700: The Arts (2007) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Nach der Veröffentlichung einer deutschen Übersetzung der Dewey Decimal Classification 22 im Oktober 2005 und ihrer Nutzung zur Inhaltserschließung in der Deutschen Nationalbibliographie seit Januar 2006 stellt sich aus Sicht der deutschen kunsthistorischen Spezialbibliotheken die Frage nach einer möglichen Verwendung der DDC und ihrer generellen Eignung zur Inhalterschließung kunsthistorischer Publikationen. Diese Frage wird vor dem Hintergrund der bestehenden bibliothekarischen Strukturen für die Kunstgeschichte sowie mit Blick auf die inhaltlichen Besonderheiten, die Forschungsmethodik und die publizistischen Traditionen dieses Faches erörtert.
  6. Nicoletti, M.: Automatische Indexierung (2001) 0.02 
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    Content
    Inhalt: 1. Aufgabe - 2. Ermittlung von Mehrwortgruppen - 2.1 Definition - 3. Kennzeichnung der Mehrwortgruppen - 4. Grundformen - 5. Term- und Dokumenthäufigkeit --- Termgewichtung - 6. Steuerungsinstrument Schwellenwert - 7. Invertierter Index. Vgl. unter: http://www.grin.com/de/e-book/104966/automatische-indexierung.
  7. Makewita, S.M.: Investigating the generic information-seeking function of organisational decision-makers : perspectives on improving organisational information systems (2002) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The past decade has seen the emergence of a new paradigm in the corporate world where organisations emphasised connectivity as a means of exposing decision-makers to wider resources of information within and outside the organisation. Many organisations followed the initiatives of enhancing infrastructures, manipulating cultural shifts and emphasising managerial commitment for creating pools and networks of knowledge. However, the concept of connectivity is not merely presenting people with the data, but more importantly, to create environments where people can seek information efficiently. This paradigm has therefore caused a shift in the function of information systems in organisations. They have to be now assessed in relation to how they underpin people's information-seeking activities within the context of their organisational environment. This research project used interpretative research methods to investigate the nature of people's information-seeking activities at two culturally contrasting organisations. Outcomes of this research project provide insights into phenomena associated with people's information-seeking function, and show how they depend on the organisational context that is defined partly by information systems. It suggests that information-seeking is not just searching for data. The inefficiencies inherent in both people and their environments can bring opaqueness into people's data, which they need to avoid or eliminate as part of seeking information. This seems to have made information-seeking a two-tier process consisting of a primary process of searching and interpreting data and auxiliary process of avoiding and eliminating opaqueness in data. Based on this view, this research suggests that organisational information systems operate naturally as implicit dual-mechanisms to underpin the above two-tier process, and that improvements to information systems should concern maintaining the balance in these dual-mechanisms.
    Date
    22. 7.2022 12:16:58
  8. Sperling, R.: Anlage von Literaturreferenzen für Onlineressourcen auf einer virtuellen Lernplattform (2004) 0.01 
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    Date
    26.11.2005 18:39:22
  9. Behrens, S.: Entwicklung eines Konzeptes für die Inhaltserschließung der Bestände der Bibliotheca »Emilio Held Winkler« Santiago de Chile : Erstellung einer nutzerfreundlichen Systematik (2004) 0.01 
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  10. Milanesi, C.: Möglichkeiten der Kooperation im Rahmen von Subject Gateways : das Euler-Projekt im Vergleich mit weiteren europäischen Projekten (2001) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 6.2002 19:41:59
  11. Haller, S.H.M.: Mappingverfahren zur Wissensorganisation (2002) 0.01 
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    Date
    30. 5.2010 16:22:35
  12. Hoffmann, R.: Mailinglisten für den bibliothekarischen Informationsdienst am Beispiel von RABE (2000) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 2.2000 10:25:05
    Series
    Kölner Arbeitspapiere zur Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft; Bd.22
  13. Lorenz, S.: Konzeption und prototypische Realisierung einer begriffsbasierten Texterschließung (2006) 0.01 
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    22. 3.2015 9:17:30
  14. Buß, M.: Unternehmenssprache in internationalen Unternehmen : Probleme des Informationstransfers in der internen Kommunikation (2005) 0.01 
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    22. 5.2005 18:25:26
  15. Düring, M.: ¬Die Dewey Decimal Classification : Entstehung, Aufbau und Ausblick auf eine Nutzung in deutschen Bibliotheken (2003) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Die ständig steigende Zahl an publizierter Information in immer neuen Formen verlangt besonders von Informations- und Dokumentationseinrichtungen immer präzisere Lösungen zur Erschließung dieser Informationen und ihrer benutzerfreundlichen Aufbereitung. Besonders im derzeitigen Zeitalter der Datenbanken und Online-Kataloge ist die Kombination von verbaler und klassifikatorischer Sacherschließung gefordert, ohne dabei die Verbindung zu den älteren, vielerorts noch (zumindest zusätzlich) in Verwendung befindlichen, Zettelkatalogen zu verlieren. Weltweit ist eine Vielzahl an verschiedenen Klassifikationen im Einsatz. Die Wahl der für eine Einrichtung passenden Klassifikation ist abhängig von ihrer thematischen und informationellen Ausrichtung, der Größe und Art der Bestände und nicht zuletzt von technischen und personellen Voraussetzungen. Auf Seiten der zu wählenden Klassifikation sind die Einfachheit der Handhabung für den Bibliothekar, die Verständlichkeit für den Benutzer, die Erweiterungsfähigkeit der Klassifikation durch das Aufkommen neuer Wissensgebiete und die Einbindung in informationelle Netze mit anderen Einrichtungen von entscheidender Bedeutung. In dieser Arbeit soll die Dewey Dezimalklassifikation (DDC) hinsichtlich dieser Punkte näher beleuchtet werden. Sie ist die weltweit am häufigsten benutzte Klassifikation. Etwa 200.000 Bibliotheken in 135 Ländern erschließen ihre Bestände mit diesem System. Sie liegt derzeit bereits in der 22. ungekürzten Auflage vor und wurde bisher in 30 Sprachen übersetzt. Eine deutsche Komplettübersetzung wird im Jahre 2005 erscheinen. Trotz teils heftig geführter Standardisierungsdebatten und Plänen für die Übernahme von amerikanischen Formalerschließungsregeln herrscht in Bezug auf die Sacherschließung unter deutschen Bibliotheken wenig Einigkeit. Die DDC ist in Deutschland und anderen europäischen Ländern kaum verbreitet, sieht von Großbritannien und von der Verwendung in Bibliografien ab. Diese Arbeit geht demzufolge auf die historischen Gründe dieser Entwicklung ein und wagt einen kurzen Ausblick in die Zukunft der Dezimalklassifikation.
  16. Westermeyer, D.: Adaptive Techniken zur Informationsgewinnung : der Webcrawler InfoSpiders (2005) 0.01 
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    Pages
    22 S
  17. Lehrke, C.: Architektur von Suchmaschinen : Googles Architektur, insb. Crawler und Indizierer (2005) 0.01 
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    Pages
    22 S
  18. Müller, T.: Wissensrepräsentation mit semantischen Netzen im Bereich Luftfahrt (2006) 0.01 
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    Date
    26. 9.2006 21:00:22
  19. Yusuff, A.: Automatisches Indexing and Abstracting : Grundlagen und Beispiele (2002) 0.00 
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    Imprint
    Potsdam : Fachhochschule, FB A-B-D
  20. Schwarz, K.: Domain model enhanced search : a comparison of taxonomy, thesaurus and ontology (2005) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The results of this thesis are intended to support the information architect in designing a solution for improved search in a corporate environment. Specifically we have examined the type of search problems that require a domain model to enhance the search process. There are several approaches to modeling a domain. We have considered 3 different types of domain modeling schemes; taxonomy, thesaurus and ontology. The intention is to support the information architect in making an informed choice between one or more of these schemes. In our opinion the main criteria for this choice are the modeling characteristics of a scheme and the suitability for application in the search process. The second chapter is a discussion of modeling characteristics of each scheme, followed by a comparison between them. This should give an information architect an idea of which aspects of a domain can be modeled with each scheme. What is missing here is an indication of the effort required to model a domain with each scheme. There are too many factors that influence the amount of required effort, ranging from measurable factors like domain size and resource characteristics to cultural matters such as the willingness to share knowledge and the existence of a project champion in the team to keep the project running. The third chapter shows what role domain models can play in each part of the search process. This gives an idea of the problems that domain models can solve. We have split the search process into individual parts to show that domain models can be applied very differently in the process. The fourth chapter makes recommendations about the suitability of each individualdomain modeling scheme for improving search. Each scheme has particular characteristics that make it especially suitable for a domain or a search problem. In the appendix each case study is described in detail. These descriptions are intended to serve as a benchmark. The current problem of the enterprise can be compared to those described to see which case study is most similar, which solution was chosen, which problems arose and how they were dealt with. An important issue that we have not touched upon in this thesis is that of maintenance. The real problems of a domain model are revealed when it is applied in a search system and its deficits and wrong assumptions become clear. Adaptation and maintenance are always required. Unfortunately we have not been able to glean sufficient information about maintenance issues from our case studies to draw any meaningful conclusions.

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